Genus Staph

1. ROMAN ARSHAD
GENUS STAPHYLOCOCCUS.
VETRINARY MICOBIOLOGY
SUBMITTED TO:- DR ABRAR MOHI-UL-DIN
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2. STAPHYLOCOCCUS:-
“Staphylococcus is a genus of gram-
positive bacterium with spherical shape”
STAPHYLO in Greek means “a bunch of grapes". And COCCUS refers to
“spherical”.
This genus consists of more than 40 different species.
It was discovered in 1884 for the first time.
HABITAT:-
This genus lives on the skin and mucous membranes of humans.
They are also found in soil and form SOIL MICROBIOME.
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3. STAINING:-
By using gram staining, this genus of bacteria is dyed purple.
This purple color forms due to the formation of CV-1 complex and retention
of primary dye.
The major difference between gram positive and gram negative bacteria are
in the cell walls.
CELL WALL COMPOSITION:-
 Peptidoglycan forms 50% of dry weight of cell wall along with Teichoic
acid and Lipo-teichoic acid.
 Lipids comprise 1-4% of cell wall composition.
 Thickness of cell wall is 20-80nm.
 Periplasmic space is present in some species.
 Cell wall is more permeable.
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4. Staphylococcus under different resolutions of microscope.
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5. DIFFERENTIAL FEATURE:-
Staphylococci have an ability to produce a
specific enzyme COAGULASE, which causes blood clot formation.
Seven species of staphylococcus are able to produce COAGULASE. Other
species are called COAGULASE-NEGATIVE as they do not produce coagulase
enzyme.
DISEASE CAUSING ABILITY:-
Staphylococci cause a wide variety of
diseases in humans and animals. Its toxins are a common cause of food
poisoning. Staphylococcus aureus is a main contributor in diseases.
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6. HOW ARE STAPHYLOCOCCI FORMED:-
Staphylococci are
formed by the division of a single cocci bacteria in three planes again and
again to form the grape-like structure.
STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus AND ANTIBIOTIC
RESISTANCE:-
Staphylococcus aureus is the most resistant specie and develops the antibiotic
resistance quite easily.
There has been a vigorous effort to make new antibiotics that works against
the resistant strain or to make vaccine for prevention of such disease.
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7. ROLE IN ROTTING OF PACKAGED FOOD:-
Packaged foods
may carry staphylococcus strains which cause rotting of food. To prevent this,
food containers are sterilized with steam first and then food is packaged. Thus
decreasing the chance of contamination.
INFECTIONS IN ANIMAL:-
This genus is the causative agent for
mastitis. This particular disease mostly occurs after giving birth. Thus vaccines
are administrated before three weeks of giving birth.
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8. MASTITIS IN COWS:-
Mastitis is caused by
Staphylococcus aureus.
And causes the depicted
Infection.
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