Glossary of logistics and postal logistics

M.Ghazizadeh
FIPPO
GLOSSARY
OF
LOGISTICS
AND POSTAL
TERMS

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1-9
1-hour delivery: It is a service mainly for retail chains, grocery stores, e-tailers, fast-food
chain and…. one-hour service is all about helping customers with those items that are highly
time sensitive. Show their clients, their boss, their friends that time matters to them.
2-hour delivery service provider: provider of 2-hour delivery service
3pl central ware house: the central ware house/s of a 3rd party logistics provider
3pl local ware house: the local ware house/s of a 3rd party logistics provider
3PL service provider: A company that provides logistics services to customers who
outsource part of, or all of, their supply chain management functions (i.e. transportation,
warehousing, freight forwarding, distribution, cross docking, packaging, etc.).
3PL services: if a manufacturer outsources its package of transport and logistic activities,
third party logistic service providers organizes these activities and may hire third parties for
the specific execution (subcontracting). This service provider often comes into contact not
just with the manufacturer, but also with the supplier. As the third party, he organizes the
logistics between these two successive actors in the supply chain.
4PL service provider: provider of 4pl. often have no means of transport and warehouses
(non-asset based logistics). The fourth party logistic role demands intense involvement from
the service supplier in the client’s business activities. After all, not only does the latter
outsource the execution but also the monitoring of the logistic processes. The short-term
thinking with collaboration agreements purely on the basis of cost-related reasons is
replaced with long-term partnerships where quality of the service will play a primary role,
and which involves shared risks and benefits
4PL services: The manufacturer does not only outsource the organization of its logistic tasks
to third parties, but also the management thereof. Fourth party logistic service providers
often check the entire supply chain. The organizational and executive activities are again
often outsourced to other parties.

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5PL service provider: provider of 5pl. A fifth party logistic service provider guarantees the
management of networks of supply chains. The industrial actor hires third parties for the
supply of strategic, innovative logistical solutions and concepts. A fifth party logistic service
provider develops and implements, preferably in close consultation with the client, the best
possible supply chains or networks. Fifth party logistic is often linked to E-business.
5PL services: This applies when the switch is made from supply chains to supply networks.

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A
Accepts: The total number of mail pieces processed by an optical character reader or
barcode reader and assigned to the correct stacker (open bin).
Acceptance points: they are network of service centers serves as convenient parcel drop-off
and collection points.
Accessorial Services/Charges Services: performed by a shipping line or airline in addition to
the normal transportation service. Common accessorial services include advancement of
charges, pickup, delivery, C.O.D. service, signature service and storage.
Accountable mail: Mail that requires the signature of the addressee or addressee’s agent
upon receipt to provide evidence of delivery or indemnification for loss or damage.
Accountable mail includes Priority Mail Express service and Special Service mail such as
Certified Mail, Cash on Delivery, Registered Mail, Return Receipt, and Signature
Confirmation.
Accountable materials: Certain items of inherent monetary value. These include postal items
such as International Reply Coupons, postage stamps, philatelic products, Stamped
Envelopes and Stamped Cards, blank Postal Money Order forms, or any unsold item
awaiting destruction. Accountable materials also include service items provided to the
general public on half of certain federal agencies such as migratory bird hunting and
conservation stamps.
Accountable paper: Paper in a postal facility that holds monetary value and must be
accounted for including postage stock, International Reply Coupons, migratory bird hunting
and conservation stamps, philatelic products, blank Postal Money Order forms, and items
awaiting destruction.
Accounts Payable (AP or A/P): An accounting entry that represents an entity's obligation to
pay off a short-term debt to its creditors. The accounts payable entry is found on a balance
sheet under the heading current liabilities.

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Accounts Receivable (AR or A/R): Money owed by customers (individuals or corporations)
to another entity in exchange for goods or services that have been delivered or used, but
not yet paid for. Receivables usually come in the form of operating lines of credit and are
usually due within a relatively short time period, ranging from a few days to a year.
Active delivery point: A delivery point that is currently occupied or vacant less than 90 days.
ADC: (1) A presort level in which all pieces in the bundle or container are addressed for
delivery in the service area of the same area distribution center (ADC). (2) An abbreviation
used on mail container labels that identifies the contents as area distribution center (ADC)
mail (i.e., the ZIP Codes on the mail are served by the ADC).
Address: The location to which a courier is to deliver a mail piece. It consists of certain
elements such as recipient name, street name and house number, and city, state, and
ZIP/Postal Code as required by the mail class or product.
Ad Valorem Duty: The phrase ad valorem is Latin for ‘according to value’. Duty or other
charges levied on an item on the basis of its value and not on the basis of its quantity, size,
weight, or other factor.
Advance Shipment Notice (ASN): A document transmitted (by courier, fax, or email) to a
consignee in advance of delivery detailing the contents and particulars of a shipment. The
particulars may include such items as shipment date, method of transport, carrier, expected
date and time of arrival and a full listing of contents.
Advertising Agencies: Often referred to as a creative agency, is a business dedicated to
creating, planning, and handling advertising and sometimes other forms of promotion and
marketing for its clients.
Air Cargo Crew: crew of cargo airlines.
Air Carriers: an organization with mission of transporting passengers and cargo by aircraft.
Air freight delivery: Air freight (parcel) delivery is the transfer and shipment of goods via an
air carrier, which may be charter or commercial. Such shipments travel out of commercial
and passenger aviation gateways to anywhere planes can fly and land.
Air Freight Forwarder: Air freight forwarders serve a dual role. Air freight forwarders are, to
the shipper, an indirect carrier because they receive freight from various shippers under one
tariff, usually consolidating the goods into a larger unit, which is then tendered to an airline.
To the airlines, the air freight forwarder is a shipper. An air freight forwarder is ordinarily

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classed as an indirect air carrier; however, many air freight forwarders operate their own
aircraft.
Air Waybill (AWB): A shipping document used by the airlines for air freight. It is a contract
for carriage that includes carrier conditions of carriage including such items as limits of
liability and claims procedures. The air waybill also contains shipping instructions to airlines,
a description of the commodity and applicable transportation charges. Air waybills are used
by many truckers as through documents for coordinated air/truck service.
Airbags: Are a kind of inflatable protective packaging that protect all kind of fragile products
and devices during transportation.
Airbags provider: provider of packing airbags.
Airplane manufacturer: is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of
designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets,
or spacecraft.
Airport: is a place where aircraft land and take off, which has buildings and facilities for
passengers.
Animal Delivery boxes: boxes and other equipment for transportation of animals
Animal shipment: is the intentional movement of animals by transport. Common categories
of animals which are transported include livestock destined for sale or slaughter; zoological
specimens; laboratory animals; race horses; pets; and wild animals being rescued or
relocated.
Animal shipment SP: provider of AS service
Automated Manifest System (AMS): The Automated Manifest System (AMS) handles
manifest information provided by the carrier (rather than the importer) and notifies the
carrier when the merchandise can be transported from the port of entry. AMS interfaces
directly with the Cargo
Automated Order Packing Solution: it is a machine which can pack any type of e-commerce
items whether it is shoes, home appliances, toys, electronic devices, ..., it can pack
automatically from the smallest to the largest items of a firm`s inventory.
Automated Parcels Terminals: An Easy-to-use and Convenient Solution to collect, Deliver
and Return Online Shopping and Other Parcels. Located in high traffic, accessible and safe
areas, APTs allow e-shoppers to easily pickup their online purchases in the self-service

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automated pickup point of their choice, on extended time slots. As soon as the parcel arrives
in the selected APT, the recipient receives an e-mail or SMS notification containing its unique
pickup codes. These codes allow to log into the terminal and collect its package in less than
30 seconds, at the most convenient time.
Automatic On-board Recording Device (AOBRD): an AOBRD is a device that a motor
carrier installed and required its drivers to use before the electronic logging device (ELD)
rule compliance date of December 18, 2017. The device must meet the requirements of 49
CFR 395.15. A motor carrier may continue to use grandfathered AOBRDs no later than
December 16, 2019. After that, the motor carrier and its drivers must use ELDs.24Learn more.

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B
Back Haul: The load carried by a transport vehicle all or part of the way from its original
destination t its original point of departure.
Balanced Scorecard (BSC): A performance metric used in strategic management to identify
and improve various internal functions and their resulting external outcomes. The balanced
scorecard attempts to measure and provide feedback to organizations in order to assist in
implementing strategies and objectives. This management technique isolates four separate
areas that need to be analyzed (1) learning and growth, (2) business processes, (3)
customers, and (4) finance. Data collection is crucial to providing quantitative results, which
are interpreted by managers and executives and used to make better long-term decisions.
Banks: is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates credit.
Barcode: A barcode is an optical machine-readable representation of data relating to the
object to which it is attached. Originally barcodes systematically represented data by varying
the widths and spacing of parallel lines, and may be referred to as linear or one-dimensional
(1D). Later they evolved into rectangles, dots, hexagons and other geometric patterns in two
dimensions (2D). Although 2D systems use a variety of symbols, they are generally referred
to as barcodes as well.
Barcoded container label: A label on a tray, sack, pallet, and other types of containers that
bears a barcode that includes information about the mail inside the container and the origin
and destination of the mail.
Barcode discount: A postage discount for certain machinable Package Services mail
products that bear a correct barcode and generally meet other size, shape, and volume
requirements
Barcode Scanner: is an electronic device for reading printed barcodes. Like a flatbed scanner,
it consists of a light source, a lens and a light sensor translating optical impulses into electrical
ones. Additionally, nearly all barcode readers contain decoder circuitry analyzing the

