Front End Development for Back End Java Developers - Dublin JUG 2019

Front End Development for Back End Java Developers
September 10, 2019
Matt Raible | @mraible
Photo by Matt Dean https://www.flickr.com/photos/143733090@N05/32712944625

Blogger on raibledesigns.com and

developer.okta.com/blog
Web Developer and Java Champion
Father, Skier, Mountain Biker,
Whitewater Rafter
Open Source Developer + User
Who is Matt Raible?
Bus Lover
Okta Developer Advocate

What about You?
How many consider themselves backend
developers?
Java, .NET, Python, or Node.js?
Do you write code for UIs?
Do you like JavaScript?
What JavaScript Frameworks do you use?

OAuth 2.0 Overview
Today’s Agenda
JavaScript / TypeScript
Build Tools
JavaScript Frameworks
CSS
Progressive Web Apps
JHipster

What is modern front end development?

Web Frameworks Over the Years
github.com/mraible/history-of-web-frameworks-timeline

JSF
zeroturnaround.com/webframeworksindex
❤

JavaScript Framework Explosion

ES6, ES7 and TypeScript
ES5: es5.github.io
ES6: git.io/es6features
ES7: bit.ly/es7features
TS: www.typescriptlang.org
TSES7ES6ES5

TypeScript
$ npm install -g typescript
function greeter(person: string) { 
return "Hello, " + person; 
} 
 
var user = "Jane User"; 
 
document.body.innerHTML = greeter(user);
$ tsc greeter.ts
typescriptlang.org/docs/tutorial.html

“Node.js is a JavaScript runtime built on Chrome's V8
JavaScript engine. Node.js uses an event-driven, non-
blocking I/O model that makes it lightweight and eﬃcient.
Node’s package ecosystem, npm, is the largest
ecosystem of open source libraries in the world.”
nodejs.org
github.com/creationix/nvm

Front End Build Tools
Old School: Gulp
New School: SystemJS
Hip: Webpack
Web Dependencies:
Old School: Bower
New School: npm
Hip: yarn

Yeoman
The web's scaﬀolding tool for modern webapps
Helps you kickstart new projects
Promotes the Yeoman workﬂow
yeoman.io

Gulp
gulp.task('serve', function() {
browserSync.init({
server: './app'
});
gulp.watch(['app/**/*.js', 'app/**/*.css', 'app/**/*.html'])
.on('change', browserSync.reload);
});

Write and Bundle
// bar.js
export default function bar() {
// code here
}
// app.js
import bar from './bar';
bar();
// webpack.config.js
module.exports = {
entry: './app.js',
output: {
filename: 'bundle.js'
}
}

<html>
<head>
...
</head>
<body>
...
<script src="bundle.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

webpack.conﬁg.js
module.exports = {
entry: './src/app.js',
output: {
path: __dirname + '/src/main/webapp/public',
filename: 'bundle.js'
},
module: {
loaders: [
{
test: /.js$/,
loader: 'babel',
exclude: /node_modules/,
query: {
presets: ['es2015', 'react']
}
}
]
}
};

Leading JavaScript Frameworks in 2019
angular.io
reactjs.org
vuejs.org

“Angular and React dominate:
Nothing else even comes close.”

“2018: The Year of React
React won the popularity battle in 2017.”

“React kept a ﬁrm grip on its lead in 2018.”

@spring_io
#springio17
Hot Frameworks hotframeworks.com

@spring_io
#springio17
Jobs on Indeed (UK)
September 2019
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
Vue React Angular

@spring_io
#springio17
Jobs on Indeed (US)
September 2019
0
2,750
5,500
8,250
11,000
Vue React Angular

@spring_io
#springio17
Stack Overﬂow Tags
September 2019
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
Vue React Angular

@spring_io
#springio17
GitHub Stars
September 2019
0
40,000
80,000
120,000
160,000
Angular Backbone Knockout Ember Polymer React Vue

@spring_io
#springio17
GitHub Star Growth
star-history.t9t.io/#angular/angular&facebook/react&vuejs/vue

Hello World with Angular
import { Component } from '@angular/core';
@Component({
selector: 'my-app',
template: `<h1>Hello {{name}}</h1>`
})
export class AppComponent {
name = 'World';
}
<my-app></my-app>

import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { FormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { HttpModule } from '@angular/http';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
@NgModule({
declarations: [
AppComponent
],
imports: [
BrowserModule,
FormsModule,
HttpModule
],
providers: [],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }

import { enableProdMode } from '@angular/core';
import { platformBrowserDynamic } from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
import { AppModule } from './app/app.module';
import { environment } from './environments/environment';
if (environment.production) {
enableProdMode();
}
platformBrowserDynamic().bootstrapModule(AppModule);

ng-book
A comprehensive guide to developing with
Angular 8
Worth all your hard earned $$$
www.ng-book.com/2
“Thank you for the awesome book. It's the bible
for Angular.” — Vijay Ganta

Hello World with React
codepen.io/gaearon/pen/ZpvBNJ?editors=0100
<div id="root"></div>
<script>
ReactDOM.render(
<h1>Hello, world!</h1>,
document.getElementById('root')
);
</script>

Learning React
vimeo.com/213710634

Imperative Code
if (count > 99) {
if (!hasFire()) {
addFire();
}
} else {
if (hasFire()) {
removeFire();
}
}
if (count === 0) {
if (hasBadge()) {
removeBadge();
}
return;
}
if (!hasBadge()) {
addBadge();
}
var countText = count > 99 ? "99+" : count.toString();
getBadge().setText(countText);

