Peru has diverse geography ranging from coastlines to mountains to rainforests. It is home to many tourist attractions including Machu Picchu, the ancient Inca city atop mountains discovered in 1911; Cusco, the historic former capital of the Inca Empire with well-preserved architecture; and the Nazca Lines, giant ancient geoglyphs carved into the desert that can only be seen from above. The country offers visitors a wide variety of landscapes and cultural experiences from the legacy of the Inca civilization.

1. GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM IN
PERU
DILIPKUMAR A PATIL
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Business Studies,
Sharnbasva University, Kalaburagi

3. BASIC INFORMATION OF PERU

4. BASIC INFORMATION OF PERU
Continent: SOUTH AMERICA
IATA AREA: I
Official Language: Spanish
Longitude: 75.0152° West
Latitude: 9.1900° South
GMT: UTC−5
Tourism Tagline: Land of the Incas
Visa Facilities: Prior Visa

5. Capital City: Lima
Largest city: Lima
Currency: Sol
Major Cities: Lima, Cuzco
Neighboring Countries : Chile, Bolivia, brazil, Colombia, Ecuador
Area: 1,285,216 km2
Population: 3 Crore Approx
BASIC INFORMATION OF PERU

6. INTERESTING FACTS
• Peru has the highest sand dune
in the world, The Cerro Blanco
sand dune
• Lake Titicaca is the world’s
highest lake, has an elevation of
3,810 metres above sea level.
• There are over 3,000 different
varieties of Potato grown in Peru
• The Largest Flying Bird on
Earth can be found in Peru, The
Giant Andean Condor

7. • The Amazon River is the longest river in the world and it starts in
Peru!
• Peru grows more than 55 varieties of corn
• Peru is the 6th largest producer of gold
INTERESTING FACTS

8. Physical Geography of Peru

9. • Peru is a country on the central western
coast of South America facing
the Pacific Ocean.
• It lies in the tropics south of the equator
and is divided into three very different
geographical regions:
• the Pacific coastal strip,
• the Andes mountains and
• the Amazonian lowlands.
• Except for the Lake Titicaca basin in
the southeast, its borders lie in sparsely
populated zones
• MAJOR RIVERS: Amazon, Ucayali,
Madre de Dios

10. • MAJOR MOUNTAIN RANGES:
Andes
• Peru is the third largest country in
South America,
after Brazil and Argentina.
• It is made up of a variety of
landscapes, from mountains and
beaches to deserts and rain forests.
• The second highest mountain range
in the world runs through Peru.
• These peaks, called the Andes, are
so tall and forbidding that the
ancient Inca people thought they
were gods

11. Major Tourist Attractions of Peru
• Machu Picchu
• Lima
• Cusco
• The Sacred Valley of the Incas
• Nazca Lines

12. • It is a unique testimony of the Inca
Civilization and shows a well-
planned distribution of functions
within space, territory control, and
social, productive, religious and
administrative organization.
• Considered one of the new 7
Wonders of the World
Machu Picchu

13. • Trekkers can choose the hard way up
to this architectural marvel, via the
Inca Trail; others must opt for the train.
• Archeologist Hiram Bingham and his
party discovered Machu Picchu in July
1911
Machu Picchu

14. Hiram Bingham classified the ruins
into sectors – such as
• the Agricultural Sector
• The Royal Sector –
• the Fountain Caretaker’s House,
• the Temple of the Three Windows
• the Palace of the Princess.
Machu Picchu

15. Lima
• Known as the City of the Kings,
Lima is Peru’s capital city and a
symbol of its Spanish colonial history,
industry, and independence.
• First-time visitors should check out the
local museums and get a taste for
Peru’s depth of history.
• If you have some extra time and
money, consider a food tour while in
Lima.
Places to visit in Lima
Government Palace, National Museum,
Monasterio de San Francisco, Surquillo No.
1 market, Miraflores, Huaca Pucllana

16. Cusco
• The ancient capital of the Inca empire is the city
most tourists want to visit, a jewel of Inca and
colonial architecture
• Cusco is the original seat of power for the Inca
empire.
• Declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in
1983
• Cusco is a beautiful city. From its Inca and 16th
century colonial architecture, to its narrow, winding
streets, the city has a romantic vibe with a distinct
European feel.
• Cusco’s main square, the Plaza de Armas, is
perhaps the city’s most iconic site and a prime spot
for a leisurely stroll and people-watching.

17. The Sacred Valley of
the Incas
• The Sacred Valley, also known as
Urubamba Valley, is a prime
destination for exploring Inca ruins and
enjoying outdoor activities. You can
easily make day trips to this region
from Cusco or Machu Picchu
• Tourist can book adventure tours for
mountain biking, horseback riding,
hiking, and rafting with agencies
throughout the region
• It is also a common starting point for
the Inca Trail, a hiking route to Machu
Picchu.

18. Nazca Lines
• The Nazca lines continue to mystify and enthrall. If you love history, Nazca should be your
next stop on your trip to Peru. It’s one of the famous places in Peru and is packed with
sights to see for a mesmerizing experience.
• Located at the southern coast, Nazca is also the largest town in Nazca Province. The
name ‘Nazca’ has been originated from the culture of Nazca that used to flourish during
the time span of 100 BC and 800 AD.

19. • These giant drawings of people,
animals and other geometric shapes,
some up to 100m in length, were
carved into the desert around 2000
years ago.
• Their true purpose remains obscure;
some think they were a way of
communicating with the gods, others
believe they had an astronomical
function, while others still subscribe
to more outlandish theories
• The Mysterious Nasca Lines can be
seen from the air over Peru
• It has big 70 lines
Nazca Lines