For our discussion question, we focus on recent trends in security technologies and security
operations. Staying current with various security tools is an important characteristic of a
proficient security manager. One method to discover new technologies is to attend security
related conferences and network with other security professionals about current and trending best
practices. For your discussion question, choose two relevant and recent physical security
technologies and describe them. As part of your detailed description, provide: 1) Specific
information about the technology\'s function and application; 2) The type of facilities that the
technology would be best suited for; 3) The assets that the technology would best be used to
protect; 4) The likely vulnerabilities that the technology would best address; 5) Methods in
which the technology would be integrated with other technologies; 6) The number and type of
personnel that will need to be committed to the operation of the technology; 7) Special
considerations for policies and procedures to fully implement the technology; and 8) A likely
budget needed to implement the technology. If you are impressed with a particular security
technology that your organization uses, share it. Include any relevant hyperlinks and attach any
pictures if applicable. Here are some security categories of technologies that you may select.
Please make sure your posting covers a specific technology rather than a broad category:
Intrusion Detection Screening Technologies Access Control Technologies
Assessment/Surveillance Technologies Communications Technologies Central Control
Technologies Security Lighting Make certain that you do not duplicate another student\'s
contribution. You can select a “different” technology from the same category.
Solution
Information Security management is a process of defining the security controls in order to
protect the information assets.
Security Program
The first action of a management program to implement information security is to have a
security program in place. Though some argue the first act would be to gain some real \"proof of
concept\" \"explainable thru display on the monitor screen\" security knowledge. Start with
maybe understanding where OS passwords are stored within the code inside a file within a
directory. If you don\'t understand Operating Systems at the root directory level maybe you
should seek out advice from somebody who does before even beginning to implement security
program management and objectives.
Security Program Objectives
Protect the company and its assets.
Manage Risks by Identifying assets, discovering threats and estimating the risk
Provide direction for security activities by framing of information security policies, procedures,
standards, guidelines and baselines
Information Classification
Security Organization and
Security Education
Security Management Responsibilities
Determining objectives, scope, policies,re expected to be accomplished fr.
1chapter42BaseTech Principles of Computer Securit.docxdurantheseldine
1
chapter
42
BaseTech / Principles of Computer Security, Fourth Edition / Conklin / 597-0 / Chapter 3
3
chapter
Organizations achieve operational security through policies and
procedures that guide user’s interactions with data and data processing
systems. Developing and aligning these efforts with the goals of the business
is a crucial part of developing a successful security program. One method
of ensuring coverage is to align efforts with the operational security model
described in the last chapter. This breaks efforts into groups; prevention,
detection, and response elements.
Prevention technologies are designed to keep individuals from being able
to gain access to systems or data they are not authorized to use. Originally,
this was the sole approach to security. Eventually we learned that in an
operational environment, prevention is extremely difficult and relying
on prevention technologies alone is not sufficient. This led to the rise of
technologies to detect and respond to events that occur when prevention
fails. Together, the prevention technologies and the detection and response
technologies form the operational model for computer security.
In this chapter, you will learn
how to
■■ Identify various operational aspects
to security in your organization
■■ Identify various policies and
procedures in your organization
■■ Identify the security awareness and
training needs of an organization
■■ Understand the different types of
agreements employed in negotiating
security requirements
■■ Describe the physical security
components that can protect your
computers and network
■■ Identify environmental factors that
can affect security
■■ Identify factors that affect the
security of the growing number of
wireless technologies used for data
transmission
■■ Prevent disclosure through
electronic emanations
We will bankrupt ourselves in the
vain search for absolute security.
—Dwight David Eisenhower
Operational and
Organizational Security
03-ch03.indd 42 03/11/15 5:20 pm
Chapter 3: Operational and Organizational SecurityPrinciples of Computer Security
PB 43
BaseTech / Principles of Computer Security, Fourth Edition / Conklin / 597-0 / Chapter 3
■■ Policies, Procedures, Standards,
and Guidelines
An important part of any organization’s approach to implementing security
are the policies, procedures, standards, and guidelines that are established
to detail what users and administrators should be doing to maintain the
security of the systems and network. Collectively, these documents provide
the guidance needed to determine how security will be implemented in
the organization. Given this guidance, the specific technology and security
mechanisms required can be planned for.
Policies are high-level, broad statements of what the organization wants
to accomplish. They are made by management when laying out the organi-
zation’s position on some issue. Procedures are the .
