This document discusses gender equality and gender equity. It defines gender equality as equal rights, responsibilities, and opportunities regardless of sex. Gender equality means considering the interests of both women and men. It is a human rights issue and necessary for sustainable development. Gender equity means fairness according to individual needs, with more opportunities given to the historically marginalized gender to overcome disadvantages through fair distribution of resources. Gender equity aims to facilitate equal opportunities and is necessary to achieve the goal of gender equality.

1. GENDER ECONOMICS
III UG Major Elective
GENDER EQUALITY & GENDER EQUITY
Dr.R.Senthamizh Veena
Assistant Professor in Economics
Holy Cross College
Tiruchirappalli

2. GENDER AND EQUALITY
 Equality between women and men (gender equality) refers to
the equal rights, responsibilities and opportunities of women
and men and girls and boys.
 Equality does not mean that women and men will become the
same but that women’s and men’s rights, responsibilities and
opportunities will not depend on whether they are born male or
female.
 Gender equality implies that the interests, needs and priorities of
both women and men are taken into consideration
 Equality between women and men is seen both as a human
rights issue and as a precondition for, and indicator of,
sustainable people-centered development.

3.  Gender equality is not a women’s issue but should
concern and fully engage men as well as women.
 There are also significant negative effects of expectations
on men and boys due to stereotyping about what it
means to be a male.
 Therefore, both women and men, and boys and girls,
should be free to develop their abilities and make
choices – without limitations set by rigid gender roles
and prejudices – based on personal interests and
capacities.

4. In the context of the world of work, equality between women
and men includes the following elements:
 Equality of opportunity and treatment in employment
 Equal remuneration for work of equal value
 Equal access to safe and healthy working environments
and to social security
 Equality in association and collective bargaining
 Equality in obtaining meaningful career development
 A balance between work and home life that is fair to both
women and men
 Equal participation in decision-making at all levels

5. The ILO has adopted an integrated approach to gender
equality and decent work.
 This means to enhance equal employment
opportunities through measures like improve
women’s access to education, skills training and
healthcare, while taking women’s role in the care
economy adequately into account.
 Examples of these include implementing measures to
help workers balance work and family
responsibilities, and providing workplace
incentives for the provision of childcare and
parental leave.

7. Gender Equity
 Gender equity means fairness of treatment for all genders
according to their respective needs.
 Gender equity states that the individual who is historically
the most marginalised, should be given more and better
opportunities than the gender enjoying the perks of living in
a gender biased society.
 Gender equity doesn’t equate one gender with another,
instead, it attempts to facilitate equal opportunities for all genders
to overcome their historical and social disadvantages by
ensuring fairness and justice in the distribution of resources
to all genders.

9.  If the exact same opportunities, rights and privileges are given
to all genders then it would be a historically catastrophic
assumption that both men and women started out at the
same position.
 But that is far from the truth. The socio-historical oppression
of women has marginalised them for centuries
 Gender equity shatters the historically dictated roles of
gender and gives people the choice to climb up the stairs as
a way of compensation for their historical mistreatment.
 Equality is a farfetched dream which is impossible to
achieve without equity.
 ‘Gender equity’ is the process to achieve gender equality.

10. THANK YOU