The document summarizes key aspects of governmental and legal issues related to retailing in China. It discusses the important role that the central and local Chinese government plays in economic development and regulating the retail industry. It also outlines some major retail regulations and laws in China, including measures for foreign investment, administration of sales promotions, and consumer protection laws. Retailers must navigate this regulatory environment and consider governmental policies at both the central and local levels.
Effects of government taxation policy on sales revenue of SME in Uasin Gishu ...inventionjournals
ABSTRACT: In Kenya, SME provide source of employment creation, innovation, competition, economic dynamism which eventually lead to poverty alleviation and national growth. Government taxation policy is one of the factors that constitute the SMEs‟ economic surroundings. This study sought to find out the effects of government taxation policy on sales revenue of SME in Kenya and particularly Uasin Gishu County. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, the specific research objective was addressed: to find out the effects of government taxation policy on sales revenue of SME. The data for this study was collected from primary and secondary sources. While the research instruments were questionnaire, interview and document analysis, the study population comprised of staff and management of SME within Uasin Gishu County, Kenya who formed the sample for the study. The explanatory research design was employed in the study. The samples for the study were selected using stratified random and simple random sampling methods. The data from the research instruments were coded and analyzed using the SPSS. Descriptive statistics, frequency tables, percentages, mean and standard deviation were used to present the data, while Correlation was used to test the hypotheses. Results of the study found statistically significant relationships between the three dimensions of government taxation policy and sales revenue. The researcher concluded therefore that government taxation policy had a significant impact on sales revenue of SMEs.
Meaning of Government
Meaning of Government policy
Types of Government policies
Relationship between Government & Business
Responsibilities of business towards government
Government Responsibilities towards business
Liberalization
Industrial policy
Multi national company
Globalization
Effects of government taxation policy on sales revenue of SME in Uasin Gishu ...inventionjournals
ABSTRACT: In Kenya, SME provide source of employment creation, innovation, competition, economic dynamism which eventually lead to poverty alleviation and national growth. Government taxation policy is one of the factors that constitute the SMEs‟ economic surroundings. This study sought to find out the effects of government taxation policy on sales revenue of SME in Kenya and particularly Uasin Gishu County. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, the specific research objective was addressed: to find out the effects of government taxation policy on sales revenue of SME. The data for this study was collected from primary and secondary sources. While the research instruments were questionnaire, interview and document analysis, the study population comprised of staff and management of SME within Uasin Gishu County, Kenya who formed the sample for the study. The explanatory research design was employed in the study. The samples for the study were selected using stratified random and simple random sampling methods. The data from the research instruments were coded and analyzed using the SPSS. Descriptive statistics, frequency tables, percentages, mean and standard deviation were used to present the data, while Correlation was used to test the hypotheses. Results of the study found statistically significant relationships between the three dimensions of government taxation policy and sales revenue. The researcher concluded therefore that government taxation policy had a significant impact on sales revenue of SMEs.
Meaning of Government
Meaning of Government policy
Types of Government policies
Relationship between Government & Business
Responsibilities of business towards government
Government Responsibilities towards business
Liberalization
Industrial policy
Multi national company
Globalization
The AFD is a water removal and maintenance system designed for use with hydraulic systems, gear boxes, marine and fuel systems.
Unlike Vacuum Dehydrators, the AFD is only 20 inches square, costs 1/6th as much, has fewer parts and can operate as an integral piece of the equipment maintaining proper hydraulic oil humidity levels and removing any humidity within the head space of tanks.
The AFD can easily integrate with Dada AQ systems and other PLC's and is ideal for use in Wind Turbines where tests have shown the ability to remove water down to less than 100 PPM. It is also ideal for use in paper mills, marine hydraulic and fuel storage and above ground storage tanks.
For more information, test results, pricing and availability, please email Alan Ray at JM Grimstad. a.ray@grimstad.com
La présentation du keynote de Guy-Philippe Goldstein, auteur du livre "Babel Minute Zero" http://www.amazon.fr/Babel-Minute-Z%C3%A9ro-Guy-Philippe-Goldstein/dp/2070427501/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1323213680&sr=8-1;
http://www.grc-interchange.com
Direct Selling Guidelines, 2016 - An AnalysisRupendra Porwal
There was long demand of Direct Selling Industry(“DSI”) for enactment of an express legislation to distinguish between the direct selling entity engaged in genuine direct selling activities and those entities involved in illegal operation of money circulation schemes in form of Ponzi and/or Pyramid Schemes.