CHAPTER
5
Security Policies, Standards, Procedures, and
Guidelines
The four components of security documentation are policies, standards,
procedures, and guidelines. Together, these form the complete definition of a
mature security program. The Capability Maturity Model (CMM), which measures
how robust and repeatable a business process is, is often applied to security
programs. The CMM relies heavily on documentation for defining repeatable,
optimized processes. As such, any security program considered mature by CMM
standards needs to have well-defined policies, procedures, standards, and
guidelines.
• Policy is a high-level statement of requirements. A security policy is the primary
way in which management’s expectations for security are provided to the
builders, installers, maintainers, and users of an organization’s information
systems.
• Standards specify how to configure devices, how to install and configure
software, and how to use computer systems and other organizational assets, to be
compliant with the intentions of the policy.
• Procedures specify the step-by-step instructions to perform various tasks in
accordance with policies and standards.
• Guidelines are advice about how to achieve the goals of the security policy, but
they are suggestions, not rules. They are an important communication tool to let
people know how to follow the policy’s guidance. They convey best practices for
using technology systems or behaving according to management’s preferences.
This chapter covers the basics of what you need to know about policies,
standards, procedures, and guidelines, and provides some examples to illustrate
the principles. Of these, security policies are the most important within the
context of a security program, because they form the basis for the decisions that
are made within the security program, and they give the security program its
“teeth.” As such, the majority of this chapter is devoted to security policies. There
are other books that cover policies in as much detail as you like. See the
References section for some recommendations. The end of this chapter provides
you with some guidance and examples for standards, procedures, and guidelines,
so you can see how they are made, and how they relate to policies.
Security Policies
A security policy is the essential foundation for an effective and comprehensive
security program. A good security policy should be a high-level, brief, formalized
statement of the security practices that management expects employees and
other stakeholders to follow. A security policy should be concise and easy to
understand so that everyone can follow the guidance set forth in it.
In its basic form, a security policy is a document that describes an
organization’s security requirements. A security policy specifies what should be
done, not how; nor does it specify technologies or specific solutions. The security
policy defines a specific set of ...
A security policy should outline the key items in an organization that need to be protected. This
might include the company's network, its physical building, and more. It also needs to outline the
potential threats to those items. If the document focuses on cyber security, threats could include
those from the inside, such as possibility that disgruntled employees will steal important
information or launch an internal virus on the company's network.
Security policy
A security policy is a written document in an organization outlining how to protect the
organization from threats, including computer security threats, and how to handle situations
when they do occur.
A security policy is an overall statement of intent that dictates what role security plays within the
organization. Security policies can be organizational policies, issue-specific policies, or system-
specific policies, or a combination of all of these.
[https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/security-policy]
A security policy is a document that states in writing how a company plans to protect the
company's physical and information technology (IT) assets.
Why do you need a security policy?
A security policy contains pre-approved organizational procedures that tell you exactly what you
need to do in order to prevent security problems and next steps if you are ever faced with a data
breach. Security problems can include:
Confidentiality – people obtaining or disclosing information inappropriately
Data Integrity – information being altered or erroneously validated, whether deliberate or
accidental
Availability – information not being available when it is required or being available to
more users than is appropriate
At the very least, having a security ( ★★For making this content author used various online resources, it is share here only for those who want to know something about it. This content is not the full of author's primary/ own creating/ intellectual property. )
CompTIA CySA Domain 5 Compliance and Assessment.pptxInfosectrain3
The CompTIA Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+) certification is the industry standard for demonstrating that cybersecurity professionals can analyze data and interpret the results to detect vulnerabilities, threats, and risks to an organization.
There are two general types of data dictionaries a database managGrazynaBroyles24
There are two general types of data dictionaries: a database management system data dictionary and an organization-wide data dictionary. For this assignment, we are focusing on the organization-wide data dictionary. In a data dictionary, individual data elements and definitions are defined to ensure consistency and accuracy. Assume you need to collect and analyze data on patients discharged and readmitted to hospital X within 90 days of discharge. Develop the data dictionary for this study by completing the table below. Your data dictionary must include a minimum of 15 discreet data elements. Include information you would need to identify:
· the patient (Unique identifier)
· the admission(s)
· the reason for each admission (why the patient presented to the hospital emergency department)
· the principal diagnosis which is defined as the condition of the patient made after studying the patient and their admission to the hospital.
· the indicator for justified readmission or questionable readmission.
Guided response: Include at least 15 data elements and the rationale for each data element, using the format below and include:
· A title page with the following:
· Title of paper
· Student’s name
· Course name and number
· Instructor’s name
· Date submitted
· Include two scholarly references, excluding the textbook, formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Writing Center.
