Glancing At PNDs can Influence Driving
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This document summarizes a study that examined how using a personal navigation device (PND) with a visual map display influences driving performance compared to using a voice-only PND. The study found that drivers using a visual PND spent less time looking at the road and had greater variances in lane position, steering wheel angle, and velocity. Specifically, decreases in the percentage of time drivers spent looking at the road were correlated with increases in driving performance variances. The conclusion is that visual PND displays that take drivers' attention away from the road can negatively impact driving performance.
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Glancing At PNDs can Influence Driving
- 1. Glancing at Personal Navigation Devices can Influence Driving Andrew Kun, Tim Paek,Zeljko Medenica, Nemanja Memarovic, Oskar Palinko
- 2. Outline Navigation study: experiment Results Conclusion
- 3. Navigation study With vs. without map: Time looking at the road? Effect on driving performance? Voice instructionfor both 8 male subjects
- 5. 2 Driving scenario 1 2 3 3 1
- 6. Seeingmachines eye tracker tinyurl.com/eyetracker
- 7. Visual attention Fixations (> 100 ms): number, timing, etc. Percent dwell time: looking at road
- 8. Driving performance Variance: Lane position Steering wheel angle Velocity Collisions
- 9. Effect of visual attention? Average variances (13 segments) Cross-correlation peaks: PDT decrease -> variance increase?
- 11. Outline Navigation study: experiment Results Conclusion
- 12. Camera setup Front camera Eye tracker camera Rear camera
- 13. Standard PND
- 14. Voice-only PND
- 15. Questions Influence on visual attention? If yes, effect on driving performance?
- 16. PDT on the outside world
- 17. Questions Influence on visual attention? If yes, effect on driving performance?
- 19. Cross-correlation, gazes > 200 ms
- 20. Fixations at standard PND screen
- 21. Outline Navigation study: experiment Results Conclusion
- 22. Conclusion Display: (visual attention)↘ (visual attention)↘ -> (variances↗) (long gazes at PND) -> (variances↗) Display viewing: 60% of gazes last >200ms Collision risk: need testing But…
- 23. I prefer to have a PND screen…
- 24. Design implications Must earn users’ trust. Complicated displays may reduce visual attention even more. Small screen? Voice-only may be just fine.
- 25. Next? “You’re on the right track.” Complex environments? Augmented reality.
- 26. Acknowledgements US DOJ (NIJ, COPS) Microsoft Research TellMe