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barcode's image data provided by the sensor and sending the barcode's content to the
scanner's output port.
Barcode sorter: A computerized machine that sorts letter-size mail by using a barcode
reader to interpret an imprinted barcode. This machine consists of a mail feed and transport
unit, barcode reader, stacker module, and associated electronic equipment that can sort
into a large number of separations.
Batch Optimization: With batch optimization, orders and their associated pick-up/delivery
date and times are either known in advance through master routes and/or placed
throughout the day in dynamic environments. Typically route planning for the next day is
then done by sending all the work in batch to the route optimization system.
Batch Processing: Executing a series of non-interactive jobs all at one time. The term
originated in the days when users entered programs on punch cards. They would give a
batch of these programmed cards to the system operator, who would feed them into the
computer. Batch jobs can be stored up during working hours and then executed during the
evening or whenever the computer is idle. Batch processing is particularly useful for
operations that require the computer or a peripheral device for an extended period of time.
Once a batch job begins, it continues until it is done or until an error occurs. Note that batch
processing implies that there is no interaction with the user while the program is being
executed.
Bed-loaded mail: Bundles or sacks of mail that are not containerized (not placed on mail
transport equipment or on pallets) but stacked directly onto the floor of a vehicle trailer.
Bicycle riders: first mile and last mile deliverers who delivers by bicycle.
Bilateral Trade Agreement: The exchange of goods between two countries. Bilateral trade
agreements give preference to certain countries in commercial relationships, facilitating
trade and investment between the home country and the foreign country by reducing or
eliminating tariffs, import quotas, export restraints and other trade barriers. Bilateral trade
agreements can also help minimize trade deficits.
Bill of Lading (BOL): A legal document between the shipper of a particular good and the
carrier detailing the type, quantity and destination of the good being carried. The bill of
lading also serves as a receipt of shipment when the good is delivered to the predetermined
destination. This document must accompany the shipped goods, no matter the form of

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transportation, and must be signed by an authorized representative from the carrier, shipper
and receiver.
Blank / pre-printed labels: preprinted labels which can be used in parcel collection, inventory
management and transportation of goods. They can be in form of barcodes, codes, QR
codes and ….
Bonded Carrier: a) a carrier licensed to transport goods in bond. b) A carrier, licensed by the
customs authority of a country to transport imported gods past the customs border of the
country to another customs office in the same country where duties and taxes are then paid
by the importer.
Bonded Warehouse: A Customs bonded warehouse is a building, or other secured area, in
which imported dutiable merchandise may be stored, manipulated, or undergo
manufacturing operations without payment of duty for up to 5 years from the date of
importation.
Booking: The act of recording arrangements for the movement of goods by vessel.
Booking Number: The number assigned to a certain space reservation by the carrier or the
carrier's agent.
Box: a container with a flat base and sides, typically square or rectangular and having a lid.
Box labeling machine: a machine that puts labels on the surface of a box. It also has label
counter and pre-set batch controls, keyboard and digital display suitable for a wide range
of box labelling applications.
Box trailers: box trailer is one of the most common trailers in the road transport industry.
We typically use this type of trailer for transporting high-value cargo or garments on
hangers.
Boxcar: A boxcar is a railroad car that is enclosed and generally used to carry general freight.
Boxcars have side doors of varying size and operation, and some include end doors and
adjustable bulkheads to load very large items.
Break Bulk: A term used to describe goods that must be loaded individually, and not in
intermodal containers nor in bulk. Ships that carry this sort of cargo are often called general
cargo ships. The term break bulk derives from the phrase breaking bulk—the extraction of
a portion of the cargo of a ship or the beginning of the unloading process from the ship's
holds. These goods may not be in shipping containers. Break bulk cargo is transported in

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bags, boxes, crates, drums, or barrels. Unit loads of items secured to a pallet or skid are also
used.
Break bulk shipment: Cargo of non-uniform sizes, often transported on pallets, sacks,
drums, or bags. These cargoes require labor-intensive loading and unloading processes.
Examples of breakbulk cargo include coffee beans, logs, or pulp.
Broker: A company that arranges for the truck transportation of cargo belonging to others,
utilizing for-hire carriers to provide the actual truck transportation. However, the Broker does
not assume responsibility for the cargo and usually does not take possession of the cargo.8
Brokerage: A business whose main responsibility is to be an intermediary that puts buyers
and sellers together in order to facilitate a transaction. Brokerage companies are
compensated via commission after the transaction has been successfully completed.
Bubble wrap: is a pliable transparent plastic material used for packing fragile items.
Regularly spaced, protruding air-filled hemispheres (bubbles) provide cushioning for fragile
items.
Bulk mail: Specifically, mail that is rated for postage in a mailing partly by weight (by bulk)
and partly by volume (by number of pieces). The term often refers to Standard Mail service,
which has such a price structure and, in the past, displayed the class marking BULK RATE (or
abbreviation BLK.RT.) in the permit imprint indicia. Broadly, the term can designate quantities
of mail prepared for mailing at reduced postage prices such as a presorted mailing of
catalogs that requires verification.
Bulk mail center: A highly mechanized mail processing plant that primarily received and
distributed Package Services parcels in piece and bulk form and Standard Mail parcels in
bulk form.
Bulk parcel: large number of parcels which aimed to be sent to a destination with cheaper
prices.
Bulk parcel return service: Bulk parcel return service (BPRS) allows mailers of large quantities
of standard mail machinable parcels that are either undeliverable-as-addressed or opened
and remailed by addressees to be returned to designated postal facilities.
Bundling: A marketing strategy that involves offering several products for sale as one
combined product.

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Business intelligence (BI): is a set of theories, methodologies, processes, architectures, and
technologies that transform raw data into meaningful and useful information for business
purposes. BI can handle large amounts of information to help identify and develop new
opportunities. Making use of new opportunities and implementing an effective strategy can
provide a competitive market advantage and long-term stability. BI technologies provide
historical, current and predictive views of business operations. Common functions of
business intelligence technologies are reporting, online analytical processing, analytics, data
mining, process mining, complex event processing, business performance management,
benchmarking, text mining, predictive analytics and prescriptive analytics.
Business mail: A general term applied to presorted mail that requires relatively advanced
preparation such as addressing, barcoding, sorting, and containerizing as opposed to retail
mail that consumers use and generally mail as individual pieces rather than in a mailing.
Business mail acceptance: The process of receiving mail from mailers for induction into the
mail stream and establishing and maintaining business mailing accounts, verifying the
preparation and eligibility of the mail, assessing proper postage, and charging the mailer’s
business account with the correct postage for each mailing. Business mail acceptance
generally takes place in a business mail entry unit or a detached mail unit.
Business mail entry unit: The area of a postal facility where mailers present bulk, presorted,
and permit mail for acceptance. The BMEU includes dedicated platform space, office space,
and a staging area on the workroom floor.
Business reply post (mail): A domestic service that allows a mailer to receive First-Class Mail
pieces back from customers and pay postage only for the pieces returned to the mailer from
the original distribution of BRM pieces. These pieces must have a specific address and
format. Postage and fees are collected when the mail is delivered back to the original mailer."

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C
Call center: A facility housing personnel who respond to customer phone queries. These
personnel may provide customer service or technical support. Call center services may be
in house or outsourced
Canals: Canals, or navigations, are human-made channels, or artificial waterways, for water
conveyance, or to service water transport vehicles.
CAO: is Iran's civil aviation agency. It is the statutory corporation which oversees and
regulates all aspects of civil aviation in Iran. The organization was established in July 1946
and investigates aviation accidents and incidents in Iran.
Card boards: is a generic term for heavy-duty paper-based products having greater
thickness and superior durability or other specific mechanical attributes to paper. It is used
in packing and packaging. It is often used for folding cartons, set-up boxes, carded
packaging.
Cargo: Goods or produce transported by ship, aircraft, or other intermodal vehicles such as
trains, vans or trucks.
Cargo Agents: An agent appointed by an airline or shipping line to solicit and process
international air and ocean freight for shipments. Cargo agents are paid commissions by the
airline or shipping line.
Cargo Aircraft: (also known as freight aircraft, freighter, airlifter or cargo jet) is a fixed-wing
aircraft that is designed or converted for the carriage of cargo rather than passengers. Such
aircraft usually do not incorporate passenger amenities and generally feature one or more
large doors for loading cargo. Freighters may be operated by civil passenger or cargo
airlines, by private individuals or by the armed forces of individual countries (for the last see
military transport aircraft).
Cargo Control Number (CCN): identifies both the carrier and shipment to the CBSA at the
time of reporting and when release documents are presented. The carrier code is combined
with a unique shipment number (chosen by the carrier) to create a cargo control number.

