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APLICACIONES DE LA INTERGRAL DEFINIDA
EJEMPLO No 4 CAPITULO 5 CALCULO DIFERENCIAL E INTEGRAL DE
PURCEL-VARBELL-RIGDON
FUERZA DE UN FLUIDO
Presentado por:
JUAN ESTEBAN ARANA VALENCIA
MILTON GUILLERMO CORSO USSA
UNIVERSIDAD DEL QUINDIO
PROGRAMA DE FÍSICA
CALCULO INTEGRAL
2021
BLAISE PASCAL
Imagen obtenida en: https://co.pinterest.com/pin/85427724161839481/
1623-1662. Matemático, físico, teólogo
católico y filósofo de origen francés. Entre
sus contribuciones a las ciencias y las
matemáticas mas importantes, están el
triangulo que lleva su nombre,
investigaciones sobre fluidos, hidrostática
e hidrodinámica y la aclaración de
conceptos tales como presión y vacío. La
unidad de medida en el Sistema
Internacional para presión lleva también
su nombre.
𝑷𝒂 =
𝑵
𝒎𝟐
CONCEPTOS
Presión: Fuerza por unidad de Área
𝑷 ≡
𝑭
𝑨
Presión en un fluido: “Cuando un fluido (gas o líquido) esta en
reposo, ejerce una fuerza perpendicular a cualquier superficie en
contacto con el, como la pared de un recipiente o un cuerpo
sumergido”.
Ley de Pascal: “La presión aplicada a un fluido encerrado se
transmite sin disminución a todas las partes del fluido y las paredes del
recipiente”
En la figura 9 los rectángulos de color azul soportan la
misma Fuerza. Para cada uno de estos la fuerza que ejerce
el fluido es el “peso” de la columna que esta directamente
encima. Como lo muestra la figura No 10.
𝐹 = 𝛿ℎ𝐴
Donde 𝛿 es la densidad del fluido
EJERCICIO
Suponga que el extremo vertical del depósito en la figura 9 tiene
la forma que se muestra en la figura 11 y que el depósito está
lleno con agua (d = 62.4 libras por pie cúbico) con una
profundidad de 5 pies. Determine la fuerza total ejercida por el
agua contra el extremo del depósito.
DESARROLLO
1. Hallamos la ecuación de la recta con los puntos
(10,6) (8,0) 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
𝑚 =
𝑦2−𝑦1
𝑥2−𝑥1
⇒ 𝑚 =
6−0
10−8
= 3 y el intercepto 𝑏 = −24
𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 24 como vamos a integrar por y 𝑥 =
1
3
𝑦 + 8
2. Planteamos la integral:
𝐹 = 𝛿ℎ𝐴 donde ℎ = 5 − 𝑦 ,
𝐴 =
1
3
𝑦 + 8 ∙ ∆𝑦
𝛿 = 62,4
𝑙𝑏
𝑓𝑡3
𝐹 = 𝛿 5 − 𝑦
1
3
𝑦 + 8 ∙ ∆𝑦
Los limites de integración se
determinan igualmente por el eje y:
𝐹 =
0
5
𝛿 5 − 𝑦
1
3
𝑦 + 8 𝑑𝑦
𝐹 =
0
5
𝛿 5 − 𝑦
1
3
𝑦 + 8 𝑑𝑦 ⇒ 𝐹 = 𝛿
0
5
5
3
𝑦 + 40 −
1
3
𝑦2
− 8𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝐹 = 𝛿
0
5
−
1
3
𝑦2 −
19
3
𝑦 + 40 𝑑𝑦 ⇒ 62,4 −
1
9
𝑦3 −
19
6
𝑦2 + 40𝑦
0
5
62,4 −
125
9
−
475
6
+ 200 =
6673 𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑠(𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑧𝑎)

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Fuerza de un fluido

  • 1. APLICACIONES DE LA INTERGRAL DEFINIDA EJEMPLO No 4 CAPITULO 5 CALCULO DIFERENCIAL E INTEGRAL DE PURCEL-VARBELL-RIGDON FUERZA DE UN FLUIDO Presentado por: JUAN ESTEBAN ARANA VALENCIA MILTON GUILLERMO CORSO USSA UNIVERSIDAD DEL QUINDIO PROGRAMA DE FÍSICA CALCULO INTEGRAL 2021
  • 2. BLAISE PASCAL Imagen obtenida en: https://co.pinterest.com/pin/85427724161839481/ 1623-1662. Matemático, físico, teólogo católico y filósofo de origen francés. Entre sus contribuciones a las ciencias y las matemáticas mas importantes, están el triangulo que lleva su nombre, investigaciones sobre fluidos, hidrostática e hidrodinámica y la aclaración de conceptos tales como presión y vacío. La unidad de medida en el Sistema Internacional para presión lleva también su nombre. 𝑷𝒂 = 𝑵 𝒎𝟐
  • 3. CONCEPTOS Presión: Fuerza por unidad de Área 𝑷 ≡ 𝑭 𝑨 Presión en un fluido: “Cuando un fluido (gas o líquido) esta en reposo, ejerce una fuerza perpendicular a cualquier superficie en contacto con el, como la pared de un recipiente o un cuerpo sumergido”. Ley de Pascal: “La presión aplicada a un fluido encerrado se transmite sin disminución a todas las partes del fluido y las paredes del recipiente”
  • 4. En la figura 9 los rectángulos de color azul soportan la misma Fuerza. Para cada uno de estos la fuerza que ejerce el fluido es el “peso” de la columna que esta directamente encima. Como lo muestra la figura No 10. 𝐹 = 𝛿ℎ𝐴 Donde 𝛿 es la densidad del fluido
  • 5. EJERCICIO Suponga que el extremo vertical del depósito en la figura 9 tiene la forma que se muestra en la figura 11 y que el depósito está lleno con agua (d = 62.4 libras por pie cúbico) con una profundidad de 5 pies. Determine la fuerza total ejercida por el agua contra el extremo del depósito.
  • 6. DESARROLLO 1. Hallamos la ecuación de la recta con los puntos (10,6) (8,0) 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑚 = 𝑦2−𝑦1 𝑥2−𝑥1 ⇒ 𝑚 = 6−0 10−8 = 3 y el intercepto 𝑏 = −24 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 24 como vamos a integrar por y 𝑥 = 1 3 𝑦 + 8 2. Planteamos la integral: 𝐹 = 𝛿ℎ𝐴 donde ℎ = 5 − 𝑦 , 𝐴 = 1 3 𝑦 + 8 ∙ ∆𝑦 𝛿 = 62,4 𝑙𝑏 𝑓𝑡3 𝐹 = 𝛿 5 − 𝑦 1 3 𝑦 + 8 ∙ ∆𝑦 Los limites de integración se determinan igualmente por el eje y: 𝐹 = 0 5 𝛿 5 − 𝑦 1 3 𝑦 + 8 𝑑𝑦
  • 7. 𝐹 = 0 5 𝛿 5 − 𝑦 1 3 𝑦 + 8 𝑑𝑦 ⇒ 𝐹 = 𝛿 0 5 5 3 𝑦 + 40 − 1 3 𝑦2 − 8𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝐹 = 𝛿 0 5 − 1 3 𝑦2 − 19 3 𝑦 + 40 𝑑𝑦 ⇒ 62,4 − 1 9 𝑦3 − 19 6 𝑦2 + 40𝑦 0 5 62,4 − 125 9 − 475 6 + 200 = 6673 𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑠(𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑧𝑎)