How much a country is talked about in the media can determine its place in the public debate. In this brief, we collect data on the mentions of Eastern and Western European countries in the main Swedish newspapers over the past decades. We find consistently more coverage devoted to Western compared to Eastern Europe in the Swedish press. We investigate several factors that could explain this pattern. We find that while Eastern European countries are on average not more geographically distant from Sweden, Sweden tends to have closer trade links with Western European countries. Sweden is more culturally similar to the average Western European country in terms of language, religion and attitudes, cultural values and social norms. Trade relations and cultural proximity are associated with higher media coverage.
Read more policy briefs and economic analysis: https://freepolicybriefs.org/2022/02/07/swedish-foreign-news-coverage/
This project covers Switzerland in general, Economy of Switzerland,Famous Swiss Companies,Present economic condition in Switzerland,Trading partners of Switzerland, Switzerland's trading relations with India.
FRIEDRICH-EBERT-STIFTUNG
EIN PROJEKT DER FRIEDRICH-EBERT-STIFTUNG
IN DEN JAHREN 2015 BIS 2017
Europe needs social democracy!
Why do we really want Europe? Can we demonstrate to European citizens the opportunities
offered by social politics and a strong social democracy in Europe? This is the aim of the new
Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung project »Politics for Europe«. It shows that European integration can
be done in a democratic, economic and socially balanced way and with a reliable foreign policy.
The following issues will be particularly important:
– Democratic Europe
– Economic and social policy in Europe
– Foreign and security policy in Europe
Geography and History of Sweden
Sweden is the fourth largest European country with a total area of 450,295 sq. kms. It is
physically located to the east of the Scandinavian Peninsula. Sweden slopes to the east and South
from Kjolen Mountains, bordering Norway with Kebnekaise as its highest point (about 2,123m).
Mountains and lakes characterize Northern Sweden while southern and eastern regions have
lowlands, with plains and fertile forestry valleys.
- See more at: http://www.customwritingservice.org/blog/academic-research-paper-on-sweden
This report examines some of the main demographic trends in Dublin over the past two decades. While the focus is on the Dublin City Council area the results are placed in the context of the Dublin Region, Greater Dublin Area (GDA) and the State. The report also sets Ireland in its broader European and global context
This project covers Switzerland in general, Economy of Switzerland,Famous Swiss Companies,Present economic condition in Switzerland,Trading partners of Switzerland, Switzerland's trading relations with India.
FRIEDRICH-EBERT-STIFTUNG
EIN PROJEKT DER FRIEDRICH-EBERT-STIFTUNG
IN DEN JAHREN 2015 BIS 2017
Europe needs social democracy!
Why do we really want Europe? Can we demonstrate to European citizens the opportunities
offered by social politics and a strong social democracy in Europe? This is the aim of the new
Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung project »Politics for Europe«. It shows that European integration can
be done in a democratic, economic and socially balanced way and with a reliable foreign policy.
The following issues will be particularly important:
– Democratic Europe
– Economic and social policy in Europe
– Foreign and security policy in Europe
Geography and History of Sweden
Sweden is the fourth largest European country with a total area of 450,295 sq. kms. It is
physically located to the east of the Scandinavian Peninsula. Sweden slopes to the east and South
from Kjolen Mountains, bordering Norway with Kebnekaise as its highest point (about 2,123m).
Mountains and lakes characterize Northern Sweden while southern and eastern regions have
lowlands, with plains and fertile forestry valleys.
- See more at: http://www.customwritingservice.org/blog/academic-research-paper-on-sweden
This report examines some of the main demographic trends in Dublin over the past two decades. While the focus is on the Dublin City Council area the results are placed in the context of the Dublin Region, Greater Dublin Area (GDA) and the State. The report also sets Ireland in its broader European and global context
Demography in europe - a world of inequalitiesGRAZIA TANTA
In 2007, in the Lisbon Treaty, with pomp and circumstance, territorial and social cohesion was promised within the EU. In 2021, demographic discrepancies remain enormous and permanent.
Summary
1 - Demography reflects the capitalist drift and its promoters
2 - Demographic trends in the European regions
3 - The enduring demographic inequalities
4 - Permanent internal regional inequalities
Anders Olofsgård (with A. Boschini).
Published in Journal of Development Studies.