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Cargo owners: A cargo owner would literally mean the owner of the cargo. This could be
an individual or an organization who has/have paid for the cargo under some sort of a legal
contract. When goods are under transit, they are meant to reach the actual (end) owner and
it's normal in international trade for the title of the goods to change multiple hands before
reaching that owner.
Carrier: refers to a transportation system or organization which provides transit services from
a supplier to a destination. Carrier is primarily a transportation system like railways, trucks,
lorries, aero plane, ships, pipelines etc. which carry the product from source to destination.
Carrier Liability: Air and ocean carriers are normally liable for all damage, delay, and loss of
cargo except those arising from act of God, act of the shipper, and inherent nature of the
goods from acceptance of cargo through its delivery or release. Air carriers are usually liable
under Warsaw convention, and ocean carriers under Hague convention.
Central bank of Iran: is the central bank of Iran. Among its major purposes are maintenance
of the value of the national currency (Rial), balance of payments as well as facilitating trade
transactions and contributing to the economic advancement of the country. The Central
bank is in charge of laying and implementing monetary and credit policies of the country
Certificate of Origin (COO or C/O): A document attesting to the country of origin of goods.
A certificate of origin is often required by the customs authorities of a country as part of the
entry process. A certificate of origin may be required even though the commercial invoice
contains the information.
Charity mail: Charity Mail offers the option of a lower cost Regular timetable for non-time
critical mail, taking up to an additional 2 business days for delivery.
Claim: A legal demand by a shipper or consignee to a carrier for financial reimbursement
for a loss or damage of a shipment.
Clean mail: If a sender sending more than 300 machine-addressed letters, with no need to
barcode or sort, he/she can use clean mail service with a reduced postage rate.
COD: Payment method in which ordered goods are carried to the buyer's place but are
handed over only upon full payment. Also called collect on delivery.
Coding System: the software for generating unique codes for parcels and mails to be simply
tracked by tracking systems

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Cold Chain: A temperature-controlled supply chain. An unbroken cold chain is an
uninterrupted series of storage and distribution activities which maintain a given
temperature range. It is used to help extend and ensure the shelf life of products such as
fresh agricultural produce, seafood, frozen food, photographic film, chemicals and
pharmaceutical drugs.
Collection & Delivery Management System (CDMS): The collection & delivery management
system assists companies to locate and manage their manpower and products to be delivery
and collected in a timely and efficient manner
Commercial Invoice (C/I or CI): A commercial invoice is a document used in foreign trade.
It is used as a customs declaration provided by the person or corporation that is exporting
an item across international borders. Although there is no standard format, the document
must include a few specific pieces of information such as the parties involved in the shipping
transaction, the goods being transported, the country of manufacture, and the Harmonized
Tariff System codes for those goods. A commercial invoice must also include a statement
certifying that the invoice is true, and a signature.
Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV): Any self-propelled or towed vehicle used on public
highways in interstate commerce to transport passengers or property when 1) The vehicle
has a gross vehicle weight rating or gross combination weight rating of 10,001 or more
pounds; or 2) The vehicle is designed to transport more than 15 passengers, including the
driver; or 3) The vehicle is used in the transportation of hazardous materials in a quantity
requiring placarding under regulations issued by related regulator.
Commodity: A basic good used in commerce that is interchangeable with other
commodities of the same type. Commodities are most often used as inputs in the production
of other goods or services. The quality of a given commodity may differ slightly, but it is
essentially uniform across producers.
Commodity Code: A system for identifying a given commodity by a number in order to
establish its commodity rate in freight transport.
Competition Mail: A company can get a free Post Office Box for the duration of its
competition to receive its customer mails. The company can also get a postage rebate on
every full stamped entry sent to its box, over a minimum number.
Compliance Management System: Quite simply a Compliance Management System, or CMS
for short, is a comprehensive compliance program. A CMS is an integrated system

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comprised of written documents, functions, processes, controls, and tools that help an
organization comply with legal requirements and minimize harm to consumers due to
violations of law
Consignee: The person or firm named in a freight contract to whom goods have been
shipped or turned over for care.
Consignment: The act of consigning, which is placing any material in the hands of another,
but retaining ownership until the goods are sold or person is transferred. This may be done
for shipping, transfer of goods to auction, or for sale in a store. Consignment goods are sent
to the agent for the purpose of sale and the ownership of these goods remains with the
sender. The agent sells the goods on behalf of the sender, according to his/her instructions.
The sender of goods is known as consignor and the agent is known as the consignee.
Consignor: The individual, company or entity that ships goods, or gives goods to another
for care. The consignor is usually the exporter or his agent.
Consolidation Cargo: shipping method in which a freight forwarder at the port of origin
combines several individual consignments to make up a full container load. This
arrangement allows the goods to be shipped as containerized-cargo that offers greater
security at lower shipping rates. At the port of destination, the consolidated shipment is
separated (deconsolidated or ungrouped) back into the original individual consignments for
delivery to their respective consignees.
Consolidators: A firm which groups together orders from different companies into one
shipment
Consumer rights Support Organization: A government institution that has been established
to inspect and monitor the prices and distribution of goods and services
Container: A container or trailer loaded with cargo from more than one shipper; loads that
do not by themselves meet the container load or truckload requirements.
Container Freight Station (CFS): A carrier-designated facility at which (export) less than
container load (LCL) cargo is received from consignors for consolidation and loading into
containers or at which (import) LCL cargo is unloaded from containers and delivered to
consignees.
Continuous Bonds (CB): cover multiple transactions. Continuous Bonds are usually 10% of
the duties, taxes and fees paid by the importer during the previous 12 months, and are valid
until it is canceled either by the importer or the surety.3

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Contract Carrier: Before January 1, 1996, this was a company that provided for-hire truck
transportation to specific, individual shippers based upon private contracts between the
carrier and each shipper, stipulating the services offered and the prices charged to each.
Corporate P.O.BOX: Annual P.O Box rental for all companies that wish to rent a P.O. Box.
(e.g. Emirates Post)
Country wide same day delivery for mail: best choice for customer mission-critical domestic
mail deliveries, offering immediate collection and door-to-door delivery.
Courier Service: Courier service refers to the fast or quick, door to door pickup and delivery
service for goods or documents. It can be local or international. Courier services are
distinguished from ordinary mail and other modes of delivery services based upon their
speed, security, tracking features, swift delivery, etc. Courier services are expensive
compared to other modes of mail service and are usually considered important when one
of the above mentioned features is of importance to the user of the service. (other);In the
Services Sectoral Classification List, subsector 2B on courier services is cross referenced to
UNCPC item 7512 which contains two sub items (1) multi-modal courier services consisting
of pick-up, transport and delivery services, whether for domestic or foreign destinations of
letters, parcels and packages rendered by courier and using one or more modes of transport
; and (2) other courier services for goods, not elsewhere classified, e.g. trucking or transfer
services without storage, for freight.
CRA: Communications Regulatory Authority was established in 2003 by virtue of article 7
of Law of Scope of Duties and Powers of Ministry of Information and Communication
Technology, by combination of Deputy minister for Telecommunication Affairs Directorate
General of Telecommunications. The aim of establishing of CRA was to execute
governmental powers as well as supervision and executive powers of the Ministry of
Information and Communication Technology in the sector of Radio and Communication
Regulatory so that as a supervisory foundation, it could pave the grounds for competitive
market of telecommunication and increment, promotion and optimization of service quality.
Running the secretariat and supervising over execution of ratifications of Communications
Regulatory Commission is another part of the CRA's duties.
Crating service provider: the company or department that pack (something) in a crate for
transportation. Crating means building a wooden crate to protect delicate items such as
marble, pictures and chandeliers. Crating is part of packing — if it is necessary.

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CRM: is a technology for managing all company's relationships and interactions with its
customers and potential customers.
Cross docking: Cross-docking is a practice in logistics of unloading materials from an
incoming semi-trailer truck or railroad car and loading these materials directly into outbound
trucks, trailers, or rail cars, with little or no storage in between. This may be done to change
the type of conveyance, to sort material intended for different destinations, or to combine
material from different origins into transport vehicles (or containers) with the same or similar
destinations.
Crowd Source Delivery: Crowdsourced delivery is one model gaining popularity — it
leverages local, nonprofessional couriers to get packages to customers' doors, sometimes
in less than an hour.
Cube Utilization: Loading a truck or other transportation vehicle with merchandise in order
to fill as much of the horizontal and vertical space as possible.
Curtain trailers: A curtain trailer is similar to a box trailer, except that the sides are movable
curtains that give easy access to the cargo. And almost all of a firms curtain trailers can be
transported on railway carriages. We use curtain trailers for most shipments.
Customer/Businesses: Any Business entities who needs carrier/courier services in Iran to
deliver a mail, parcel or any other item to a recipient or vice versa
Customer/Corporate: Any Corporate who wants/needs to send/receive a mail, parcel or any
other item or distribute its products among its channel
Customer/Government: Any Governmental or State entity who wants/needs to send/receive
a mail, parcel or any other item or distribute items among a large number of corporates or
Individuals.
Customer/Individuals: Any individuals who wants/needs to send/receive a mail, parcel or
any other item
Customer/SME: Any Small/Medium who wants/needs to send/receive a mail, parcel or any
other item or send its products to corporates or Individuals.
Customer/Startups: Any Startups who wants/needs to send/receive (bring back) its products
to corporates or individuals
Customs Bonded Warehouse: A Customs bonded warehouse is a building or other secured
area in which imported dutiable merchandise may be stored, manipulated, or undergo

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manufacturing operations without payment of duty for up to 5 years from the date of
importation.
Customs Broker or Customs House Broker (CHB): An individual or firm licensed to
represent an importer or exporter in front of customs authorities. A customs broker must
ordinarily be authorized to act as such by the local government. The broker files the
appropriate paperwork and helps ensure that the goods being imported comply with all
applicable regulations. A customs broker is also called a Customs House Broker, especially
in the United States.
Customs Brokerage: A profession that involves the "clearing" of goods through customs
barriers for importers and exporters (usually businesses). This involves the preparation of
documents and/or electronic submissions, the calculation and payment of taxes, duties and
excises, and facilitating communication between government authorities and importers and
exporters.
Customs Clearance: The documented permission to pass that a national customs authority
grants to imported goods so that they can enter the country or to exported goods so that
they can leave the country. The custom clearance is typically given to a shipping agent to
prove that all applicable customs duties have been paid and the shipment has been
approved.
Customs Declaration: An oral or written statement attesting to the correctness of description,
quantity, value, etc., of merchandise offered for importation into a country.
Customs Duty: Is a tariff or tax imposed on goods when transported across international
borders. The purpose of Customs Duty is to protect each country's economy, residents, jobs,
environment, etc., by controlling the flow of goods, especially restrictive and prohibited
goods, into and out of the country.
Customs organization: is an I.R.R authority responsible for collecting tariffs and for
controlling the flow of goods, including animals, transports, personal, and hazardous items,
into and out of a country

