The document discusses several techniques and concepts used in music videos including thought beats, narrative and performance, the relation of visuals to song lyrics, and star image. It provides examples of how visuals can disjuncture from, amplify, or illustrate the meaning of lyrics. The document also discusses voyeurism in representing characters and intertextuality in referencing other pop culture works.

1. Genre
Lady Gaga’s music video, Telephone, shows examples and
clear connotation of the pop genre. Bright colours, lots of
make-up and synchronized dancing reinforce the idea of the
pop genre. Lots of pop genre iconography is used in all of her
music videos, and so makes it clear to the audience what
genre it is.

2. Thought Beats
Thought beats are when a music videos clips are cut
to the music. A good example of when this happens
is in the music video ‘clarity’. The mixture of shots is
cut to the beat of the music.

3. Narrative and Performance
The music video ‘radioactive’ by imagine dragons shows a
clear example of how narrative and performance can help
create an entertaining video. The use of comedy makes the
music video re-watchable and entertaining each time, and
the unclear narrative makes audiences want to guess what
is happening.

4. Relation of visuals to song.
This occurs when a songs music video relates to the lyrics
of the song. However, this doesn’t always happen.
• Disjuncture – The meaning of the song is completely ignored. The
images in the video do not relate to the lyrics.
• Amplify – The meaning of the song is exaggerated through the use
of visuals
• Illustrate – The meaning of the song is made clear through the
video. The video clearly illustrates the lyrics or “story” within a
song. This is the most common use.

5. Disjuncture
“I'm the king of my own land.
Facing tempests of dust, I'll fight until the end.
Creatures of my dreams raise up and dance with me!
Now and forever, I'm your king!”

6. Amplify
“And I'm sipping that bubb
And you're not gonna reach my telephone
Call all you want, but there's no one home
And you're not gonna reach my telephone
Out in the club
And I'm sipping that bubb
And you're not gonna reach my telephone”

7. Illustrate
“In another life
I would make you stay
So I don't have to say
You were the one that got away
The one that got away”

8. Star Image
Star image is the representation of the star in the music video. Most
music videos contain the star as the main character. They are shown
positively and are often shown in their best light. Close ups, make up
and screen time are all techniques used in videos t crate a star
persona.

9. Voyeurism
Voyeurism is the representation of characters in a music video. It
is usually used with female performers, but is now being used
more with male performers. Voyeurism is usually related to
sexual imagery, some female performers are portrayed in a
sexual way to increase popularity and male fan base.

10. Intertexuality
Intertexuality is where music videos references other
texts or pop culture. They can reference other music
videos, films and TV shows. This music video by
Madonna references an earlier music video by Marilyn
Monroe. They both use the same colours, costumes
and shots.