In this paper, we test the argument that the sizeable reduction in aggregate aid levels in the 1990’s was due to the end of the Cold War. We test two different models using a dynamic econometric specification on a panel of 17 donor countries, spanning the years 1970-1997. We find aid to be positively related to military expenditures in the former Eastern bloc during the cold war, but not in the 1990’s, suggesting that the reductions in aid disbursements are driven by the disappearance of an important motive for aid. Our results also suggest that aid allocation may have become less strategic in the 1990’s.
Que mejor manera que celebrar el Día de Europa con una presentación en Inglés de PowerPoint con los datos de uno de los paises miembros de la Unión Europea
Running head POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TURMOIL LEADING TO DEPRESSION.docxglendar3
Running head: POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TURMOIL LEADING TO DEPRESSION 1
Political and Economic Turmoil Leading to Depression Yinfan Li B00699999
Political and Economic Turmoil Leading to Depression
Yinfan Li
B00699999
Dalhousie University
Jonathan Simms
Econ 2239
2019/1/23
Political and economic turmoil leading to depression
Economic, political and social growth in a country depends on various factors that are often interconnected and consequently related. Political stability is one of the most important aspects that determine the success and growth of any country across the world. However, when this vital item is lacking, countries are often thrown into turmoil and the state of confusion with activities dwindling as a result. Countries across Europe experienced different levels of political and economic woes before, during and after the 19th century. This paper, therefore, intends to offer a comprehensive analysis of various political and economic turmoil in different European countries that lead to the great depression.
Economies of Norway, Sweden and Denmark took and other European countries diversified direction since the 1980’s. These economic changes influenced the political status of the Scandinavia countries leading to depression. For instance, despite a small population of Sweden, its economy is quite important and significant as a test on the general economic system of Europe at large (Eichengreen & Temin, 2000). The private sector had a higher percentage in terms of production while the government only controlled fifty percent. Industrialization was one of the major economic events which led to the transformation of the Scandinavian countries politically and economically.
Industrialization in Sweden was positively influenced during the First World War. This was due to the construction of the railway which linked northern Sweden and the southern. Due to its mining-based economy, specialized metals industry was developed which majored in the production of metal-based manufactured products. In Denmark, industrialization began by around 1890s though it was confined to Copenhagen after which other small towns began to grow rapidly. Denmark maintained its position as an agricultural based country until the 20th century where modern methods in production and processing were brought on board. This resulted in majoring in the processing of dairy and meat as opposed to exporting raw agricultural products to other countries (Eichengreen & Temin, 2000). Use of new technologies and innovations in producing dairy machinery, turbines and electric motors greatly facilitated the process of production. As a result of this economic event, the country became more independent hence politically stable. There was increased better living conditions and even consumerism as there were ready-made goods and mass production.
Denmark, Norway, and Sweden together formed Scandinavism movement which acted as a politic.
Running head POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TURMOIL LEADING TO DEPRESSION.docxtodd581
Running head: POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TURMOIL LEADING TO DEPRESSION 1
Political and Economic Turmoil Leading to Depression Yinfan Li B00699999
Political and Economic Turmoil Leading to Depression
Yinfan Li
B00699999
Dalhousie University
Jonathan Simms
Econ 2239
2019/1/23
Political and economic turmoil leading to depression
Economic, political and social growth in a country depends on various factors that are often interconnected and consequently related. Political stability is one of the most important aspects that determine the success and growth of any country across the world. However, when this vital item is lacking, countries are often thrown into turmoil and the state of confusion with activities dwindling as a result. Countries across Europe experienced different levels of political and economic woes before, during and after the 19th century. This paper, therefore, intends to offer a comprehensive analysis of various political and economic turmoil in different European countries that lead to the great depression.
Economies of Norway, Sweden and Denmark took and other European countries diversified direction since the 1980’s. These economic changes influenced the political status of the Scandinavia countries leading to depression. For instance, despite a small population of Sweden, its economy is quite important and significant as a test on the general economic system of Europe at large (Eichengreen & Temin, 2000). The private sector had a higher percentage in terms of production while the government only controlled fifty percent. Industrialization was one of the major economic events which led to the transformation of the Scandinavian countries politically and economically.