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D
Dangerous Goods: are solids, liquids, or gases that can harm people, other living organisms,
property, or the environment. They are often subject to chemical regulations. Dangerous
goods include materials that are radioactive, flammable, explosive, corrosive, oxidizing,
asphyxiating, biohazardous, toxic, pathogenic, or allergenic. Also included are physical
conditions such as compressed gases and liquids or hot materials, including all goods
containing such materials or chemicals, or may have other characteristics that render them
hazardous in specific circumstances. (Also referred to as Hazardous Materials)
Data warehouse: data warehouse (DW or DWH), also known as an enterprise data
warehouse (EDW), is a system used for reporting and data analysis, and is considered a core
component of business intelligence. DWs are central repositories of integrated data from
one or more disparate sources. They store current and historical data in one single place
that are used for creating analytical reports for workers throughout the enterprise.
Dead Heading Operating: a motor vehicle or vessel without a load of cargo. The term most
commonly applies to the trucking industry and refers to either the return trip from delivering
a cargo, or driving empty to a location in order to pick up cargo. Dead heading is considered
a waste of resources and avoided whenever possible.
Declared Value: The value of goods declared to the carrier by the shipper for the purposes
of determining charges, or of establishing the limit of the carrier’s liability for loss, damage,
or delay.
Delivery Appointment: An agreement between two companies whereby goods are
scheduled to arrive at a specified time and location.
Delivery by Drone: is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) delivery utilized to transport
packages, food or other goods.
Delivery by locker: parcel receiver can choose from different convenient locations including
Post Offices, train stations, petrol stations and supermarkets for receiving his/her parcel.
Parcel Lockers are free, secure, easy to use and most are available 24/7.

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Demurrage: a) The detention of a freight car or ship by the shipper beyond time permitted
(grace period) for loading or unloading; b) The extra charges a shipper pays for detaining a
freight car or ship beyond time permitted for loading or unloading.
Denied Parties List (DPL): A list of individuals and entities that have been denied export
privileges. Any dealings with a party on this list that would violate the terms of its denial
order are prohibited.6
Dimensional Weight (DimWt): A term used in shipping and freight - a billing technique which
takes into account the length, width, and height of a package.
Direct marketing service: Advertising mail, also known as direct mail (by its senders), junk
mail (by its recipients), mailshot or ad-mail, is the delivery of advertising material to recipients
of postal mail. Advertising mail includes advertising circulars, plastic mailers, coupon
envelopes (Money Mailer, Valpak), catalogs, CDs, pre-approved credit card applications, and
other commercial merchandising materials delivered to homes and businesses. It may be
addressed to pre-selected individuals, or unaddressed and delivered on a neighborhood-
by-neighborhood basis.
Direct thermal / thermal transfer labels: Commonly used for shipping labels, receipts, name
tags, picking and event tickets, direct thermal labels do not require ink, toner or a transfer
ribbon. The label has a special heat-activated layer where a black print image is formed on
the label as heat from the print head is applied.
Direct-to-Store Delivery (DSD): Process of shipping directly from a manufacturer's facility to
the customer's store, which enables the distribution center to be bypassed, hopefully
reducing cost.
Dispatch: A procedure for assigning workers or vehicles to customers. With vehicle
dispatching, clients are matched to vehicles according to the order in which clients called
and the proximity of vehicles to each client's pick-up location. With home or commercial
service dispatching, customers usually schedule services in advance and the dispatching
occurs the morning of the scheduled service. Depending on the type of service, workers are
dispatched individually or in teams of two or more. Dispatchers have to coordinate worker
availability, skill, travel time and availability of parts. The skills required of a dispatcher are
greatly enhanced with the use of computer dispatching software.
Distribution Center (DC): Is a warehouse or other specialized building, often with
refrigeration or air conditioning, which is stocked with products (goods) to be redistributed

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to retailers, to wholesalers, or directly to consumers. A distribution center is a principal part,
the order processing element, of the entire order fulfillment process.
Distributor: A person or company that supplies stores or businesses with goods.
DMS (Document management system): A document management system (DMS) is a system
(based on computer programs in the case of the management of digital documents) used
to track, manage and store documents and reduce paper. Most are capable of keeping a
record of the various versions created and modified by different users (history tracking).
Dock Appointment Scheduling System: is a collaborative solution that enables shippers,
retailers, suppliers, carriers and consignees to schedule dock door appointments.
Drayage: The transportation of goods over short distances, often as part of a longer overall
move and is typically completed in a single work shift. Some research defines it specifically
as "a truck pickup from or delivery to a seaport, border point, inland port, or intermodal
terminal with both the trip origin and destination in the same urban area.
Drop Shipment: A shipment of goods from a manufacturer directly to a dealer or consumer,
avoiding shipment to the wholesaler (drop shipper). The wholesaler, however, is
compensated for taking the order.
Dry containers: Dry containers 20' and 40' (general purpose) are manufactured from either
aluminum or steel. They are suitable for most types of cargo. Aluminum dry containers have
a slightly larger payload than steel, and steel dry containers have a slightly larger internal
cube.
Dunnage: Typically, wooden timbers, blocks, beams, shims, planks or other materials used
to block and brace a piece of freight when loaded on the deck of a truck or inside of a
shipping container.
Duty (Customs): Duty is a tariff or tax imposed on goods when transported across
international borders. The purpose of Customs Duty is to protect each country's economy,
residents, jobs, environment, etc., by controlling the flow of goods, especially restrictive and
prohibited goods, into and out of the country.3
Duty Free Zone: Bounded and bonded area where foreign merchandise is brought in
without import duties, for further processing or re-exporting. Import-duty must be paid on
these goods if they are released in the local market.

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E
E-commerce: Is a type of industry where the buying and selling of products or services is
conducted over electronic systems such as the Internet and other computer networks.
Electronic commerce draws on technologies such as mobile commerce, electronic funds
transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing,
electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data
collection systems.
Education: is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills,
values, beliefs, and habits
Electricity: Electrical energy is the energy newly derived from electric potential energy or
kinetic energy.
Electronic Consignment Security Declaration (eCSD): The e-CSD allows operators to
exchange and archive security information electronically to warrant that only secure cargo
is shipped. This electronic document can also be audited by regulators at any point in the
supply-chain and printed from electronic records.
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): a) The transfer of structured data, by agreed message
standards, from one computer application to another by electronic means and with a
minimum of human intervention; b) The electronic exchange of documents between
businesses and organizations, or between businesses and government agencies.
Electronic Devices Delivery shipping electronics internationally and locally is not easy, be it
laptops, mobile phones or any other electronic devices. And with every advancement in
technology, comes another device which people may want to transport from one place to
another. It is common to find a desired gadget for a lower price in a different county. Since
electronic devices are usually valuable and delicate, someone should make sure that a
shipping know how to pack electronics for shipping. Electronics contain thousands of tiny,
fragile parts. These parts and electronics cases are often made of hard plastic that can easily
dent or break from impact. It is important to exercise the utmost care when packing
electronics for shipping both because they are delicate and because electronics often

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require extra packing steps to be taken due to the nature of their contents. Use these steps
to ship electronics safely.
Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT): Is the electronic exchange, transfer of money from one
account to another, either within a single financial institution or across multiple institutions,
through computer-based systems.
Electronic Logging Device (ELD): An electronic logging device, or ELD is technology that
automatically records a driver's driving time and other aspects of the hours-of-service (HOS)
records. This allows for easier, more accurate HOS recordkeeping. An ELD monitors a
vehicle's engine to capture data on whether the engine is running, whether the vehicle is
moving, miles driven, and duration of the engine operation (engine hours). ELD
manufacturer must certify that ELDs meet technical standards in the ELD rule.
Electronic On-Board Recorder (EOBR): An electronic device attached to a commercial motor
vehicle, which is used to record the amount of time a vehicle is being driven. This is similar
to the tachograph, and is the American equivalent of the digital tachograph used in Europe.
Emergency medical delivery service: Medical couriers are highly trained professionals who
deliver medical supplies and products to a wide variety of medical facilities. they deliver to
hospitals, labs, clinics, doctors' offices, pharmacies and research facilities. Depending on the
type of delivery and what is being shipped, a specific type of vehicle may be needed.
Envelope: a flat paper container with a sealable flap, used to enclose a letter or document.
Exchange office: A facility that dispatches and receives international mail going to and
received from designated operators.
Export: A function of international trade whereby goods produced in one country are
shipped to another country for future sale or trade. The sale of such goods adds to the
producing nation's gross output. If used for trade, exports are exchanged for other products
or services. Exports are one of the oldest forms of economic transfer, and occur on a large
scale between nations that have fewer restrictions on trade, such as tariffs or subsidies.
Exporter Identification Number: An identification number given to good exporters in the
United States. The identification number is required to be displayed on all shipments and is
shown on the Shipper's Export Declaration.
Express mail service: Express mail is an accelerated mail delivery service for which the
customer pays a surcharge and receives faster delivery. Express mail is a service for

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domestic and international mail and is in most countries governed by a country's own postal
administration.

