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Science or Science Fiction?




Karen Fisher
Spring 2013
               http://www.dvdvcdplaza.com/cdimages/eng_gattaca.jpg
The Plot (6, 7)
Futuristic


Professionaland social standing
 determined at birth by genetic analysis

Vincent
 ◦   an “In-Valid”
 ◦   A custodian
 ◦   Takes the place of Jerome
 ◦   Goal is to travel in space
Vincent                         Jerome
     (Ethan Hawke)                        (Jude Law)
 Born with a congenital heart    “perfectgenetic specimen” (6)
  defect                          Crippled in car accident
 Predicted to die by age 30




                Who’s Who? (5)
30.2 Years . . .
                   (10)
Science Fiction                Science
Genetic    testing at birth   Genetic  testing based on
Life expectancy                history of family
 determined                    Life expectancy tables
Environment affects           Environment vs. Genetics??
 Vincent’s destiny – kind
 of . . . .




                                              (5)
Genetic Testing (4, 8)
Carrier  screening
Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis of
 embryos
Prenatal diagnostic testing
Newborn screening
Presymptomatic & confirmational
 testing on adults
 ◦ Huntington’s
 ◦ Alzheimer’s
Over   1,000 tests available
The Human Genome Mapped   (9)
How Long Do You Have?   (1)
Nature vs. Nurture
Isa person’s genetic makeup the sole
 determinant of who a person will be?
Does the environment influence a person’s
 development?

What    do you think?

Some biologists believe that
“we are who we are because
of our genes.” (3)
Berkowitz believes . . .            (2)
Genes  alone rarely predict human behavior
One faulty gene can dramatically change one’s
 behavior or physiology
Gene expression is influenced by
  ◦ interactions of genes
  ◦ proteins, foods, hormones
  ◦ life experiences
Can’t quantify the effects of genetics or the
 environment on “thoughts, emotions or
 behaviors”
Bottom line: in the nature vs. nurture
 argument, scientific studies are inconclusive
“Nature vs. Nurture Revisited” (3)
Certain  genes already identified associated
 with some diseases like cancer, diabetes,
 hypertension, Alzheimer’s
Everyone has “predisposing genetic flaws”
 which can be used to predict disease risks.
“Without laws prohibiting genetic
 discrimination, society may soon begin
 penalizing people with 'bad' genes.”
Could you be denied a job, health
 insurance, life insurance or medical
 treatment because of “bad genetics?”
Heredity & the Environment Interact (3)
              People  with perfect pitch
               often have family members
               with the same gift
              Studies at the University of
               California show
               ◦ that the perfect pitch trait is
                 highly inheritable
               ◦ musical training before age 6
                 is necessary to develop the
                 perfect pitch
Can the Human Spirit Overcome
Genetic Destiny?
“Consider    God’s handiwork; who
  can straighten what He hath made
  crooked?”
                    Ecclesiastes 7:13 (7)
 “Inot only think that we will
  tamper with mother nature. I think
  mother nature wants us to.”
                    Willard Gaylin (7)
In reality . . . Now . . .
Genetic   testing? Yes
Genetic testing on everyone? No
Social standing and profession
 based on genetics? No
Estimate life expectancy? Yes
Interaction between the
 environment and genetics?
 Probably, but not definite.
Do   you think GATTACA is a glimpse at
 the future?
Will we eventually do genetic testing on
 children at birth? For what reasons is it
 acceptable?
Works Cited
1.   "Actuarial Life Table." The United States Social Security Administration. 19
     Apr. 2010. Web. 27 Feb. 2011.
     <http://www.ssa.gov/OACT/STATS/table4c6.html>.
2.   Berkowitz, Ari. "Our Genes, Our Selves." BioScience 46.1 (1996): 42+.
     Serendip. 3 Sept. 1996. Web. 24 Feb. 2011.
     <http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/gen_beh/Berkowitz.html>.
3.   Davies, Kevin. "NOVA Online | Cracking the Code of Life | Nature vs
     Nurture Revisited." PBS: Public Broadcasting Service. 2001. Web. 25 Feb.
     2011. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/genome/debate.html>.
4.   Emma-Jane. "Human Spirit :: The Gattaca Fanlisting." Dreamhost, n.d.
     Web. 25 Feb. 2011. <http://audiohype.net/gattaca/movie.php>.
5.   Garykmcd. Gattaca (1997) - Plot Summary." The Internet Movie
     Database (IMDb). Amazon.com, n.d. Web. 24 Feb. 2011.
     <http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0119177/plotsummary>.
Works Cited (2)
6.  GATTACA. Dir. Andrew Niccol. Perf. Ethan Hawke, Jude Law, Uma
    Thurman. Columbia Pictures, 1997. DVD.
7.  "Gene Testing." Oak Ridge National Laboratory. U.S. Department of
    Energy Genome Program's BERIS, 17 Sept. 2010. Web. 27 Feb.
    2011.
    <http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/medicine/
    genetest.shtml>.
8.  "GTL Image Gallery Office of Science." Genomics.energy.gov--genome
    Programs of the U.S. Department of Energy. U. S. Department of
    Energy, n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2011.
    <http://genomics.energy.gov/gallery/>.
9.  "Image Gallery Gateway." Gateway to U.S. DOE Biological and
    Environmental Research Image Galleries. Biological and Environmental
    Research Information Systems (BERIS), n.d. Web. 26 Mar. 2013.
10. YouTube - Gattaca - 30.2 Years. Dir. Andrew Niccol. Perf. Ethan
    Hawke, Jude Law, Uma Thurman. Columbia Pictures, 1997. YouTube
    - Broadcast Yourself. n.d. Web. 27 Feb. 2011.
    <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48-hnujqpoA>.