Industrialization in Sweden was positively influenced during the First World War. This was due to the construction of the railway which linked northern Sweden and the southern. Due to its mining-based economy, specialized metals industry was developed which majored in the production of metal-based manufactured products. In Denmark, industrialization began by around 1890s though it was confined to Copenhagen after which other small towns began to grow rapidly. Denmark maintained its position as an agricultural based country until the 20th century where modern methods in production and processing were brought on board. This resulted in majoring in the processing of dairy and meat as opposed to exporting raw agricultural products to other countries (Eichengreen & Temin, 2000). Use of new technologies and innovations in producing dairy machinery, turbines and electric motors greatly facilitated the process of production. As a result of this economic event, the country became more independent hence politically stable. There was increased better living conditions and even consumerism as there were ready-made goods and mass production.
Denmark, Norway, and Sweden together formed Scandinavism movement which acted as a politic.
Short Essay On Germany
Germany Essay
German Tutor
German Nationalism
Culture Of German Culture
Culture Of German Culture
Essay about The German Education System
German Culture Essay
Essay about Germany
The German Refugee Analysis
Culture Of German Culture
War On German Immigrants
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
This year SITE’s Development Day will focus on sanctions and other strategies to curb Russian export revenues and the Russian war economy more generally, support Ukraine’s reconstruction efforts, and combat disinformation.
In recent years, there have been several high-profile leaks of documents related to the offshore financial industry, such as the Pandora Papers released last year. Some of the data contained in the leaked documents have now been made public. In this brief, we discuss the advantages and pitfalls of using these data for economic analysis. We show that despite some caveats, there are patterns in these data that can shed light on a secretive industry. For instance, the number of offshore entities linked to a country increases significantly when that country experiences a change in political leadership. By contrast, financial sanctions on a given country result in a reduction in the number of established offshore entities. In the immediate aftermath of the financial crisis, many countries signed bilateral treaties with tax havens in order to promote transparency. Our analysis of the leaked data shows that the overwhelming majority of offshore entities are not governed by these treaties.
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Similar to From East to West: A Paper Curtain in Swedish Foreign News Coverage?
Demography in europe - a world of inequalitiesGRAZIA TANTA
In 2007, in the Lisbon Treaty, with pomp and circumstance, territorial and social cohesion was promised within the EU. In 2021, demographic discrepancies remain enormous and permanent.
Summary
1 - Demography reflects the capitalist drift and its promoters
2 - Demographic trends in the European regions
3 - The enduring demographic inequalities
4 - Permanent internal regional inequalities
Anders Olofsgård (with A. Boschini).
Published in Journal of Development Studies.
In this paper, we test the argument that the sizeable reduction in aggregate aid levels in the 1990’s was due to the end of the Cold War. We test two different models using a dynamic econometric specification on a panel of 17 donor countries, spanning the years 1970-1997. We find aid to be positively related to military expenditures in the former Eastern bloc during the cold war, but not in the 1990’s, suggesting that the reductions in aid disbursements are driven by the disappearance of an important motive for aid. Our results also suggest that aid allocation may have become less strategic in the 1990’s.
Que mejor manera que celebrar el Día de Europa con una presentación en Inglés de PowerPoint con los datos de uno de los paises miembros de la Unión Europea
Running head POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TURMOIL LEADING TO DEPRESSION.docxglendar3
Running head: POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TURMOIL LEADING TO DEPRESSION 1
Political and Economic Turmoil Leading to Depression Yinfan Li B00699999
Political and Economic Turmoil Leading to Depression
Yinfan Li
B00699999
Dalhousie University
Jonathan Simms
Econ 2239
2019/1/23
Political and economic turmoil leading to depression
Economic, political and social growth in a country depends on various factors that are often interconnected and consequently related. Political stability is one of the most important aspects that determine the success and growth of any country across the world. However, when this vital item is lacking, countries are often thrown into turmoil and the state of confusion with activities dwindling as a result. Countries across Europe experienced different levels of political and economic woes before, during and after the 19th century. This paper, therefore, intends to offer a comprehensive analysis of various political and economic turmoil in different European countries that lead to the great depression.
Economies of Norway, Sweden and Denmark took and other European countries diversified direction since the 1980’s. These economic changes influenced the political status of the Scandinavia countries leading to depression. For instance, despite a small population of Sweden, its economy is quite important and significant as a test on the general economic system of Europe at large (Eichengreen & Temin, 2000). The private sector had a higher percentage in terms of production while the government only controlled fifty percent. Industrialization was one of the major economic events which led to the transformation of the Scandinavian countries politically and economically.