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F
Fashion items pack: special packages and packing for transportation of fashion items
regarding their sensitivity on absorbing color, getting out of shape, being cut and….
Fax mail service: enables customers to receive faxes directly to their email inbox.
Financial institute: otherwise known as banking institutions, are corporations which provide
services as intermediaries of financial markets. Broadly speaking, there are three major types
of financial institutions: 1-Depository institutions – deposit-taking institutions that accept and
manage deposits and make loans, including banks, building societies, credit unions, trust
companies, and mortgage loan companies; 2-Contractual institutions – insurance
companies and pension funds; 3-Investment institutions – investment banks, underwriters,
brokerage firms.
Financial system software: financial system software is special application software that
records all the financial activity within a business organization. Basic features of this system
not only includes all the modules of accounting software like accounts payable, accounts
receivable, ledger, reporting modules and payroll but also to explore alternative investment
choices and calculate statistical relationships.
First class mail : with this service, people can send postcards, letters, small envelopes and
other thin documents such as invoices. they can also send thick mailers and packages
weighing up to 13 ounces through First-Class Mail service.
Flat rack containers: Flat rack containers are especially suitable for heavy loads and cargo
that needs loading from the top or sides, such as pipes and machinery. Flat rack containers
are manufactured from steel and come in 20' and 40' sizes.
Flatbed: Is a type of trailer on a truck that consists of a floor and no sides or roof.
Fleet Management Systems: Fleet Management solution supports end to end in-house fleet
management aiming to increase the availability of fleet and reduce TCO (Total Cost of
Operations). It provides complete asset visibility, helps track the asset condition; plan

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maintenance activities; carry out essential repairs; create maintenance budgets and manage
the complete life cycle of the assets.
Foam peanuts: also known as packing peanuts, or packing noodles are a common loose-fill
packaging and cushioning material used to prevent damage to fragile objects during
shipping. They are shaped to interlock when compressed and free flow when not
compressed. They are roughly the size and shape of an unshelled peanut and commonly
made of expanded polystyrene foam. 50–75 millimeters (2-3 in) of peanuts are typically used
for cushioning and void filling packaging applications
For-Hire Carrier: A company that provides truck transportation of cargo belonging to others
and is paid for doing so
Free on Board (FOB): Meaning that the buyer pays for transportation of the goods. Specific
terms of the agreement can vary widely, in particular which party (buyer or seller) pays for
which shipment and loading costs, and/or where responsibility for the goods is transferred.
The last distinction is important for determining liability or risk of loss for goods lost or
damaged in transit from the seller to the buyer. International shipments typically use "FOB"
as defined by the Incoterm standards, where it always stands for ‘Free On Board’.
Free Trade Zone (FTZ) : A free trade zone (FTZ) or export processing zone (EPZ), also called
foreign-trade zone, formerly free port, is an area within which goods may be landed,
handled, manufactured or reconfigured, and re-exported without the intervention of the
customs authorities. Only when the goods are moved to consumers within the country in
which the zone is located do they become subject to the prevailing customs duties. Free-
trade zones are organized around major seaports, international airports, and national
frontiers—areas with many geographic advantages for trade.
Freezer labels: Labels used in cold temperature applications need to reliably stay in place
and also resist damage from moisture. Resistance to damage from abrasion and smearing
are also often a factor. Adhesives need to perform when temperatures drop, but in some
applications, also hold when labels are applied at cold or frigid temperatures.
Freight Auditing Software: freight Auditing tools will cross-reference data to help a firm
reconcile shipping costs vs. projected quotes.
Freight Collect: A term used in the freight moving business that means that the freight will
be paid by the person receiving the freight.

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Freight Forwarder (FF): A freight forwarder, forwarder, or forwarding agent, is a person or
company that organizes shipments for individuals or corporations to get goods from the
manufacturer or producer to a market, customer or final point of distribution. Forwarders
contract with a carrier to move the goods. A forwarder does not move the goods but acts
as an expert in supply chain management. A forwarder contracts with carriers to move cargo
ranging from raw agricultural products to manufactured goods. Freight can be booked on
a variety of shipping providers, including ships, airplanes, trucks, and railroads. It is not
unusual for a single shipment to move on multiple carrier types. International freight
forwarders have additional expertise in preparing and processing customs and other
documentation and performing activities pertaining to international shipments.
Freight Forwarder Bill of Lading (FBL): A receipt for the goods shipped with other cargo as
one consignment, typically a full container. Consolidation is done to take advantage of better
freight rates. Freight forwarder or consolidator issues it to the shipper. The forwarder is the
consignor, forwarder's agent at the destination is the consignee. This receipt can be used or
negotiated for acceptance by the importer's bank to stand as the basis of payment under a
letter of credit, if not specifically prohibited.
Freight forwarding: Freight forwarding is the coordination and shipment of goods from one
place to another via a single or multiple carriers via air, marine, rail or highway.
Fuel: is any material that can be made to react with other substances so that it releases
energy as heat energy or to be used for work.
Fulfillment: It is the term used to describe the complete process used by a company from
the point of sale onward to the delivery of a product to a customer.
Fulfillment center: Fulfillment centers enable ecommerce merchants to outsource
warehousing and shipping. This relieves online business of the necessary physical space to
store all products, which is beneficial for merchants without the capacity to directly manage
inventory. Sellers send merchandise to the fulfillment center, and the outsourced provider
ships it to customers for them.
Fulfillment cloud: Fulfilment Cloud is an end-to-end pick, pack and distribution service. A
company can outsource its order fulfilment & returns processing to Cloud Fulfilment, leaving
it to concentrate on growing its business. Fulfillment cloud is a cloud base software than can
be available on any device - with it businesses can manage their inventory, view the progress
of their orders and manage returns in real time, from anywhere in the world. With Fulfilment

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Cloud, they get access to an online portal that shows in real time what's happening in the
warehouse environment.
Fulfillment House: A company that specializes in product fulfillment services, on behalf of
the product owner.
Full Container Load (FCL): A shipment of cargo that fills a given container either by bulk or
maximum weight.
Full container loads (FCL): means that all goods in the container are listed on one Bill of
Lading, and as such are owned by one party. It does not matter how full the container is.
Payment is made on the basis of one container.
Full truck load (FTL): means enough products (which can be bulk/liquid) to fill a Full Truck
Load, or a dedicated truck is preferred for a partial load due to safety or security
considerations

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G
Garments on hanger’s containers: Garments on hangers (GOH) containers give customers
the option of using a string or bar system, or a combination of both. The GOH containers
offer increased flexibility, greater internal load capacity and savings on transportation and
handling costs. GOH containers are available in 20' and 40' sizes.
Gateway Point: at which freight moving from one territory to another is interchanged
between transportation lines.
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP): The common set of accounting
principles, standards and procedures that companies use to compile their financial
statements. GAAP are a combination of authoritative standards (set by policy boards) and
simply the commonly accepted ways of recording and reporting accounting information.
Geographic Information System (GIS): A geographic information system (GIS) is a system
designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of
geographical data. The acronym GIS is sometimes used for geographical information
science or geospatial information studies to refer to the academic discipline or career of
working with geographic information systems and is a large domain within the broader
academic discipline of Geo-informatics. In the simplest terms, GIS is the merging of
cartography, statistical analysis, and computer science technology.
Global Freight Exchange System: is an airfreight solution. Airfreight carriers can distribute
real-time product, routing, capacity and rate information to their forwarders worldwide via
their leading air e-cargo solution. Airfreight forwarders can access carrier information easily
and make electronic bookings 24 hours a day 7 days a week, via a simple web browser (no
software installation required
Global Positioning System (GPS): The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based
satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather
conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to
four or more GPS satellites. The system provides critical capabilities to military, civil and
commercial users around the world. It is maintained by the United States government and
is freely accessible to anyone with a GPS receiver.

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Global Trade Management: The total optimization of the end-to-end international Supply-
Chain, from product conception to final delivery — with focus on the integration of key
cross-border regulatory, strategic and system components — to ensure a seamless, secure,
and cost-effective flow of goods, data and payments, across international borders.
Governmental mail delivery: delivering governmental/state documents, passport, tax
letters, ….
Green Supply Chain Management: The evaluation and modification of an organization’s
entire supply chain – from design, planning, purchasing, sourcing, and managing the use of
materials to shipping and distributing final products – with an emphasis on reducing its
environmental impact and creating a cost savings.
GS1: GS1 is an international not-for-profit association with Member Organizations in over
100 countries. GS1 is dedicated to the design and implementation of global standards and
solutions to improve the efficiency and visibility of supply and demand chains globally and
across sectors. The GS1 system of standards is the most widely used supply chain standards
system in the world.