The Government of India, pursuant to reports of Parliament Committee on growing menace of the money circulation schemes under one or more disguised structure, has been mulling to bring effective central legislation for curbing all kinds of Ponzi and/or Pyramid Schemes.
The lack of clear distinction in definitions between/among genuine direct selling entities and entities involved in illegal operation of money circulation schemes created confusion and various state governments arrested officials of direct selling entities under the provisions of Prize Chits and Money Circulation Schemes (Banning) Act, 1978, State’s Depositors Protection Act and Indian Penal Code.
Department of Consumer Affairs (Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, GOI) issued DIRECT SELLING GUIDELINES, 2016, inter-alia, in order to curb the menace of money circulation schemes and to bring uniformity in regulations and control of the DSI in the country.
This presentation will enable the direct selling entities to structure their business in compliance of these guidelines and also enable them to understand the new business module for carrying out direct selling activities.
WHAT INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE INFORMAL SECTOR?Dr Lendy Spires
The idea that the institutional framework can be a determining factor in stimulating or slowing informal activities arose relatively recently. Previously, the economic environment was the primary concern. For example, governments tried to promote micro-enterprises by granting them easier access to capital; for several decades, the financing problems of these enterprises have been analysed and aid programmes undertaken in that domain.
Economists only began to pay more attention to the role of institutions in development and study the impact of the institutional framework on informal activities in the 1980s. Studies of this type are of obvious practical interest. It is hoped that they will give rise to recommendations for improving the institutional framework, and that is the intent of the Development Centre’s project: to deepen our knowledge of the impact of the institutional framework so as to improve it. It is not self-evident that the state could intervene effectively along these lines.
Indeed for 30 years advocates of state control and then liberals, for opposing reasons, believed that the state could do nothing for the informal sector. During the 1960s and 1970s, partisans of state control promoted rapid development of the modern sector through state intervention, or even state control over the entire sector. In their eyes, the informal sector was a marginal, residual activity that would disappear thanks to job creation in the modern sector. They preferred to ignore the informal sector because it was a reminder of the country’s economic backwardness, especially in the newly independent states which had taken the path of modernity and wanted to forget certain traditional aspects of their economies.
At the same time, however, a regulatory framework modelled on those of the developed countries and completely inappropriate for traditional activities, was retained and even extended. This programme failed for several reasons. Medium-sized and large modern sector enterprises were unable to resolve the employment problem in cities where growth of the working-age population was extremely rapid (more than 4 or 5 per cent annually). Then the financial crisis of the early 1980s hit most of the countries that had chosen this strategy, ending their investments in large modern sector enterprises, investments mostly financed by foreign borrowing.
The result was a radical change of attitude: the formerly ignored informal sector became the last hope of governments in the struggle against unemployment. At a time when adjustment programmes were sometimes leading to massive losses of employment in the large state-controlled enterprises, the informal sector was somehow expected to meet the heavy responsibility of creating more jobs to compensate for these effects of adjustment. As the financial crisis coincided with the success of neoliberal theory in the United States and Britain,
Currently, small businesses are the backbone of the economy, which is proven economies of leading
countries - more than 20% of GDP - such a contribution comes from small businesses. It due to the fact that
small businesses are able to most fully satisfy consumer demand, it is more mobile, innovative, able to quickly
adapt to fluctuations market and the general economic situation in the country
Illicit liquor trade poses a serious threat to government, socially
as well economically. Excise duty which is an important source
of revenue is continually under threat from the practice of illicit
trade. Considerable amount of money which could be used to
benefit the government services of a country are being diverted
to the pockets of criminals participating in illegal trading. In
addition, the illicit trade in liquor poses a serious threat to
consumer health.
To counteract it, some State governments have implemented
Tax Stamps as part of their anti-counterfeiting strategy. This
has not only minimized the hooch tragedies and duplication but
has also substantially increased the excise revenue collection in
States.
This issue brings our cover story on “TAX STAMPS
ROLE IN IMPLEMENTING IDEAL STATE EXCISE
POLICY”. Apart from this, the issue also covers interviews,
industry updates & news.
We hope you will find this issue informative and interesting and
as always, we look forward to receiving your feedback.
If you have any news, contributions or comments for the
editorial team, please feel free to email us at info@aspaglobal.
com
The AFD is a water removal and maintenance system designed for use with hydraulic systems, gear boxes, marine and fuel systems.