Industrialization in Sweden was positively influenced during the First World War. This was due to the construction of the railway which linked northern Sweden and the southern. Due to its mining-based economy, specialized metals industry was developed which majored in the production of metal-based manufactured products. In Denmark, industrialization began by around 1890s though it was confined to Copenhagen after which other small towns began to grow rapidly. Denmark maintained its position as an agricultural based country until the 20th century where modern methods in production and processing were brought on board. This resulted in majoring in the processing of dairy and meat as opposed to exporting raw agricultural products to other countries (Eichengreen & Temin, 2000). Use of new technologies and innovations in producing dairy machinery, turbines and electric motors greatly facilitated the process of production. As a result of this economic event, the country became more independent hence politically stable. There was increased better living conditions and even consumerism as there were ready-made goods and mass production.
Denmark, Norway, and Sweden together formed Scandinavism movement which acted as a politic.
Running head POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TURMOIL LEADING TO DEPRESSION.docxtodd581
Running head: POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TURMOIL LEADING TO DEPRESSION 1
Political and Economic Turmoil Leading to Depression Yinfan Li B00699999
Political and Economic Turmoil Leading to Depression
Yinfan Li
B00699999
Dalhousie University
Jonathan Simms
Econ 2239
2019/1/23
Political and economic turmoil leading to depression
Economic, political and social growth in a country depends on various factors that are often interconnected and consequently related. Political stability is one of the most important aspects that determine the success and growth of any country across the world. However, when this vital item is lacking, countries are often thrown into turmoil and the state of confusion with activities dwindling as a result. Countries across Europe experienced different levels of political and economic woes before, during and after the 19th century. This paper, therefore, intends to offer a comprehensive analysis of various political and economic turmoil in different European countries that lead to the great depression.
Economies of Norway, Sweden and Denmark took and other European countries diversified direction since the 1980’s. These economic changes influenced the political status of the Scandinavia countries leading to depression. For instance, despite a small population of Sweden, its economy is quite important and significant as a test on the general economic system of Europe at large (Eichengreen & Temin, 2000). The private sector had a higher percentage in terms of production while the government only controlled fifty percent. Industrialization was one of the major economic events which led to the transformation of the Scandinavian countries politically and economically.
Industrialization in Sweden was positively influenced during the First World War. This was due to the construction of the railway which linked northern Sweden and the southern. Due to its mining-based economy, specialized metals industry was developed which majored in the production of metal-based manufactured products. In Denmark, industrialization began by around 1890s though it was confined to Copenhagen after which other small towns began to grow rapidly. Denmark maintained its position as an agricultural based country until the 20th century where modern methods in production and processing were brought on board. This resulted in majoring in the processing of dairy and meat as opposed to exporting raw agricultural products to other countries (Eichengreen & Temin, 2000). Use of new technologies and innovations in producing dairy machinery, turbines and electric motors greatly facilitated the process of production. As a result of this economic event, the country became more independent hence politically stable. There was increased better living conditions and even consumerism as there were ready-made goods and mass production.
Denmark, Norway, and Sweden together formed Scandinavism movement which acted as a politic.
Short Essay On Germany
Germany Essay
German Tutor
German Nationalism
Culture Of German Culture
Culture Of German Culture
Essay about The German Education System
German Culture Essay
Essay about Germany
The German Refugee Analysis
Culture Of German Culture
War On German Immigrants
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
This year SITE’s Development Day will focus on sanctions and other strategies to curb Russian export revenues and the Russian war economy more generally, support Ukraine’s reconstruction efforts, and combat disinformation.
In recent years, there have been several high-profile leaks of documents related to the offshore financial industry, such as the Pandora Papers released last year. Some of the data contained in the leaked documents have now been made public. In this brief, we discuss the advantages and pitfalls of using these data for economic analysis. We show that despite some caveats, there are patterns in these data that can shed light on a secretive industry. For instance, the number of offshore entities linked to a country increases significantly when that country experiences a change in political leadership. By contrast, financial sanctions on a given country result in a reduction in the number of established offshore entities. In the immediate aftermath of the financial crisis, many countries signed bilateral treaties with tax havens in order to promote transparency. Our analysis of the leaked data shows that the overwhelming majority of offshore entities are not governed by these treaties.
The recent record-high gas prices have triggered legitimate concerns regarding the EU’s energy security, especially with dependence on natural gas from Russia. This brief discusses the historical and current risks associated with Russian gas imports. We argue that decreasing the reliance on Russian gas may not be feasible in the short-to-mid-run, especially with the EU’s goals of green transition and the electrification of the economy. To ensure the security of natural gas supply from Russia, the EU has to adopt the (long-proclaimed) coordinated energy policy strategy.