Declarative Code
if (count === 0) {
return <div className="bell"/>;
} else if (count <= 99) {
return (
<div className="bell">
<span className="badge">{count}</span>
</div>
);
} else {
return (
<div className="bell onFire">
<span className="badge">99+</span>
</div>
);
}

Hello World with Vue.js
jsﬁddle.net/chrisvfritz/50wL7mdz/
<div id="app">
<p>{{ message }}</p>
</div>
<script>
new Vue({
el: '#app',
data: {
message: 'Hello Vue.js!'
}
});
</script>

Learning Vue.js
youtu.be/utJGnK9D_UQ

Vue.js Code
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
<div id="app">
<button v-on:click="clickedButton()">Click here!</button>
</div>
<script>
new Vue({
el: '#app',
methods: {
clickedButton: function(event) {
console.log(event);
alert("You clicked the button!");
}
}
});
</script>

Server-Side Support
Angular Universal merged into Angular 4
mobile.twitter.com
Nuxt.js

Cascading Style Sheets
#app {
background: #eee;
}
.blog-post {
padding: 20px;
}
.blog-post > p:first {
font-weight: 400;
}
img + span.caption {
font-style: italic;
}

Sass: Syntactically Awesome Style Sheets
#app {
background: #eee;
.blog-post {
padding: 20px;
> p:first {
font-weight: 400;
}
img + span.caption {
font-style: italic;
}
}
} sass-lang.com

CSS Framework Stars on GitHub
September 2019
0
35,000
70,000
105,000
140,000
Bootstrap Foundation Pure Skeleton Angular Material Material UI

CSS Framework Star History
star-history.t9t.io

Front End Performance Optimization
Reduce HTTP Requests
Gzip HTML, JavaScript, and CSS
Far Future Expires Headers
Code Miniﬁcation
Optimize Images

HTTP/2
Binary, instead of textual
Fully multiplexed, instead of ordered and
blocking
Can use one connection for parallelism
Uses header compression to reduce overhead
Allows servers to “push” responses proactively
into client caches

HTTP/2 Server Push in Java
bit.ly/dz-server-push-java
@WebServlet(value = {"/http2"})
public class Http2Servlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
PushBuilder pushBuilder = req.newPushBuilder();
pushBuilder.path("images/kodedu-logo.png")
.addHeader("content-type", "image/png")
.push();
try (PrintWriter respWriter = resp.getWriter();) {
respWriter.write("<html>" +
"<img src='images/kodedu-logo.png'>" +
"</html>");
}
}
}

twitter.com/kosamari/status/859958929484337152

Chrome Developer Tools
Follow Umar Hansa - @umaar
Follow Addy Osmani - @addyosmani

Framework Tools
Angular Augury
React Developer Tools
vue-devtools

“We’ve failed on mobile”
— Alex Russell
youtu.be/K1SFnrf4jZo

Mobile Hates You!
How to ﬁght back:
Implement PRPL
Get a ~$150-200 unlocked Android (e.g. Moto G4)
Use chrome://inspect && chrome://inspect?tracing
Lighthouse
DevTools Network & CPU Throttling

The PRPL Pattern
Push
Render
Pre-cache
Lazy-load

The PRPL Pattern
Push critical resources for the initial URL route
Render initial route
Pre-cache remaining routes
Lazy-load and create remaining routes on demand

Learn More About PWAs
developer.okta.com/blog/2017/07/20/the-ultimate-guide-to-progressive-web-applications

“Reusable UI widgets created using open web technology.” - MDN
Web Components consists of four technologies:
Custom Elements
HTML Templates
Shadow DOM
HTML Imports
Web Components
https://www.polymer-project.org
https://stenciljs.com
https://www.webcomponents.org

Security: OWASP Top 10
1. Injection
2. Broken Auth & Session Mgmt
3. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
4. Broken Access Control
5. Security Misconﬁguration
6. Sensitive Data Exposure
7. Insuﬃcient Attack Protection
8. Cross-Site Request Forgery
9. Components w/ Vulnerabilities
10. Underprotected APIs

🔥 Micro Frontends micro-frontends.org

Micro Frontends
martinfowler.com/articles/micro-frontends.html

@spring_io
#springio17
JHipster jhipster.tech
JHipster is a development platform to generate, develop and deploy
Spring Boot + Angular/React Web applications and Spring microservices.
and Vue! ✨

Get Started with JHipster 6 Demo
https://github.com/mraible/jhipster6-demo | https://youtu.be/uQqlO3IGpTU

JHipster 6 Tutorials and Videos
Monolith
github.com/mraible/jhipster6-demo
Microservices
developer.okta.com/blog/2019/05/23/java-
microservices-spring-cloud-conﬁg

The JHipster Mini-Book
Written with Asciidoctor
Quick and to the point, 164 pages
Developed a real world app:
www.21-points.com
Free Download from
infoq.com/minibooks/jhipster-mini-book
@jhipster_book

What You Learned
ES6 and TypeScript
Node.js and nvm
Angular, React, and Vue
CSS and Sass
Front End Performance Optimization
Progressive Web Apps

Action!
Don’t be afraid to try new things
Learn JavaScript or TypeScript
Try one of these frameworks
Form your own opinions
Or just wait a few months…

developer.okta.com/blog
@oktadev

Questions?
Keep in touch!
raibledesigns.com
@mraible
Presentations
speakerdeck.com/mraible
Code
github.com/oktadeveloper

Front End Development for Back End Java Developers - Dublin JUG 2019

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