Unlike Vacuum Dehydrators, the AFD is only 20 inches square, costs 1/6th as much, has fewer parts and can operate as an integral piece of the equipment maintaining proper hydraulic oil humidity levels and removing any humidity within the head space of tanks.
The AFD can easily integrate with Dada AQ systems and other PLC's and is ideal for use in Wind Turbines where tests have shown the ability to remove water down to less than 100 PPM. It is also ideal for use in paper mills, marine hydraulic and fuel storage and above ground storage tanks.
For more information, test results, pricing and availability, please email Alan Ray at JM Grimstad. a.ray@grimstad.com
La présentation du keynote de Guy-Philippe Goldstein, auteur du livre "Babel Minute Zero" http://www.amazon.fr/Babel-Minute-Z%C3%A9ro-Guy-Philippe-Goldstein/dp/2070427501/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1323213680&sr=8-1;
http://www.grc-interchange.com
Direct Selling Guidelines, 2016 - An AnalysisRupendra Porwal
There was long demand of Direct Selling Industry(“DSI”) for enactment of an express legislation to distinguish between the direct selling entity engaged in genuine direct selling activities and those entities involved in illegal operation of money circulation schemes in form of Ponzi and/or Pyramid Schemes.
The Government of India, pursuant to reports of Parliament Committee on growing menace of the money circulation schemes under one or more disguised structure, has been mulling to bring effective central legislation for curbing all kinds of Ponzi and/or Pyramid Schemes.
The lack of clear distinction in definitions between/among genuine direct selling entities and entities involved in illegal operation of money circulation schemes created confusion and various state governments arrested officials of direct selling entities under the provisions of Prize Chits and Money Circulation Schemes (Banning) Act, 1978, State’s Depositors Protection Act and Indian Penal Code.
Department of Consumer Affairs (Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, GOI) issued DIRECT SELLING GUIDELINES, 2016, inter-alia, in order to curb the menace of money circulation schemes and to bring uniformity in regulations and control of the DSI in the country.
This presentation will enable the direct selling entities to structure their business in compliance of these guidelines and also enable them to understand the new business module for carrying out direct selling activities.
WHAT INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE INFORMAL SECTOR?Dr Lendy Spires
The idea that the institutional framework can be a determining factor in stimulating or slowing informal activities arose relatively recently. Previously, the economic environment was the primary concern. For example, governments tried to promote micro-enterprises by granting them easier access to capital; for several decades, the financing problems of these enterprises have been analysed and aid programmes undertaken in that domain.
Economists only began to pay more attention to the role of institutions in development and study the impact of the institutional framework on informal activities in the 1980s. Studies of this type are of obvious practical interest. It is hoped that they will give rise to recommendations for improving the institutional framework, and that is the intent of the Development Centre’s project: to deepen our knowledge of the impact of the institutional framework so as to improve it. It is not self-evident that the state could intervene effectively along these lines.
Indeed for 30 years advocates of state control and then liberals, for opposing reasons, believed that the state could do nothing for the informal sector. During the 1960s and 1970s, partisans of state control promoted rapid development of the modern sector through state intervention, or even state control over the entire sector. In their eyes, the informal sector was a marginal, residual activity that would disappear thanks to job creation in the modern sector. They preferred to ignore the informal sector because it was a reminder of the country’s economic backwardness, especially in the newly independent states which had taken the path of modernity and wanted to forget certain traditional aspects of their economies.
At the same time, however, a regulatory framework modelled on those of the developed countries and completely inappropriate for traditional activities, was retained and even extended. This programme failed for several reasons. Medium-sized and large modern sector enterprises were unable to resolve the employment problem in cities where growth of the working-age population was extremely rapid (more than 4 or 5 per cent annually). Then the financial crisis of the early 1980s hit most of the countries that had chosen this strategy, ending their investments in large modern sector enterprises, investments mostly financed by foreign borrowing.
The result was a radical change of attitude: the formerly ignored informal sector became the last hope of governments in the struggle against unemployment. At a time when adjustment programmes were sometimes leading to massive losses of employment in the large state-controlled enterprises, the informal sector was somehow expected to meet the heavy responsibility of creating more jobs to compensate for these effects of adjustment. As the financial crisis coincided with the success of neoliberal theory in the United States and Britain,
Currently, small businesses are the backbone of the economy, which is proven economies of leading
countries - more than 20% of GDP - such a contribution comes from small businesses. It due to the fact that
small businesses are able to most fully satisfy consumer demand, it is more mobile, innovative, able to quickly
adapt to fluctuations market and the general economic situation in the country
Illicit liquor trade poses a serious threat to government, socially
as well economically. Excise duty which is an important source
of revenue is continually under threat from the practice of illicit
trade. Considerable amount of money which could be used to
benefit the government services of a country are being diverted
to the pockets of criminals participating in illegal trading. In
addition, the illicit trade in liquor poses a serious threat to
consumer health.
To counteract it, some State governments have implemented
Tax Stamps as part of their anti-counterfeiting strategy. This
has not only minimized the hooch tragedies and duplication but
has also substantially increased the excise revenue collection in
States.
This issue brings our cover story on “TAX STAMPS
ROLE IN IMPLEMENTING IDEAL STATE EXCISE
POLICY”. Apart from this, the issue also covers interviews,
industry updates & news.
We hope you will find this issue informative and interesting and
as always, we look forward to receiving your feedback.
If you have any news, contributions or comments for the
editorial team, please feel free to email us at info@aspaglobal.
com
This is the pest analysis of the company called china mobile limited. it explains all factors - political,social,economic and technological factors affecting china mobile limited as a company.
Mergers and Acquisitions in China as one of the investment vehicles available for foreign investors and market entry strategy to break into Chinese market. What are the main issues and aspects to carefully take into consideration? What are the alternatives to M&A operations to achieve the same goals in China?
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
12. Wangfujing President President Union President Office Business Development Retailing General Department Store Super Market Merchants Invitation Finance Auditing Engineering Property & Security Information Technology Human Resource Business School Legal Office Cooperate Newspaper Enterprise Planning Secretary Corporate Branch of Communist Party Cooperate Branch Of Communist Party Union Vice Presidents
13. Wuhan Zhongbai General Meeting of Shareholders Board of Directors Audit Department President Supervising Committee President Office Finance Stock Administration Human Resource Information Training Security Business Development Wuhan Zhongbai Department Store Co., Ltd Wuhan Zhongbai Warehouse store Co., Ltd Wuhan Zhongbai Supermarket Co., Ltd Wuhan Zhongbai Electronic Appliance Store Co., Ltd Wuhan Zhongbai Distribution Co., Ltd Wuhan Zhongbai Property Management Co., Ltd Wuhan Zhongbai E-commerce Co., Ltd Wuhan Zhonglian Pharmacy Co., Ltd.
14. Gome Board Director Executive Vice-president President Decision Committee Headquarter Location Gome Yongle Pengrun Store Management Logistic Inventory Buying Human Resource Information Administration Branding Customer Service Marketing Merchandising Administration
48. Enterprise Name Registration Bureau of Industry and Commerce Approval Certificate (Contract, Feasibility Study Report, Articles of Association, and Application) Certificate of Organizational Code Business License Charter Moment Statistics Registration Customs Registration Foreign Exchange Registration Tax Registration Open Bank Account Capital Certificate Registration Business License Change Bureau of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau of Industry and Commerce Bureau of Public Security Bureau of Statistics Customs Administration of Foreign Exchanges State and Local Taxation Bureau Banks Law Firms Bureau of Industry and Commerce
49.
Editor's Notes
When the director or CEO of the two most successful companies in China talked about the success of their companies, both of them mentioned the importance of law and government policies. Because China is in huge changes, legal system is under building up and government policies keep changing along with the development of economy. It is very important for companies to closely follow the government’s law and policies to grab opportunities and avoid legal risks. For example, hypermarkets were greatly encouraged by government 10 years ago in China, however the expansion of hypermarkets have been strictly restricted by government in the first and some second tier cities.
Under the current reforms, China government is gradually relaxing its control on economy and let market play more role in the economic development. However, because the long history of planned economy, government still has great influence on retail industry.