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H
Handling Costs: Costs related to moving, transferring, or preparing inventory for shipment,
but not the shipping charges themselves.
Harmonized System/Harmonized Schedule (HS): is an internationally standardized system
of names and numbers for classifying traded products developed and maintained by the
World Customs Organization (WCO) (formerly the Customs Co-operation Council), an
independent intergovernmental organization with over 170 member countries based in
Brussels, Belgium.
Hazardous Materials: are solids, liquids, or gases that can harm people, other living
organisms, property, or the environment. They are often subject to chemical regulations.
Hazardous Materials include materials that are radioactive, flammable, explosive, corrosive,
oxidizing, asphyxiating, biohazardous, toxic, pathogenic, or allergenic. Also included are
physical conditions such as compressed gases and liquids or hot materials, including all
goods containing such materials or chemicals, or may have other characteristics that render
them hazardous in specific circumstances. (Also referred to as Dangerous Goods)
High cube dry containers: High cube dry containers ensure that customer gain an extra foot
in height compared with dry containers. The high cube dry containers are ideal for light,
voluminous or bulky cargo. These extra volume containers are made in 40' and 45' sizes in
steel and aluminum.
Holiday Shipping: Holiday Shipping is the transfer and shipment of parcel, mail and couriers
on holidays.
Hotshot: Hot shot trucking refers to a type of for-hire-freight hauled by a Class 3 to 5 truck
in combination with different trailer types. The term itself is often loosely used to describe a
variety of freight types. Sometimes expedited freight runs are called hot shot
House Air Waybill (HAWB): A bill of lading issued by a freight forwarder for consolidated air
freight shipments. In documentary letter of credit transactions HAWBs are treated exactly
the same as conventional air waybills, provided they indicate that the issuer itself assumes

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the liability as carrier or is acting as the agent of a named carrier, or if the credit expressly
permits the acceptance of a HAWB.
HR Management System: A Human Resource Management System or HRIS (Human
Resource Information System) is a form of HR software that combines a number of systems
and processes to ensure the easy management of human resources, business processes and
data. Human Resources Software is used by businesses to combine a number of necessary
HR functions, such as storing employee data, managing payrolls, recruitment processes,
benefits administration and keeping track of attendance records. It ensures everyday Human
Resources processes are manageable and easy to access
Hub: A common connection point for devices in a network. Referenced for a transportation
network as in hub and spoke which is common in the airline and trucking industry.
Hub management System: Hub Management solution caters to the need of managing In-
Transit Hubs. This includes activities of arrival, departure, parent-child execution, resource
planning, carrier scheduling etc. Goods arriving in a Transit Hub can be deconsolidated,
segregated and then consolidated back again to be shipped out
Humanitarian Aid logistics: is a branch of logistics which specializes in organizing the delivery
and warehousing of supplies during natural disasters or complex emergencies to the
affected area and people.
Hundredweight (CWT): A unit of measurement for weight used in certain commodities
trading contracts. In North America, a hundredweight is equal to 100 pounds and is also
known as a short hundredweight. In Britain, a hundredweight is 112 pounds and is also known
as a long hundredweight.
Hybrid mail: is mail that is delivered using a combination of electronic and physical delivery.
Usually, it involves digital data being transformed into physical letter items at distributed
print centers located as close as possible to the final delivery addresses

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IJK
ID Authentication Service: Authentication is the process of verifying the claimed identity of
an individual, workstation, or originator. While identification is accomplished through a log-
on ID, authentication is achieved when the user provides the correct password, personal
identification number (PIN), or other authenticator associated with that identifier. Personnel
must be required to identify and authenticate themselves to the information resource before
being allowed to perform any other actions.
Igloo Pallet: or container used in air transportation; the igloo shape fits the internal wall
contours of a cargo airplane.
Impact mail: The Impact Mail service lets customers send addressed mail pieces in virtually
any shape. They can also use varying materials such as metal, wood, fabric or leather.
Import: A good brought into a jurisdiction, especially across a national border, from an
external source. The purchaser of the exotic good is called an importer. An import in the
receiving country is an export from the sending country. Importation and exportation are
the defining financial transactions of international trade. In international trade, the
importation and exportation of goods are limited by import quotas and mandates from the
customs authority. The importing and exporting jurisdictions may impose a tariff (tax) on the
goods. In addition, the importation and exportation of goods are subject to trade
agreements between the importing and exporting jurisdictions
Import Duty: A tax collected on imports and some exports by the customs authorities of a
country. This tax is used to raise state revenue. It is based on the value of goods called ad
valorem duty or the weight, dimensions, or other criteria of the item such as its size. Also
referred to as customs duty, tariff, import tax and import tariff.
In branch delivery: Sender can choose where he/she wants his/her item to be delivered.
he/she can receive his/her small packages and parcels local to him/her every time at one of
the many post offices or delivery points, for example at a locker or supermarket on his/her
way to work

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Inbound in to customs clearance service: Means that the cargo is allowed into the country,
but it has to comply with certain requirements: 1-the carrier has to be bonded with customs
2- the cargo will go to a bonded warehouse and will be cleared and processed for release
at such warehouse, Basically, when you go inbound means you don’t stop for customs
clearance, but not everyone is authorized to do so and not every warehouse is bonded
either.
Inbound Logistics: The entire process of planning, acquiring and controlling the flow of raw
materials, components, parts, sub-assemblies and components from outside sources
(vendors, suppliers, and subsidiaries) into a production process. Inbound logistics can occur
directly from the outside supplier to the production floor or indirectly through intermediate
storage facilities.
Inbound Logistics Management: The act of managing the movement of materials from
shippers and vendors into production processes or storage facilities.
Inland Carrier: In transportation, company in the business of meeting goods at a port of
entry and shipping them to a point inside the continent.
In-memory optimization Engine: Is a multi-agent based In-memory Planning & Optimization
engine that provides optimal solutions to complex business situations under multiple
constraints. All this is done real time & in-memory. In logistics space it is used for optimal
resource utilization - like vehicle capacity, schedule, routes etc.
Insurance: A Special Service available for certain mail classes and products for merchandise
insurance liability. It is available as regular insurance (FirstClass Mail service, Package Services
mail, Parcel Select service, and Priority Mail service), bulk insurance (Standard Mail service
only), and Priority Mail Express insurance. Insurance is also available as an international
service.
Insurance companies: A business that provides coverage, in the form of compensation
resulting from loss, damages, injury, treatment or hardship in exchange for premium
payments. The company calculates the risk of occurrence then determines the cost to
replace (pay for) the loss to determine the premium amount.
Integrated Import Declaration (IID): reporting tool for electronic reporting of regulated
commercial imports between participating government departments and the industry.
Integrated Logistics services platform: integrated logistics platform integrates the sea/land
interfaces with the inland logistics equation. The capability of integrating different forms of

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interfaces relies on the port organization to support supply chain coordination in which all
member firms work closely as if one single domain, adopt key business process integration
by identifying linkages to logistics activities, and to enhance system optimization that allows
supply chain visibility for the entire system. (other) System-wide management platform
manage entire logistics chain as a single entity, instead of separate management of
individual logistical functions.
Intelligence agency: is the primary intelligence agency of the Islamic Republic of Iran and a
member of the Iran Intelligence Community
Interactive Voice Response (IVR): is a technology that allows a computer to interact with
humans through the use of voice and DTMF tones input via keypad. IVR allows customers
to interact with a company’s host system via a telephone keypad or by speech recognition,
after which they can service their own inquiries by following the IVR dialogue. IVR systems
can respond with prerecorded or dynamically generated audio to further direct users on
how to proceed. IVR applications can be used to control almost any function where the
interface can be broken down into a series of simple interactions. IVR systems deployed in
the network are sized to handle large call volumes.
Intermodal Terminal: A location where links between different transportation modes and
networks connect. Using more than one mode of transportation in moving persons and
goods. For example, a shipment moved over 1,000 miles could travel by truck for one portion
of the trip, and then transfer to rail at a designated terminal.
Intermodal Transport: The coordinated transport of freight, especially in connection with
relatively long-haul movements using any combination of freight forwarders, piggyback,
containerization, air freight, ocean freight, assemblers, or motor carriers.
Internal Transaction Number (ITN): is the Automated Export System (AES) generated
number assigned to a shipment confirming that the Electronic Export Information (EEI) was
accepted and is on file in the AES.
International Air Transport Association (IATA): is the trade association for the world’s
airlines, representing some 240 airlines or 84% of total air traffic. They support many areas
of aviation activity and help formulate industry policy on critical aviation issues.
International Commercial Terms (Incoterms): The Incoterms rules are an internationally
recognized standard and are used worldwide in international and domestic contracts for the
sale of goods. First published in 1936, Incoterms rules provide internationally accepted

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definitions and rules of interpretation for most common commercial terms. The rules have
been developed and maintained by experts and practitioners brought together by the
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and have become the standard in international
business rules setting.
International expedited: Expedited shipping, by definition, is the process of sending a parcel
at a faster rate than would normally be customary. Therefore, what is deemed expedited will
depend on the company policy of the shipper. Expedited shipping can involve delivery that
occurs anywhere from the same day to as long as three days.
International Express mail: International Express mail is a service in which urgent letters,
documents, banking bills, samples and goods will be delivered from and to other countries
with fast speed and high reliability.
International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code): Is an international guideline
to the safe transportation or shipment of dangerous goods or hazardous materials by water
on vessel. IMDG Code is intended to protect crew members and to prevent marine pollution
in the safe transportation of hazardous materials by vessel. It is recommended to
governments for adoption or for use as the basis for national regulations.
International Maritime Organization (IMO) is the United Nations specialized agency with
responsibility for the safety and security of shipping and the prevention of marine pollution
by ships.6
International Postal Transport Hub: an international transport hub is a place where
passengers and cargo are exchanged between vehicles or between transport modes.
International premium delivery: An urgent Door to Door International delivery within one to
three days to a specified address
International Reply Paid: If a company send or promote products or services that will need
a response from customers by mail, Reply Paid International service and International Reply
Coupons is the simple and cost-effective solution. With Reply Paid International service,
postage for customer is free and company only pay for the responses it receives. It's
available worldwide for small letters up to 50g.
International Same day delivery: best choice for mission-critical international shipments,
offering immediate collection and door-to-door delivery.
Internet payment gateways (IPG): IPG (Internet Payment Gateway) is one of the electronic
payment gateways through which allow payments for non-participation is possible. If a