The need for urgent climate action and energy transformation away from fossil fuels is widely acknowledged. Yet, current country plans for emission reductions do not reach the requirements to contain global warming under 2°C. What is worse, there is even reasonable doubt about the commitment to said plans given recent history and existing future investment plans into fossil fuel extraction and infrastructure development. This policy brief shortly summarizes the presentations and discussions at the SITE Development Day Conference, held on December 8, 2021, focusing on climate change policies and the challenge of a green energy transition in Eastern Europe.
We are delighted to announce the first online workshop organised as part of the Forum for Research on Gender Economics (FROGEE) under the FREE Network umbrella in collaboration with Stockholm Institute of Transition Economics (SITE). The workshop will bring together researchers and experts working in the area of gender economics on issues related to gender inequality.
The COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting lockdown restrictions have amplified the academic and policy interest in the causes and consequences of domestic violence. With this in mind, the FREE Network invites academic papers to an online workshop focused on "Economic perspectives on domestic violence".
The Covid-19 pandemic is affecting everyone around the globe and leaves none of us untouched. However, much of the focus in international media has been on the most affected countries and richer countries in East Asia, the European Union and the United States with less attention given to countries around the Baltic Sea, in Eastern Europe and the Caucasus. Since the FREE Network includes research and policy institutes in Belarus (BEROC), Latvia (BICEPS), Russia (CEFIR@NES), Poland (CenEA), Georgia (ISET), Ukraine (KSE) and Sweden (SITE), we are uniquely placed to provide a comprehensive regional perspective on the pandemic with examples of very different strategies implemented in the countries concerned.
In this presentation experts from FREE NETWORK provide a first overview of how countries in the region have fared in the pandemic and allow for a better understanding of what governments have done, how people have responded, how other countries are being portrayed in the national media, and what the current discussions focus on.
For more information please visit our website: https://freepolicybriefs.org/
To celebrate 30 years since the 1989 parliamentary elections which paved the way to political and economic transformation in Poland and initiated the overthrow of the communist rule in the region of Central and Eastern Europe, CenEA and the FREE Network organise a conference entitled: “Policy Lessons After 30 Years of Research on Transition”
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How to get verified on Coinbase Account?_.docxBuy bitget
t's important to note that buying verified Coinbase accounts is not recommended and may violate Coinbase's terms of service. Instead of searching to "buy verified Coinbase accounts," follow the proper steps to verify your own account to ensure compliance and security.
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank Introduce New Co-Branded Credit Cardnickysharmasucks
The unveiling of the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card marks a notable milestone in the Indian financial landscape, showcasing a successful partnership between two leading institutions, Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank. This co-branded credit card not only offers users a plethora of benefits but also reflects a commitment to innovation and adaptation. With a focus on providing value-driven and customer-centric solutions, this launch represents more than just a new product—it signifies a step towards redefining the banking experience for millions. Promising convenience, rewards, and a touch of luxury in everyday financial transactions, this collaboration aims to cater to the evolving needs of customers and set new standards in the industry.
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
Exploring Abhay Bhutada’s Views After Poonawalla Fincorp’s Collaboration With...beulahfernandes8
The financial landscape in India has witnessed a significant development with the recent collaboration between Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank.
The launch of the co-branded credit card, the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card, marks a major milestone for both entities.
This strategic move aims to redefine and elevate the banking experience for customers.
Exploring Abhay Bhutada’s Views After Poonawalla Fincorp’s Collaboration With...
From East to West: A Paper Curtain in Swedish Foreign News Coverage?
1. FREE POLICY
NETWORK BRIEF SERIES
Svante Strömberg, SITE
Maiting Zhuang, SITE
February 2022
From East to West: A Paper
Curtain in Swedish Foreign
News Coverage?
How much a country is talked about in the media can determine its place in
the public debate. In this brief, we collect data on the mentions of Eastern
and Western European countries in the main Swedish newspapers over the
past decades. We find consistently more coverage devoted to Western
compared to Eastern Europe in the Swedish press. We investigate several
factors that could explain this pattern. We find that while Eastern European
countries are on average not more geographically distant from Sweden,
Sweden tends to have closer trade links with Western European countries.
