Goldman Sachs is a global investment banking and securities firm founded in 1869 with headquarters in New York City and offices worldwide. It provides services including global investments, trading, asset management, and mergers and acquisition advice. While known for its "long-term greedy" philosophy of prioritizing long-term gains over short-term losses, Goldman Sachs has also been involved in several famous crises, including underwriting debt for Penn Central Transportation Company which later went bankrupt, receiving bailout funds from the Federal Reserve during the 2008 financial crisis, and paying large fines for its role in the Abacus CDO scandal.