There are four major power centers in China’s government system: Communist party of China (CPC), People’s Congress (PC), State Council; and Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). These four organizations co-existing and parallel with each other in different levels: National level, provincial level, city level, and district and county levels. Use the PDF file “prc_government_chart” to explain each system. China is a one-party-political system and is ruled by CPC. CPC is a huge system with 73 million members. The CPC is defined by deep vertical and cross-functional integration that extends into leading social, economic, academic and state administrative organizations. Any entity with 3 or more non probationary party member can establish a primary party organization. At the lowest level of CPC organizational hierarchy are grassroots and primary organizations. These group can be find in all kind social organizations such as government, state-owned companies, and Universities. Some foreign retailers such as Walmart have also set up CPC branches. Party congress are organized at the local and national levels. By ways of staggered elections through this chain, the top political leadership obtain its authority. National congress of CPC meets once every five years with over 2000 delegates elected from all over the country. These delegates nominally elect the central committee, a 300 plus person body which, in turn, has responsibility to select 20-25 members of the political bureau. Out of this group, 5-9 individuals are chosen to be the members of standing committee of the political bureau, the center of the party power. The highest leader of CPC is general secretary. The current secretary, Jintao Hu is also the president of China. National People’s Congress National People’s Congress formally exists as the highest organ of the state power, because it constitutes the legislative branch of Chinese government and approve government’s work report, budget allocation and economic plan for the future. NPC is comprised of 3,000 delegates, who meet annually. NPC elects the members of Standing committees, President, vice-president, president of Supreme People’s Court, and president of Supreme People’s Procuratorate. China’ president regarded as head of state. Once elected, the president in turn appoints a premier with approval of the NPC. The Premier serves as the head of stat council. When the NPC is not in full session, Standing Committee of NPC has the right to modify and decide on legislature, supervise all state organs, and may appoint or remove hades of ministries and commissions. People’ congress constitute the highest level of state power at the corresponding level, meeting annually at the sub-nationally level. The leadership of local government, courts, and other offices are elected by their corresponding congress. Supreme people’s court is the highest trial organ in the country, and with supervisory power of local people’s courts and special peoples’ courts. Procuratorates run parallel to the court system. State council Premier is responsible for overseeing the state bureaucracy, including ministries, departments, and leading commissions. Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference Its members are from other eight political parties, non government organizations (e.g., All China Women’s Union and All China Federation of labor), and a growing numbers of renowned individuals, such as Olympians and musicians. It is a advisory body, supervising and providing advice to government. As described, state and party organizations appear independent of each other, as of operating under distinct chains of command borne of election proceedings. The CPC has continued to have considerable influence over government activities because the significant number of party member in the elections. Without the CPC’s support, it is impossible for a candidate to win an election. CPC rules other organization through its control over key appointments within the central and local bureaucracies and military commands, thus exerting considerable power throughout the country.
State owned retailers have branches of communist party.
This chart is got from the company’s website. This is a leading state-owned department chain. It has communist party branch in each level of the company. The secretary of CPC is ranked the first in the company followed by the president. The Chart shows that the president of unit needs to report to CPC president. Traditionally, union in China is more likely to represent the company rather than the employees. Its function includes distribute some benefits (such as free movie tickets) to employees, organize activities for employees (such as parties), and help build up company culture.
It is a Chinese retailer. It has a supervising committee, which is common in Chinese company. The supervising committee monitors the operation of the company and reports to the general meeting of shareholders. It is learned from European companies.
This is a private retailer.
The Five-Year Plans of China are a series of economic development initiatives. Each plan normally contains detailed economic development guidelines for all its regions.
After the central government publish a Five Year Plan (it is a general guideline), Each province and each section will develop a Five Year Plan for its own region or section according to central government’s general five year plan. E.g., Beijing government will develop a Five Year Plan for Beijing area. Ministry of Commerce will develop a Five Year Plan for Business Development. This plan included the guidelines specific for the development of retail industry. Above is the 11st Five Year Plan of National business Development (2006). The 12nd five year plan of national business development should come out very soon.
Bailian, the largest Chinese retailer, was created by combing Friendship Group (Owner of Lianhua Supermarket), Hualian Group (Owner of Hualian Supermarket), Shanghai Yibai group (the parent of Shanghai Number one Department Store), and Shanghai Material Group. Capital Chain Store Group was created by 13 leading retailers in Beijing including Xidan, Wumei, Xiaobaiyang, and Jingkelong etc.
The special treatments are not only for domestic retailers but also for international retailers. In fact, in order to attract foreign investment and advanced management, some local governments give beneficial offers to foreign retailers. In the first and second tier cities, because the market is fully. Government may not offer special treatment to newcomers. But special treatments are likely to continue as the foreign retailers expand into the lower-tier cities.
The problem is that the fine is small and the punishment is too light.
Primary business area means the geographic area covering 50-70% customers of a retail store
Primary business area means the geographic area covering 50-70% customers of a retail store Minor business area means the geographic area covering 15-25% customer of a retail store.
Regulations are general and many departments are in charge of the implementations.
Cultivate big retailers and distributors in order to compete with foreign companies. The opening of business unit larger than 10,000 square meters should go through public auditing. Building rural supermarkets and modern distribution systerm
Government will control the distribution and price of some specific products.