Sweden is more culturally similar to the average Western European country
in terms of language, religion and attitudes, cultural values and social norms.
Trade relations and cultural proximity are associated with higher media
coverage.
2. 2
From East to West: A Paper Curtain in
Swedish Foreign News Coverage?
The media plays a vital role in modern societies by
keeping the public informed and policymakers
accountable. Whether and how events are covered
by the news determines their relevance in the
public debate. There is ample empirical evidence
on the agenda-setting power of the news media.
For example, Snyder and Strömberg (2010) show
that local press coverage affects how informed US
voters are about their representatives and in turn
how much their politicians work in the interest of
their constituencies. Eisensee and Strömberg
(2007) find that news coverage affects how much
disaster relief the US sends to foreign countries.
In this brief, we study the amount of news
coverage devoted to European countries in the
Swedish press. We document a systematic
difference between Western and Eastern Europe
and explore underlying factors that could be
important in explaining this East-West divide.
The East-West Divide
We choose the four most widely read Swedish
newspapers (Aftonbladet, Expressen, Dagens
Nyheter, and Svenska Dagbladet) and use the
newspaper database Retriever Research Media
Archive to obtain statistics on the number of
mentions of each country between 1995 and 2021.
A country mention is an article in which the name
of a country appears. Since two or more countries
can be named in the same article, the total number
of mentions does not correspond to the number of
articles. As a percentage of all articles published
by the four newspapers in 2021, roughly 20%
mention at least one of these countries. While this
simple measure of news coverage can be
informative, it does not take into account many
other aspects of a country’s prominence in the
news, such as the length of articles, where articles
appear, the tone of coverage, etc.
Figure 1 plots the sum of annual number of
mentions by region over time. We see a clear
difference in the amount of coverage devoted to
Eastern and Western European countries. Over the
entire time period, the 21 Western European
countries were mentioned on average 2.7 times
more than the 22 Eastern European countries.
While there does not appear to be a trend in
relative coverage, there is considerable variation
from year to year. The year when the relative
difference in the number of mentions is smallest is
2014. The two most mentioned Eastern European
countries in that year were Russia and Ukraine.
Coverage likely increased due to the Crimean
Crisis, when Russia invaded and annexed the
Crimean Peninsula in Southern Ukraine. The
relative difference was also low in 2008, coinciding
with the Russo-Georgian war in August. In that
year, other newsworthy events, such as the Global
Financial Crisis or the UEFA European Football
Championship, have a more ambiguous effect on
relative media coverage.
Figure 1. Country mentions in Swedish
newspapers
Note: Countries included in Eastern Europe: Albania,
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia,
Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Montenegro, North
Macedonia, Poland, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Ukraine. Countries included in Western Europe: Andorra,
Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta,
Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, San Marino, Spain,
Switzerland, United Kingdom.
3. 3
From East to West: A Paper Curtain in
Swedish Foreign News Coverage?
What Explains This
Discrepancy Between East
and West?
There are a number of potential reasons why some
countries systematically receive more attention in
the press. In this section, we correlate the mean
annual mentions of each country between 2019
and 2021 with different aspects of that country’s
relationship with Sweden.
Distance and population
Figure 2 shows how news coverage of a country
depends on its geographic distance to Sweden and
its population size. Overall, the further a country
is from Sweden, the less that country is covered in
the Swedish press. On average, Eastern European
countries (in yellow) are covered less than
Western European countries (in blue), for a given
distance to Sweden. For example, Poland and
Germany are both around 1000km away from
Sweden, but Germany is mentioned almost twice
as often in the Swedish press. As we measure the
distance between the most populous city of each
country and Stockholm, some of this difference in
coverage is driven by the fact that countries
sharing a border with Sweden receive extensive
coverage. For instance, Denmark, Finland, and
Norway are on average covered more than six
times as much as Latvia.
Population also plays a role, that is, larger
countries (e.g., Germany, Russia, Spain, and
Poland) receive more coverage than smaller
countries (e.g., Lithuania, Ireland, and Estonia). As
Eastern European countries have on average
smaller populations than Western European
countries, population can partly explain the East-
West difference in news coverage. One
counterexample is Russia, which has more than
twice as many people as France or the UK, but
receives less coverage in the Swedish press.
Figure 2. Geographical distance and
population
Note: Geodesic distances are calculated between the latitudes
and longitudes of the most populous city of each country and
Stockholm. Marker sizes are weighted by population
averaged over 2019-2021, and fitted line is unweighted.
