This document outlines a workshop about freedom of speech and assembly. It will raise awareness about the Arab Spring uprisings through discussing case studies like Nabeel Rajab, who organized protests in Bahrain and was imprisoned. The workshop will also explore freedom of speech in Denmark and the limits placed on public expression for reasons like insults, national security, and protecting confidentiality. An interactive activity will allow participants to discuss whether certain types of speech should be allowed or restricted in a democracy.
This session will look at challenges related to free speech online. We will address restrictions to freedom of expression from technological challenges (filters, surveillance techniques, blocking access to websites) to the introduction of new laws that curb digital freedom. We will also cover the increasing trend of takedown requests, the phenomenon of privatisation of censorship as well as threats, intimidation and violence against citizen journalists and bloggers. Through detailed case studies, participants will have the opportunity to explore the various implications of online censorship for media freedom. Case studies will include examples from countries such as Azerbaijan, Turkey, Belarus, India and Brazil.
Social Media and Cyber Law in India By Prashant MaliAdv Prashant Mali
Social Media and Cyber Law for DSCI Infosec event - Prashant Mali
Section 66A of the IT Act,2000 and freedom of expression on internet and social networking websites
The No Hate Speech Movement campaign would like to give 10 reasons why to take action against hate speech. This presentation was held by Gavan Titley at the No Hate Speech Movement conference 7-9 Nov 2013 in Strasbourg.
www.nohatespeechmovement.org
www.facebook.com/nohatespeech
www.facebook.com/groups/combatinghatespeech
This session will look at challenges related to free speech online. We will address restrictions to freedom of expression from technological challenges (filters, surveillance techniques, blocking access to websites) to the introduction of new laws that curb digital freedom. We will also cover the increasing trend of takedown requests, the phenomenon of privatisation of censorship as well as threats, intimidation and violence against citizen journalists and bloggers. Through detailed case studies, participants will have the opportunity to explore the various implications of online censorship for media freedom. Case studies will include examples from countries such as Azerbaijan, Turkey, Belarus, India and Brazil.
Social Media and Cyber Law in India By Prashant MaliAdv Prashant Mali
Social Media and Cyber Law for DSCI Infosec event - Prashant Mali
Section 66A of the IT Act,2000 and freedom of expression on internet and social networking websites
The No Hate Speech Movement campaign would like to give 10 reasons why to take action against hate speech. This presentation was held by Gavan Titley at the No Hate Speech Movement conference 7-9 Nov 2013 in Strasbourg.
www.nohatespeechmovement.org
www.facebook.com/nohatespeech
www.facebook.com/groups/combatinghatespeech
Freedom of Expression our Internet Rights and Principle by Shreedeep Rayamajh...Shreedeep Rayamajhi
Freedom of Expression our Internet Rights and Principle is a presentation on interpretation, practice and understand ability. Asia is a growing economy the interpretation and practice is very much independent and unique as per country and location.
Here in this presentation we have tried to highlight some of the basic concept of FoE, Internet rights and principle
This presentation was presented in Sri Lankan IGF2016
Its not easy being a journalist. Especially in my home country, Kenya. There are constant challenges around the profession, which highlights the effects of press freedom around the world.
Freedom of the press is not the same as freedom of expressionMartin Hirst
This lecture discusses the concepts of freedom of expression, freedom of speech and freedom of the press. I argue they are not the same thing. I also talk about freedom of speech and freedom of the press under capitalism and conditions of class struggle. I am a Marxist, after all.
The OSCE considers freedom of expression a fundamental human right. This freedom may only be limited in order to safeguard other basic rights, such as human dignity, for a very good reason: freedom of expression is the foundation for other human rights, especially freedom of religion, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly as well as academic freedom. Without the freedom to voice opinions publicly and freely receive information, all other freedoms would not exist.
The side event addressed the constitutional implementation of freedom of expression in the OSCE region. The primary focus will be on the treatment of freedom of expression as a negative and individual right, which with respect to the “Universal Declaration of Human Rights” (UNDHR) can only be granted to humans. Competing concepts of group rights as well as hate speech and blasphemy laws will be considered in light of the UNDHR and individual rights.
Summary: There has often been a demand for absolute freedom of speech from various interest groups. However scope and limits of freedom of speech and expression are limited by its constraints. Hence absolute freedom of speech and expression is only a mirage.
