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CONFIDENTIAL	
寻找第⼆二代个⼈人基因组产品的成功之路路	
--	Genos的实践和展望	
徐兴,博⼠士	
2017-03,	杭州
提纲	
•  个⼈人基因组产品的路路线选择	
– 芯⽚片VS测序	
– 外显⼦子VS芯⽚片VS全基因组	
– Genos的选择	
•  Genos的实践	
– ⽬目标	
– 实践	
•  个⼈人基因组产品的商业模式探索	
– 卖产品	VS	卖数据	VS	App	store	VS	
做市场	
– Genos的选择	
	
•  展望
个⼈人基因组产品的进化	
•  `	
AncestryDNA
2006 2013 2016 20172015
23andme FDA 1百万
2012
1百万
2007 2014
Knome
Veritas 总融资$42M
Helix
Genos
总融资$100M
芯⽚片
外显⼦子
全基因组
总融资$241M
总融资$6M
重启失败被收购
芯⽚片	vs	测序		
	 芯片 测序
(外显子)
测序
(全基因组)
成本低 成本高 成本最高
60万点 5千万 30亿
已知位点 蛋白编码序列
未知位点
全基因组
未知位点
祖源,表型特征,少量
治病位点
祖源?,表型特征,
85% 已知致病位点
想干啥干啥
$99 - $199 $399 - $499 (Genos) $999
外显⼦子组测序	VS	芯⽚片	
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
Total ClinVar Records
Exome Array
外显⼦子VS全基因组	
---	外显⼦子只占全基因组的2%,但包含85%致病位点	
2014
2009
1995
外显⼦子VS全基因组	
---	ClinVar数据显示85%的⽐比例例是⽐比较合理理估计	
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Percentage of ClinVar Records in exome
All ClinVar Records
Pathgenic and Likely Pathogenic Only
Genos的选择	
全外显⼦子测序	
	
•  CLIA	CerDfied	测序	
•  >75x	全外显⼦子	
•  99%	>	1x		and	90%	>	20x	
•  $399		$499
个⼈人基因组产品商业模式的探索	
模式 卖产品 卖数据 应用市场 数据市场
代表 特别服务:AncestryDNA
高端服务:HLI,KNOME
23andme Helix Genos
原始数据 给用户 给用户 否* 给用户
知情同意 广泛 单一应用 单一项目
利益共享 无 无 有
Genos的选择:	基因组数据市场	
个⼈人研究者
ACGT
TTAG
$,$,$,
$,$,$,
Genos要解决的3个根本问题	
个⼈人发现
推动科研数据市场
Genos
Genos	要解决的3个根本问题	
---	个⼈人对基因组的发现	
Genos提供:	
•  ClinVar的关联	
•  表型特征	
•  祖源*	
⽐比内容更更重要东⻄西	
•  与时俱进	
•  化繁为简	
•  合作共赢	
个⼈人发现
Genos	要解决的3个根本问题	
---	个⼈人对基因组的发现	
⽐比内容更更重要东⻄西	
•  与时俱进	
– 有ClinVar注释的位点数⽬目从700到3500	
– 表型特征从8增加到33个	
	