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customer purchase through a web site, through online payment gateway he/she can pay
his/her purchase amount. If he/she have an Internet shop, by putting links on his/her site,
sums received from the buyer and transferred to his/her account.
Internet service providers: is an organization that provides services for accessing, using, or
participating in the Internet. Internet service providers may be organized in various forms,
such as commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise privately owned.
Internet/intranet: is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the
Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link devices worldwide. It is a network of networks that
consists of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global
scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies
Interpol: is the international organization that facilitates international police cooperation. It
was established as the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC) in 1923; it chose
INTERPOL as its telegraphic address in 1946, and made it its common name in 1956
Interstate Commerce: Interstate commerce refers to the purchase, sale or exchange of
commodities, transportation of people, money or goods, and navigation of waters between
different states. Interstate commerce is regulated by the federal government as authorized
under Article I of the U.S. Constitution. The federal government can also regulate commerce
within a state when it may impact interstate movement of goods and services and may strike
down state actions which are barriers to such movement.
Inventory: is the goods and materials that a business holds for the ultimate goal of resale
(or repair)
Invoice: Is a commercial document issued by a seller to a buyer, relating to a sale transaction
and indicating the products, quantities, and agreed prices for products or services the seller
has provided the buyer. Payment terms are usually stated on the invoice. These may specify
that the buyer has a maximum number of days in which to pay, and is sometimes offered a
discount if paid before the due date. The buyer could have already paid for the products or
services listed on the invoice.
Invoice management system (e-billing): Invoice Management System is a cloud based
product primarily targeting at small and medium business to create and manage their
invoices. Companies exchange enormous number of invoices daily, both in electronic and
paper formats. The real obstacle lies on how efficiently and quickly the invoicing process is
handled from order initiation to delivery and payment for goods or services. An invoice

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management system helps to simplify and organize this process and thereby enhance
process transparency.
IoT technology: The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical devices, vehicles, home
appliances, and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and
connectivity which enables these things to connect and exchange data, creating
opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into computer-based systems,
resulting in efficiency improvements, economic benefits, and reduced human exertions
IVR system: Interactive voice response (IVR) is a technology that allows a computer to
interact with humans through the use of voice and DTMF tones input via a keypad. In
telecommunications, IVR allows customers to interact with a company’s host system via a
telephone keypad or by speech recognition, after which services can be inquired about
through the IVR dialogue. IVR systems can respond with pre-recorded or dynamically
generated audio to further direct users on how to proceed. IVR systems deployed in the
network are sized to handle large call volumes and also used for outbound calling, as IVR
systems are more intelligent than many predictive dialer systems.
Just in Time (JIT): An inventory strategy companies employ to increase efficiency and
decrease waste by receiving goods only as they are needed in the production process,
thereby reducing inventory costs. This method requires that producers are able to accurately
forecast demand.
Key Performance Indicators (KPI): is a type of performance measurement. An organization
may use KPIs to evaluate its success, or to evaluate the success of a particular activity in
which it is engaged. Sometimes success is defined in terms of making progress toward
strategic goals, but often success is simply the repeated, periodic achievement of some level
of operational goal (e.g. zero defects, 10/10 customer satisfaction, etc.).
Kitting: The assembly or packaging of components, parts or finished products into a new
single item. This light assembly operation is sometimes performed in foreign trade zones or
special economic zones. The term refers to the making of a kit (collection of items). For
example, five different types and sizes of screwdrivers might be kitted into a single set of
screwdrivers for sale to consumers.
Known Loss: Losses discovered at the time of a shipment's delivery.

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L
Labeling Software: it helps firms to quickly design labels and create an efficient printing
process so they can focus on running their business instead of worrying about print errors
every day. they can quickly design professional labels without making investments in training
and coding. Label Management System standardizes their entire label printing process into
one platform.
Landed Cost: The total cost of a landed shipment including purchase price, freight,
insurance, and other costs up to the port of destination. In some instances, it may also
include the customs duties and other taxes levied on the shipment.
Last Mile: It was originally used in the telecommunications field but has since been applied
to supply chain management. Transporting goods via freight rail networks and container
ships is often the most efficient and cost-effective manner of shipping. However, when
goods arrive at a high-capacity freight station or port, they must then be transported to
their final destination. This last leg of the supply chain is often less efficient, comprising up
to 28% of the total cost to move goods. This has become known as the last-mile problem.
The last-mile problem can also include the challenge of making deliveries in urban areas
where retail stores, restaurants, and other merchants in a central business district often
contribute to congestion and safety problems.
Last mile delivery by bicycle: this service uses bicycle messengers for carrying and
delivering items by bicycle. bicycle messengers (also known as bike or cycle couriers) are
people who work for courier companies (also known as messenger companies) carrying and
delivering items by bicycle. Bicycle messengers are most often found in the central business
districts of metropolitan areas. Courier companies use bike messengers because bicycle
travel is less subject to unexpected holdups in city traffic jams, and is not deterred by parking
limitations, fees or fines in high density development that can hinder or prevent delivery by
motor vehicle, thereby offering a predictable delivery time.
Last mile delivery by bicycle service provider: provider of bicycle delivery service like
cyclelogistics.eu

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Last mile delivery by van: is defined as the movement of goods from a transportation hub
to the final delivery destination by van. The final delivery destination is typically a personal
residence. The focus of last mile logistics is to deliver items to the end user as fast as possible.
Law enforcement agencies: Is/are a government agency/ies responsible for the enforcement
of the laws.
LD3/AKE/AVE Container: half size lower deck container with Base dimensions: Cm (L) 156.2
x (W) 153.4; Inches (L) 65 x (W) 60.4, Top dimensions: Cm (L) 200.6 x (W) 149.4; Inches (L)
79.0 x (W) 58.8, Height dimensions: Cm 162.6; Inches 64, Tare weight 82 kg, Max. gross
weight 1,587 kg.
LD9/AAP Container: General-purpose enclosed container fitted to P1P base. Door is canvas
with built-in net door straps, or solid. Base dimensions: Cm (L) 317.5 x (W) 223.5; Inches (L)
125 x (W) 88, Height dimensions: Cm 162.6; Inches 64, Tare weight 270 kg, Max. gross weight,
Lower deck 1,587 kg, Main deck 6,000 kg.
Leg: The part of a transportation route that is between two successive stops, positions, or
changes in direction or carriers.
less than container load (LCL): Transporting a shipment with other goods in the container is
referred to as LCL. Thus multiple LCL shipments with different Bills of Lading and different
owners can be loaded in a single container. Any space used in the container is subject to a
charge.
Less-than Truckload (LTL): is the transportation of relatively small freight. The alternatives to
LTL carriers are parcel carriers or full truckload carriers.
Letter mail: Letter mail refers to any form of written communication or other document,
that is addressed to a specific address and is conveyed by means other than electronic.
Letter of Credit (LOC): A letter from a bank guaranteeing that a buyer's payment to a seller
will be received on time and for the correct amount. In the event that the buyer is unable to
make payment on the purchase, the bank will be required to cover the full or remaining
amount of the purchase.
Library mail: Library Mail is an inexpensive way for libraries, academic institutions, museums,
nonprofits and similar organizations can send items on loan to one another. These groups
can mail up to 70 pounds of books, sound recordings, academic thesis and other related
media at a time for one low cost.

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Licensing Agreement: This term refers to a written agreement entered into by the
contractual owner of a property or activity giving permission to another to use that property
or engage in an activity in relation to that property. The property involved in a licensing
agreement can be real, personal or intellectual. Almost always, there will be some
consideration exchanged between the licensor and the licensee.
Line Haul: The direct movement of freight between two major ports by a single ship.
LMS (logistics management system): capitalize on making improvements in freight
management, load building and optimization, mode and carrier selection, freight rating and
audits, plus load tendering and real time logistics. Logistics firms that use this software gain
a competitive advantage over their rivals, as it allows them to successfully deal with cost
pressures such as rising fuel prices, increasing loads as a result of customer demands, and
the trend towards smaller, more frequent dispatches. These lead to more frequent and
timely deliveries, which then increase in satisfaction and returning clients.
Load Tender: A pick-up request by a shipper.
Load Tendering: The practice of providing a carrier with detailed information and
negotiated pricing (the tender) prior to scheduling pickup. This practice can help assure
contract compliance and facilitate automated payments (self-billing).
Location labels: are used to identify specific rooms, rows within those rooms, or specific rack
locations where product is stored.
Logistics: The process of planning, implementing and controlling the flow of raw materials,
work in progress or finished products from the point of origin to the point of destination
(either to a factory for further processing, to a warehouse for storage or to the marketplace
for sale) at the required time and in the desired condition.
Logistics Service Provider (LSP): A company that provides management over the flow of
goods and materials between points of origin to end-use destination. The provider will often
handle shipping, inventory, warehousing, packaging, and security functions for shipments.

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M
M1/AMA Container: Main-deck container. Door is canvas with built-in net door straps.
Suitable for 747F, 747 Combi, 777F center loading only. Maximum gross weight 6,804 cm.
Mail room management service: is a service that provides complete delivery solutions,
including processing and distribution of incoming mail or courier/express items + internal
mail Inter-office runs, Processing of outgoing ordinary & express mail (local & international)
for companies and businesses. The service also offers tailor-made mail document
management solutions to large business sectors such as Government, Banks, Financial and
Corporate institutions through a single comprehensive source providing a total solution for
incoming and outgoing mails as well as inter-department documents within the premises or
externally between branches.
Manifest: A document giving the description of a ship’s cargo or the contents of a car or
truck.
Marketing mail: A marketing effort that uses a mail service to deliver a promotional printed
piece to a firm`s target audience. marketing mail encompasses a wide variety of marketing
materials, including brochures, catalogs, postcards, newsletters and sales letters.
Master Air Waybill (MAWB): An air waybill of lading that covers a consolidated shipment of
goods and lists the consolidator as the shipper.
Media mail: Media Mail shipping is a cost-effective way to send educational materials. This
service has restrictions on the type of media that can be shipped. Media Mail rates are
limited to the items such as: Books (at least 8 pages), Sound recordings and video
recordings, such as CDs and DVDs ,Play scripts and manuscripts for books, periodicals, and
music, Printed music, Computer-readable media containing prerecorded information and
guides or scripts prepared solely for use with such media, Sixteen millimeter or narrower
width films, Printed objective test materials and their accessories, Printed educational

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reference charts, Loose-leaf pages and their binders consisting of medical information for
distribution to doctors, hospitals, medical schools, and medical students.
Mega trailers: A mega trailer has movable curtains like a curtain trailer. Most of mega trailers
have a height of 3m and raisable top cover, making the trailer suitable for a firm`s large
volumes and cargo above a certain height
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU): is a document describing a bilateral or multilateral
agreement between two or more parties. It expresses a convergence of will between the
parties, indicating an intended common line of action. It is often used in cases where parties
either do not imply a legal commitment or in situations where the parties cannot create a
legally enforceable agreement.
Mobile App Developer: A mobile developer is a professional who is focused on developing
software or systems for mobile devices.
MNO or Mobile Network Operator is a provider of wireless communications services that
owns or controls all the elements necessary to sell and deliver services to an end user
including radio spectrum allocation, wireless network infrastructure, back haul infrastructure,
billing, customer care, provisioning computer systems and marketing and repair
organizations.
Modes of Transportation (MOT): is a term used to distinguish substantially different ways to
perform. The most dominant modes of transport are air, water, and land transport, which
includes rail, road and off-road transport. Other modes also exist, including pipelines, cable
transport, and space transport. Human-powered transport and animal-powered transport
are sometimes regarded as their own mode, but these normally also fall into the other
categories. In general, transportation is used for the movement of people, animals, and
other things. Each mode of transport has a fundamentally different technological solution,
and some require a separate environment. Each mode has its own infrastructure, vehicles,
and operations, and often has unique regulations. Each mode also has separate subsystems.
Motorcycles: A motorcycle, often called a bike, motorbike, or cycle, is a two- or three-
wheeled motor vehicle
Multi carrier online platforms: multi-carrier shipping software is about running multiple
carriers through one solution. The shipping software can be used for domestic and
international shipping.

44 | P a g e
Multimodal: is the transportation of goods under a single contract, but performed with at
least two different means of transport; the carrier is liable (in a legal sense) for the entire
carriage, even though it is performed by several different modes of transport (i.e. air, rail,
sea, or road/land).
Multimodal Transportation Services: Multimodal transport is the carriage of goods by two or
more traffic modes.
Municipality:
National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC):is a standard that provides a comparison of
commodities moving in interstate, intrastate and foreign commerce. It is similar in concept
to the groupings or grading systems that serve many other industries. Commodities are
grouped into one of 18 classes—from a low of class 50 to a high of class 500—based on an
evaluation of four transportation characteristics density, stow ability, handling and liability.
Together, these characteristics establish a commodity’s ‘transportability.

45 | P a g e
N
Network Service Provider: is a business or organization that sells bandwidth or network
access by providing direct Internet backbone access to internet service providers and usually
access to its network access points (NAPs).
Next Flight Out: In the world of expedited shipping, the term NFO has a very specific
meaning. It means Next Flight Out and it refers to the absolute fastest way to get freight
from one point to the next. NPD Logistics is proud to be one of the best NFO shippers
around, with the ability to offer same-day shipments to and from many locations, and
shipments in a 24-hour time window in many others.
NFC payment:NFC is a kind of contactless payment systems that use near field
communication (NFC, e.g. Samsung Pay, Apple Pay, Google Pay, Fitbit Pay, or any bank
mobile application that support Contactless) for making secure payments.
Nonstandard items shipping:shipping of parcel with at least one of the measurements
(weight, size, length, width) not complying with the standards established by DPD.

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O
Ocean Bill of Lading (OBL): A document required for the transportation of goods overseas.
An ocean bill of lading serves as both the carrier's receipt to the shipper and as a collection
document. The document specifies the details of the goods being transported, such as
quantity, type and destination.
Offsite Management System:it helps retailers take advantage of existing outbound
transportation provider networks, leveraging flexible space and regional resources to rapidly
re-stock store shelves or fulfill orders remotely. Key Features are: full visibility and control of
remote inventory, Auditing functionality, Full case or unit level functionality, Control of pick-
order scheduling.
Off-sites: typically consist of terminal management systems, flare systems, utilities,
environmental treatment units and the movement automation linking these areas."
Open top containers: Open top containers have an open top covered by a tarpaulin instead
of a solid roof. This enables oversized cargo such as timber and scrap metal to be loaded
from the top. Open top containers normally have end doors to give flexibility to loading and
discharging operations.
Open trailers: For special transports and out-of-gauge we use open trailers. We have open
trailers both with and without aluminum side boards.
Optical Character Recognition (OCR): is the mechanical or electronic conversion of scanned
images of handwritten, typewritten or printed text into machine-encoded text. It is widely
used as a form of data entry from some sort of original paper data source, whether
documents, sales receipts, mail, or any number of printed records. It is a common method
of digitizing printed texts so that they can be electronically searched, stored more compactly,
displayed on-line, and used in machine processes such as machine translation, text-to-
speech and text mining.
Order management system: An OMS helps companies organize and streamline the order
fulfillment process across the Omni channel supply chain. This means orders processing, call

47 | P a g e
center management, customer service, inventory and warehouse management, marketing
and accounting processes are combined into one resource
Order Management System (OMS): is a computer software system used in a number of
industries for order entry and processing.
Order picking system: An order picking system is a warehouse management system that is
designed especially for warehouses that deal with customer orders.
Ordinary mail Service: The ordinary letter/mail service is the standard postal service which
includes the business of receiving, collecting, dispatching, conveying and delivering postal
articles, with set delivery standards from the time of dispatch to arrival at the point of
delivery.
Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM): (a) The original definition a company whose
products are used as components in another company's product. The OEM will generally
work closely with the company that sells the finished product (often called a "value-added
reseller" or VAR) and customize the designs based on the VAR's needs. (b) The more recent
definition a company that buys a product and incorporates or re-brands it into a new
product under its own name.
Out bound customs clearance service: out bound customs clearance work involves
preparation and submission of documentations required to facilitate export to a country,
representing client during customs examination, assessment, payment of duty and co taking
passing of cargo from customs after clearance along with documents.
Outbound logistics: The process related to the movement and storage of products from the
end of the production line to the end user.
Outbound Logistics: The entire process of planning and controlling the flow of products
form the end of a production line to the end user. This includes both transportation and
intermediate storage.
Over, Short and Damaged (OS&D): A report that details discrepancies between a bill of
lading and a shipment at hand. Extra goods are ‘overs’, missing goods are ‘short’,
and damaged goods are listed as damaged.

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PQ
P1P/PAG pallet: Universal general-purpose flat pallet for lower holds and main decks.
Suitable for Wide Body All aircraft lower holds and main decks, Standard-body 707F, 727F,
737F, 757F, DC8F, DC9F main decks. Maximum gross weight 4,626 kg
P6P/PMC pallet: Universal general-purpose flat pallet for lower holds and main decks. Base
dimensions: Cm (L) 317.5 x (W) 242.8, Inches (L) 125 x (W) 96, Tare weight 120 kg, Max. gross
weight, Lower deck 4,626 kg (depending on aircraft), Lower deck 5,035 kg (depending on
aircraft), Main deck 6,800 kg, Suitable for the following aircraft, A300, A310, A340, B747,
B767, B777.
Packing List: Is a shipping document that accompanies delivery packages, usually inside an
attached shipping pouch, or inside the package itself. It commonly includes an itemized
detail of the package contents and does not include customer pricing. It serves to inform all
parties, including transport agencies, government authorities, and customers, about the
contents of the package.
Pack-Station: Provides automated booths for self-service collection of parcels and oversize
letters as well as self-service dispatch of parcels 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
Pallet: Is a flat transport structure that supports goods in a stable fashion while being lifted
by a forklift, pallet jack, front loader, work saver or other jacking device. A pallet is the
structural foundation of a unit load, which allows handling and storage efficiencies. Goods
or shipping containers are often placed on a pallet secured with strapping, stretch wrap or
shrink wrap and shipped.
Parcel: (1) Mail that does not meet the mail processing category of letter-size mail or flat-
size mail. It is usually enclosed in a mailing container such as a carton. (2) A package
Parcel Box: A safe method of receiving parcel deliveries at home or office.
Parcel Locker: A unit that is installed alongside neighborhood delivery and collection box
units or in conjunction with Post Office Boxes in a retail facility that is used for parcel delivery.

Glossary of logistics and postal logistics

Glossary of logistics and postal logistics

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