Author: Dr Mahesh C. Jain is a practicing medical doctor and has written the book “Encounter of Science with Philosophy – A synthetic view”. The book begins with first chapter devoted to scientifically valid concept of God and then explains cosmic phenomena right from origin of nature and universe up to origin of life and evolution of man. The book includes several chapters devoted to auxiliary concepts and social sciences as corollaries to the concept of God. This is the only book which deals with origin of nature and universe from null or Zero or nothing.
http://www.sciencengod.com
http://curatio.in
Freedom of Expression our Internet Rights and Principle by Shreedeep Rayamajh...Shreedeep Rayamajhi
Freedom of Expression our Internet Rights and Principle is a presentation on interpretation, practice and understand ability. Asia is a growing economy the interpretation and practice is very much independent and unique as per country and location.
Here in this presentation we have tried to highlight some of the basic concept of FoE, Internet rights and principle
This presentation was presented in Sri Lankan IGF2016
Its not easy being a journalist. Especially in my home country, Kenya. There are constant challenges around the profession, which highlights the effects of press freedom around the world.
Freedom of the press is not the same as freedom of expressionMartin Hirst
This lecture discusses the concepts of freedom of expression, freedom of speech and freedom of the press. I argue they are not the same thing. I also talk about freedom of speech and freedom of the press under capitalism and conditions of class struggle. I am a Marxist, after all.
The OSCE considers freedom of expression a fundamental human right. This freedom may only be limited in order to safeguard other basic rights, such as human dignity, for a very good reason: freedom of expression is the foundation for other human rights, especially freedom of religion, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly as well as academic freedom. Without the freedom to voice opinions publicly and freely receive information, all other freedoms would not exist.
The side event addressed the constitutional implementation of freedom of expression in the OSCE region. The primary focus will be on the treatment of freedom of expression as a negative and individual right, which with respect to the “Universal Declaration of Human Rights” (UNDHR) can only be granted to humans. Competing concepts of group rights as well as hate speech and blasphemy laws will be considered in light of the UNDHR and individual rights.
Summary: There has often been a demand for absolute freedom of speech from various interest groups. However scope and limits of freedom of speech and expression are limited by its constraints. Hence absolute freedom of speech and expression is only a mirage.
Author: Dr Mahesh C. Jain is a practicing medical doctor and has written the book “Encounter of Science with Philosophy – A synthetic view”. The book begins with first chapter devoted to scientifically valid concept of God and then explains cosmic phenomena right from origin of nature and universe up to origin of life and evolution of man. The book includes several chapters devoted to auxiliary concepts and social sciences as corollaries to the concept of God. This is the only book which deals with origin of nature and universe from null or Zero or nothing.
http://www.sciencengod.com
http://curatio.in
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A Pragmatic Grand Strategy towards ChinaKaran Khosla
Daniel Guelen
E-mail: daniel.guelen@columbia.edu
Published May 4, 2020
Abstract
China’s rise brings various issues to the international stage. Terms such as the Thucydides Trap and Trade Wars have become common language and many fear for conflict between the United States and China. Especially in the 21st century, the relationship between the US and China will define the world. However, this paper argues that China does not pose a threat to the United States and the international order as the economic, military, and political circumstances do not facilitate such a great power tension. By directly analyzing the relationship between the US and China in these three areas, two policy recommendations can be drawn. This paper brings forth a dual grand strategy for the US to improve and support its domestic position to compete globally and present a more accessible alternative to lead internationally by building a more inclusive coalition and deterring some of China’s aggressions in South East Asia. As the world becomes more multipolar, the ability to balance power, engage developing nations, and build alliances will prove to be critical to any strategy.
Keywords: China; United States; foreign policy; great power tension; international security; Thucydides Trap; international order; trade wars; counterhegemony; South East Asia.
A Rental Culture vs. a Home ownership CultureKaran Khosla
Bodine Beentjes
IE University, Madrid, Spain
E-mail: Bbeententjes.ieu2016@student.ie.edu
Published May 4, 2020
Abstract
This paper aims to analyze the housing situation in the post-crisis years in Spain and the Netherlands. Both countries are highly developed European Union (EU) countries and have expanded their economies since 2013. Similarly, both are experiencing a housing crisis with rapidly increasing prices and shortages. Spain suffers challenges related to its decentralized and unorganized housing management structure when it comes to implementing new policies, and the Netherlands needs to motivate housing corporations to construct more housing. This paper looks at various studies and reports as well as news related to policy changes and their effects from 2015 to the present day. Furthermore, the concept of social housing and the effects of related policies on both the people and the market are analyzed.