•  化繁为简	
– 过滤,分类,搜索⼿手段	
•  合作共赢	
– 通过合作伙伴增加渠道	
– 提供合作伙伴盈利利的机会(应⽤用市场)	
个⼈人发现
Genos	要解决的3个根本问题	
---	痛苦的科研数据收集过程	
推动科研
科学家的理理想世界:	
•  我只想做研究	
•  不不要拿琐碎管理理⼯工作烦我	
•  我只想要我要的数据	
•  数据便便宜,量量要⾜足	
Genos正在构建这样⼀一个世界:
把收集“⼤大量量便便宜⾼高质量量有表型关联可搜索可回溯源头的数据”的
耗时费⼒力力的⼯工作变成了了⼀一个“⼀一⼿手交钱,⼀一⼿手交数据”的简单交易易
Genos	要解决的3个根本问题	
---	痛苦的科研数据收集过程	
•  Broad	InsDtute	&	朊病毒联盟(Prion	Alliance)	
– 朊病毒联盟的创始⼈人(带有致命突变)	
– 和时间赛跑,⽤用少量量的钱去发现带有特定突变的⼈人群	
– Genos是仅有的平台可以尝试这样的事	
•  精准临床实验		
– 寻找特定地区具有特定基因型的⼈人群	
– 在整个Genos的基因池⾥里里⾯面约有30⼈人,特定区域5⼈人	
– 每个⼈人的回报将在$1000-$2000	
– 精准临床实验刚刚开始!
Genos	要解决的3个根本问题	
---	创⽴立基因组数据市场	
最核⼼心的价值观	
•  ⽤用户永久拥有基因组的所有权(Ownership)	
•  当且仅当⽤用户和研究者双⽅方同意的前提下,研
究者可获得使⽤用许可权	(licensing	right)	
•  研究者将对使⽤用许可权⽀支付相应费⽤用,⽤用户将
得到其中的⼤大部分	
数据市场Genos把基因组产权化和创⽴立了了⼀一个从来没有
过的可以个⼈人得利利的基因组数据市场。
Genos的选择:	基因组数据市场	
个⼈人研究者
ACGT
TTAG
$,$,$,
$,$,$,
“[Genos]	could	fundamentally	change	the	economics	of	science.”	
把耗时费⼒力力的数据收集变
成简单的购买⾏行行为
把$499的购买⾏行行为变成⼀一
种知识和经济上的投资
⽤用数据说话:为什什么加⼊入Genos?	
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
90.0%
潜在医学意义
对DNA好奇
⽐比其他服务商
提供更更多数据
参与研究
增进健康
⽣生育指导
数据所有权
外显⼦子太便便宜
了了
娱乐性
家庭传承
当第⼀一批测序
的⼈人
和其他⼈人⽐比较
得到经济效益
⽤用数据说话:Genos⽤用户年年龄分布
Genos性别分布
领导团队	
领导团队	
•  CEO	Mark	Blumling.	Founder	and	former	COO	of	Hyperion	TherapeuDcs	
•  ExecuDve	Chairman	Dr.	Clifford	Reid.	Founder	and	former	CEO	of	Complete	
Genomics	
	
世界级咨询委员会	
•  Alvin	E.	Roth.	Economist	and	Nobel	Prize	laureate,	Stanford	University	
•  Chris	Tsakalakis.	Former	StubHub	president		
•  Mina	Radhakrishan.	Former	Uber	Head	of	Product		
•  George	Church.	GeneDcs	expert,	Professor	GeneDcs	at	Harvard	Medical	School	and	
MIT	
•  Dietrich	Stephan.	GeneDcs	expert,	University	of	Pifsburgh
Genos的优势	
•  轻创业公司,	
– 测序业务外包,质量量稳定,价格合理理	
– 15⼈人的团队	
•  软件公司的运作模式	
– 敏敏捷开发	2周⼀一次发布	
– 数据导向,A/B测试决定设计的选择	
•  ⾼高度⾃自动化	
•  软件平台,⽣生信平台,测试平台,市场平台搭建完毕,⾼高效运作	
•  整个商业计划产品搭建以完成	
•  CAP认证,和FDA紧密合作有效规避监管⻛风险
⼴广告时间	
“Genos	is…	using	a	next-generaDon	sequencing	process	to	both	give	
you	a	good	idea	of	your	heredity	on	a	deeper	level	and	to	give	
researchers	a	crowdsourced	geneDc	map	to	help	with	disease	
discovery."	
“This	type	of	next-generaDon	sequencing	offers	a	complete	profile	of	
all	the	expressed	genes	(the	ones	that	code	for	proteins)	in	your	
genome.”	
“By	having	your	genome	sequenced,	you	can	use	it	in	these	three	
roles,	as	a	scienDst,	as	a	philanthropist,	and	as	an	entrepreneur.”	
“[Genos]	could	fundamentally	change	the	economics	of	science.”
展望	
•  竞争会更更加激烈烈	
•  个⼈人基因组产品向临床靠拢	
•  临床向健康⼈人群靠拢	
•  电⼦子病例例的整合
谢谢	
hfps://www.genos.co	
希望天天这样

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