Source: CEPII’s GeoDist dataset (Mayer and Zignago, 2006)
and the World Bank. See Figure 1 for a list of countries
included.
Trade and GDP
Figure 3 shows that Sweden’s economic
relationship with a country affects how much the
country features in Swedish news. We find a
strong positive correlation of 0.8 between a
country’s total trade volume with Sweden and
country mentions in Swedish newspapers. As
Sweden’s largest trading partners tend to be in
Western Europe, this partly explains the relative
coverage of East and West. Another factor is the
overall size of a country’s economy (as measured
by its GDP). Swedish newspapers more
commonly mention countries with higher GDP,
and these are more likely to be in Western than
Eastern Europe.
4. 4
From East to West: A Paper Curtain in
Swedish Foreign News Coverage?
Figure 3. Trade and GDP
Note: Trade data are from 2019. Marker sizes are weighted by
national GDP, and fitted line is unweighted. GDP figures are
averaged over 2019-2021 and measured in current prices, PPP
adjusted, international dollars. Source: The World Bank’s
WITS database and the IMF World Economic Outlook, October
2021. See Figure 1 for a list of included countries.
Culture
There is a large literature documenting the link
between cultural factors and the economic
relationship between nations. For instance, studies
show that similarities in ancestry, language,
religion, norms and values can influence bilateral
trade (Melitz, 2008; Guiso et al., 2009) and the
diffusion of technology (Spolaore et al., 2009). In
this section, we show how the amount of press
coverage correlates with differences in language,
religion, and values and norms using cultural
distance data from Spolaore and Wacziarg (2016).
Figure 4.a shows that Swedish newspapers are
more prone to cover countries whose languages
are similar to Swedish. The language similarity
measure originally developed by Fearon (2003) is
based on the prevalence of languages within a
country and distance between languages. The
distance measure is calculated using linguistic
trees provided in Ethnologue. It ranges from 0
(close) to 1 (distant) and reflects the expected
number of common linguistic nodes between two
randomly chosen individuals from each country
and takes into account that countries can be
linguistically heterogeneous (for more details, see
Fearon 2003). Norway and Denmark are
linguistically closest to Sweden, however, these
are also two neighboring countries with which
Sweden conducts extensive trade. On average,
Eastern European countries are more linguistically
distant from Sweden, although some Western
European countries (such as France and Spain) are
as linguistically distant from Sweden as many of
the Eastern European countries and receive
considerably more press coverage.
The religious distance measure by Spolaore and
Wacziarg (2016) is calculated analogously to the
linguistic distance measurement. It is based on the
prevalence of different religions within a country
and the distance between religions. Figure 4.b
shows that countries that are religiously different
from Sweden receive less coverage in the Swedish
media. With the exception of the three
Scandinavian countries, Eastern and Western
European countries have similar levels of religious
distance to Sweden. Based solely on this metric,
the Swedish press mentions Eastern European
countries less (and Western European countries
more) than their religious distance to Sweden
would predict.
Figure 4.c shows an index of a country’s cultural
proximity to Sweden, that is, its distance in terms
of cultural values, attitudes and norms based on
average responses to the World Value Surveys
from 1981 to 2010 (see Spolaore and Wacziarg,
2016). This cultural proximity index aggregates
the Euclidian distances in survey responses
between each country and Sweden. The index is
standardized so that 0 shows the average
country’s cultural distance to Sweden and
negative (positive) values indicate above (below)
average cultural similarity. Western European
countries are significantly closer to Sweden than
Eastern European countries based on this
measure. As Swedish press coverage is on average
declining in a country’s cultural distance to
Sweden, this difference in country’s values and
attitudes can explain some of the East-West
difference in media coverage.
5. 5
From East to West: A Paper Curtain in
Swedish Foreign News Coverage?
Figure 4. Cultural distance
Panel a. Linguistic distance
Note: We use the indicator of tree-based weighted linguistic
distance from Spolaore and Wacziarg (2016) and originally
developed in Fearon (2003). This measure is an estimate of the
expected or weighted number of common linguistic nodes
between two randomly chosen individuals from each
country. The data on language prevalence is compiled from a
number of different sources and assembled in Fearon (2003).