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GATTACA teacher demo p pt

  • 1. Science or Science Fiction? Karen Fisher Spring 2013 http://www.dvdvcdplaza.com/cdimages/eng_gattaca.jpg
  • 2. The Plot (6, 7) Futuristic Professionaland social standing determined at birth by genetic analysis Vincent ◦ an “In-Valid” ◦ A custodian ◦ Takes the place of Jerome ◦ Goal is to travel in space
  • 3. Vincent Jerome (Ethan Hawke) (Jude Law)  Born with a congenital heart  “perfectgenetic specimen” (6) defect  Crippled in car accident  Predicted to die by age 30 Who’s Who? (5)
  • 4. 30.2 Years . . . (10)
  • 5. Science Fiction Science Genetic testing at birth Genetic testing based on Life expectancy history of family determined Life expectancy tables Environment affects Environment vs. Genetics?? Vincent’s destiny – kind of . . . . (5)
  • 6. Genetic Testing (4, 8) Carrier screening Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis of embryos Prenatal diagnostic testing Newborn screening Presymptomatic & confirmational testing on adults ◦ Huntington’s ◦ Alzheimer’s Over 1,000 tests available
  • 7. The Human Genome Mapped (9)
  • 8. How Long Do You Have? (1)
  • 9. Nature vs. Nurture Isa person’s genetic makeup the sole determinant of who a person will be? Does the environment influence a person’s development? What do you think? Some biologists believe that “we are who we are because of our genes.” (3)
  • 10. Berkowitz believes . . . (2) Genes alone rarely predict human behavior One faulty gene can dramatically change one’s behavior or physiology Gene expression is influenced by ◦ interactions of genes ◦ proteins, foods, hormones ◦ life experiences Can’t quantify the effects of genetics or the environment on “thoughts, emotions or behaviors” Bottom line: in the nature vs. nurture argument, scientific studies are inconclusive
  • 11. “Nature vs. Nurture Revisited” (3) Certain genes already identified associated with some diseases like cancer, diabetes, hypertension, Alzheimer’s Everyone has “predisposing genetic flaws” which can be used to predict disease risks. “Without laws prohibiting genetic discrimination, society may soon begin penalizing people with 'bad' genes.” Could you be denied a job, health insurance, life insurance or medical treatment because of “bad genetics?”
  • 12. Heredity & the Environment Interact (3) People with perfect pitch often have family members with the same gift Studies at the University of California show ◦ that the perfect pitch trait is highly inheritable ◦ musical training before age 6 is necessary to develop the perfect pitch
  • 13. Can the Human Spirit Overcome Genetic Destiny? “Consider God’s handiwork; who can straighten what He hath made crooked?” Ecclesiastes 7:13 (7) “Inot only think that we will tamper with mother nature. I think mother nature wants us to.” Willard Gaylin (7)
  • 14. In reality . . . Now . . . Genetic testing? Yes Genetic testing on everyone? No Social standing and profession based on genetics? No Estimate life expectancy? Yes Interaction between the environment and genetics? Probably, but not definite.
  • 15. Do you think GATTACA is a glimpse at the future? Will we eventually do genetic testing on children at birth? For what reasons is it acceptable?
  • 16. Works Cited 1. "Actuarial Life Table." The United States Social Security Administration. 19 Apr. 2010. Web. 27 Feb. 2011. <http://www.ssa.gov/OACT/STATS/table4c6.html>. 2. Berkowitz, Ari. "Our Genes, Our Selves." BioScience 46.1 (1996): 42+. Serendip. 3 Sept. 1996. Web. 24 Feb. 2011. <http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/gen_beh/Berkowitz.html>. 3. Davies, Kevin. "NOVA Online | Cracking the Code of Life | Nature vs Nurture Revisited." PBS: Public Broadcasting Service. 2001. Web. 25 Feb. 2011. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/genome/debate.html>. 4. Emma-Jane. "Human Spirit :: The Gattaca Fanlisting." Dreamhost, n.d. Web. 25 Feb. 2011. <http://audiohype.net/gattaca/movie.php>. 5. Garykmcd. Gattaca (1997) - Plot Summary." The Internet Movie Database (IMDb). Amazon.com, n.d. Web. 24 Feb. 2011. <http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0119177/plotsummary>.
  • 17. Works Cited (2) 6. GATTACA. Dir. Andrew Niccol. Perf. Ethan Hawke, Jude Law, Uma Thurman. Columbia Pictures, 1997. DVD. 7. "Gene Testing." Oak Ridge National Laboratory. U.S. Department of Energy Genome Program's BERIS, 17 Sept. 2010. Web. 27 Feb. 2011. <http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/medicine/ genetest.shtml>. 8. "GTL Image Gallery Office of Science." Genomics.energy.gov--genome Programs of the U.S. Department of Energy. U. S. Department of Energy, n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2011. <http://genomics.energy.gov/gallery/>. 9. "Image Gallery Gateway." Gateway to U.S. DOE Biological and Environmental Research Image Galleries. Biological and Environmental Research Information Systems (BERIS), n.d. Web. 26 Mar. 2013. 10. YouTube - Gattaca - 30.2 Years. Dir. Andrew Niccol. Perf. Ethan Hawke, Jude Law, Uma Thurman. Columbia Pictures, 1997. YouTube - Broadcast Yourself. n.d. Web. 27 Feb. 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48-hnujqpoA>.