Keywords: Housing Market, Real Estate, Netherlands, Spain
This paper examines the implications arising from states’ use of autonomous weapon systems in situations of conflict. The analysis starts by addressing the definitional problems found in the literature on autonomous weapon systems. The primary finding is that the differential feature of autonomous weapon systems is their ability to select among targets and decide to kill without human oversight. The paper then delves into the effect that the increasing use of autonomous weapon systems has on conflict and war and the resulting policy implications for states and the international community as a whole. I conclude by discussig the legal, ethical, and moral implications of the use of weapons that can kill autonomously, which are at the core of the debate.
Understanding paradiplomacy an analysis of subnational diplomatic activity in...Karan Khosla
Since the creation of the new world order in the aftermath of the Second World War, non-state actors have grown in both economic and political importance. While non-state actors such as multinational corporations, non-governmental organiza-tions, and international organizations have all been adopted into international relations literature, cities meanwhile have mainly been ignored. The paper provides examples of subnational actors in Brazil, Belgium, and the United States conducting international activities without the role of their central governments.
A post colonial examination of the cfa francKaran Khosla
A study into the Franc CFA, its emergence and continued link to the Francafrique relationship which has existed for centuries, predominantly focusing on the relationship between France and its former colonies post-independence in 1960. How does the Franc CFA affect the countries using it, their monetary policies and ability for growth. The debate over the use of the currency has returned in force in recent years, with one side defending the currency as a monetary stabilizer and conduct for economic growth, while others see it as a continued neocolonial policy maker which keeps the states controlled and unable to fully develop to the limit of their potential. If the Franc were to be kept or changed, what could be the policies used to change the relationship as it stands and look towards a different possibility for growth within the region.
Is the european union common foreign and security policy (cfsp) institution, ...Karan Khosla
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the design of the European (EU) challenges. The analysis starts with an examination of the powers given to the CFSP through the Treaty on the European Union and Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The primary finding is that the CFSP decision-making is not autonomous and that that the CFSP is often limited in what it can do as it might interfere with the exclusive powers of other institutions. The success of the CFSP is determined by the willingness of EU Member States making it work. The political will is key. The Permeant Structured Cooperation (PESCO) has been the most exciting outcome of the CFSP and serves a complementary feature to NATO, which it is unlikely to replace. The CFSP is promising and has delivered some ‘triumphs’ such as the Iran Nuclear Deal or post-Crimea sanctions on Russia, however based on the analysis in this paper, as currently designed the CFSP is insufficient at implementing the EU’s foreign policy. However, it is adequately designed in formulating foreign policy and moving agendas forward. This all comes at a time where the changing international political dynamics, especially with emerging new challenges and changes in relations with major powers, may put the EU at center stage of international relations.
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
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2. Raise awareness (e.g. about Arab Spring)
Talk about “What is Freedom of Speech and
Freedom of Assembly really?”
Freedom of speech in modern society and in
Denmark
Case study of people fighting for their rights
Interactive activity
3. Who: Ordinary citizens, wanting freedom
What: Democratic uprisings and revolutions
spread through the Arab world
Where: Middle east and North Africa (MENA)
When: 17 December 2010 (Mohamed Bouazizi
set himself on fire in Tunisia)
How: Large scale protests
Why: To have a democratic government which
will hear their opinion. To get rid of
dictatorship
5. President of the
Bahrain Center for
Human Rights and
Director of the Gulf
Center for Human
Rights.
Nabeel Rajab was
initially jailed for a
tweet, but is Nabeel Rajab
imprisoned today for
organizing protests in
the streets of Bahrain.
8. The Danish court sees Freedom of expression
and assembly as vital for a democracy
The legislation sets some limits to what you are
allowed to say or write publicly.
Insults
National Security
Prisoners
Army
Confidentiality
9. § 266 b criminalize speech by which a
group of people are threatened, insulted or
degraded on account of their race, skin
color, national or ethnic origin, religion or
sexual orientation.
If you insult someone publically you might be called in for an “injury case”Anything that threatens the security of the nation is punishable by lawThe government can take away your freedom of speech if you are a prisoner The army in charge of the defense of Denmark can take away the freedom of speech of any soldier if it is necessary for security or discipline Some jobs, like therapists and people who handle cases are under a confidentiality agreement.
You can not in danmark say to someone “I am going to kill you” or anyhting like that.