Countries included in Eastern Europe: Albania, Armenia,
Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic,
Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova,
Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine. Countries
included in Western Europe: Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany (average between East and West
Germany), Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom
Panel b. Religious distance
Note: We use the tree-based weighted religious distance from
Spolaore and Wacziarg (2016). This measure is an estimate of
the expected distance between the religions of two randomly
chosen individuals from each country. See Figure 4.a for a list
of included countries.
Panel c. Distance in cultural values, attitudes, and
norms
Note: We use the distance in cultural norms and values from
Spolaore and Wacziarg (2016). This measure is based on all
value-related questions from the World Values Survey
Integrated Questionnaire from 1981–2010. The mean distance
across countries is standardized to zero. See Figure 4.a for a
list of countries included.
Conclusion
As the public and policymakers primarily receive
information from the mass media, news coverage
can have profound effects on public debate and
policy decisions. Using data on content of the four
most widely read Swedish newspapers over the
past decades, we measure how much the Swedish
press covers Eastern and Western European
countries. We find that over the past 25 years,
there have been 2.7 times more mentions of
Western than Eastern European countries. We find
that the Swedish press is more likely to mention
countries that are geographically closer, more
populous, have a larger GDP and more trade with
Sweden. Cultural proximity (as measured by
language, religion and values, attitudes and social
norms) also correlates with higher coverage. These
factors are of course not independent from each
other. For instance, the other Scandinavian
countries with whom Sweden shares a border and
a history, are culturally similar to Sweden and
some of Sweden’s most important trading
partners. They are also some of the countries that
are most covered by the Swedish press. Some of
these factors, such as sharing similar values,
appear to explain the gap in coverage between
6. 6
From East to West: A Paper Curtain in
Swedish Foreign News Coverage?
East and West, while others, such as geographic
distance, do not. More recently, concerns over
energy security in the EU (see e.g., Le Coq and
Paltseva, 2022) and the rise in military tension
between Russia and Ukraine illustrate how
developments in Eastern Europe can directly
affect life here in Sweden. Perhaps it is time for
Sweden to pay more attention to her eastern
neighbors?
References
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floods, and US disaster relief”. The Quarterly Journal of
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Fearon, J. (2003) “Ethnic and Cultural Diversity by Country”,
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Guiso, L., Sapienza, P., & Zingales, L. (2009). “Cultural biases
in economic exchange?”. The Quarterly Journal of
Economics, 124(3), 1095-1131.
Le Coq, C. & Paltseva, E. (2022). “What does the Gas Crisis
Reveal About European Energy Security?” FREE Policy Briefs.
Mayer, T. & Zignago, S. (2006). “GeoDist: The CEPII’s
Distances and Geo-graphical Database” MPRA Paper No.
31243.
Melitz, J. (2008). “Language and foreign trade”. European
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Snyder, J. M., & Strömberg, D. (2010). “Press coverage and
political accountability”. Journal of Political Economy, 118(2),
355-408.
Spolaore, E., & Wacziarg, R. (2009). “The diffusion of
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culture”. In The Palgrave Handbook of Economics and
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7. freepolicybriefs.com
The Forum for Research on Eastern Europe and
Emerging Economies is a network of academic experts
on economic issues in Eastern Europe and the former
Soviet Union at BEROC (Minsk), BICEPS (Riga), CEFIR
(Moscow), CenEA (Szczecin), KEI (Kiev) and SITE
(Stockholm). The weekly FREE Network Policy Brief
Series provides research-based analyses of economic
policy issues relevant to Eastern Europe and emerging
markets. Opinions expressed in policy briefs and other
publications are those of the authors; they do not necessarily
reflect those of the FREE Network and its research institutes.
Svante Strömberg
Stockholm Institute of Transition Economics
(SITE)
Svante.Stromberg@hhs.se
https://www.hhs.se/en/persons/s/stromb
erg-svante/
Svante holds M.Sc. in Econometrics and a B.Sc. in
Economics from Stockholm University. He works
as a full-time research assistant for the Stockholm
Institute for Transition Economics (SITE).
Maiting Zhuang
Stockholm Institute of Transition Economics
(SITE)
Maiting.Zhuang @hhs.se
https://www.hhs.se/en/persons/z/zhuang
-maiting/
Maiting is a researcher at the Stockholm Institute
of Transition Economics (SITE) – Stockholm
School of Economics. She completed her PhD in
Economics at the Paris School of Economics in
2020. She has previously worked as an economist
at the Bank of England. Maiting's primary
research interests are in political economy and
development economics.