CHAPTER
5
Security Policies, Standards, Procedures, and
Guidelines
The four components of security documentation are policies, standards,
procedures, and guidelines. Together, these form the complete definition of a
mature security program. The Capability Maturity Model (CMM), which measures
how robust and repeatable a business process is, is often applied to security
programs. The CMM relies heavily on documentation for defining repeatable,
optimized processes. As such, any security program considered mature by CMM
standards needs to have well-defined policies, procedures, standards, and
guidelines.
• Policy is a high-level statement of requirements. A security policy is the primary
way in which management’s expectations for security are provided to the
builders, installers, maintainers, and users of an organization’s information
systems.
• Standards specify how to configure devices, how to install and configure
software, and how to use computer systems and other organizational assets, to be
compliant with the intentions of the policy.
• Procedures specify the step-by-step instructions to perform various tasks in
accordance with policies and standards.
• Guidelines are advice about how to achieve the goals of the security policy, but
they are suggestions, not rules. They are an important communication tool to let
people know how to follow the policy’s guidance. They convey best practices for
using technology systems or behaving according to management’s preferences.
This chapter covers the basics of what you need to know a ...
1chapter42BaseTech Principles of Computer Securit.docxdurantheseldine
1
chapter
42
BaseTech / Principles of Computer Security, Fourth Edition / Conklin / 597-0 / Chapter 3
3
chapter
Organizations achieve operational security through policies and
procedures that guide user’s interactions with data and data processing
systems. Developing and aligning these efforts with the goals of the business
is a crucial part of developing a successful security program. One method
of ensuring coverage is to align efforts with the operational security model
described in the last chapter. This breaks efforts into groups; prevention,
detection, and response elements.
Prevention technologies are designed to keep individuals from being able
to gain access to systems or data they are not authorized to use. Originally,
this was the sole approach to security. Eventually we learned that in an
operational environment, prevention is extremely difficult and relying
on prevention technologies alone is not sufficient. This led to the rise of
technologies to detect and respond to events that occur when prevention
fails. Together, the prevention technologies and the detection and response
technologies form the operational model for computer security.
In this chapter, you will learn
how to
■■ Identify various operational aspects
to security in your organization
■■ Identify various policies and
procedures in your organization
■■ Identify the security awareness and
training needs of an organization
■■ Understand the different types of
agreements employed in negotiating
security requirements
■■ Describe the physical security
components that can protect your
computers and network
■■ Identify environmental factors that
can affect security
■■ Identify factors that affect the
security of the growing number of
wireless technologies used for data
transmission
■■ Prevent disclosure through
electronic emanations
We will bankrupt ourselves in the
vain search for absolute security.
—Dwight David Eisenhower
Operational and
Organizational Security
03-ch03.indd 42 03/11/15 5:20 pm
Chapter 3: Operational and Organizational SecurityPrinciples of Computer Security
PB 43
BaseTech / Principles of Computer Security, Fourth Edition / Conklin / 597-0 / Chapter 3
■■ Policies, Procedures, Standards,
and Guidelines
An important part of any organization’s approach to implementing security
are the policies, procedures, standards, and guidelines that are established
to detail what users and administrators should be doing to maintain the
security of the systems and network. Collectively, these documents provide
the guidance needed to determine how security will be implemented in
the organization. Given this guidance, the specific technology and security
mechanisms required can be planned for.
Policies are high-level, broad statements of what the organization wants
to accomplish. They are made by management when laying out the organi-
zation’s position on some issue. Procedures are the .
CHAPTER
5
Security Policies, Standards, Procedures, and
Guidelines
The four components of security documentation are policies, standards,
procedures, and guidelines. Together, these form the complete definition of a
mature security program. The Capability Maturity Model (CMM), which measures
how robust and repeatable a business process is, is often applied to security
programs. The CMM relies heavily on documentation for defining repeatable,
optimized processes. As such, any security program considered mature by CMM
standards needs to have well-defined policies, procedures, standards, and
guidelines.
• Policy is a high-level statement of requirements. A security policy is the primary
way in which management’s expectations for security are provided to the
builders, installers, maintainers, and users of an organization’s information
systems.
• Standards specify how to configure devices, how to install and configure
software, and how to use computer systems and other organizational assets, to be
compliant with the intentions of the policy.
• Procedures specify the step-by-step instructions to perform various tasks in
accordance with policies and standards.
• Guidelines are advice about how to achieve the goals of the security policy, but
they are suggestions, not rules. They are an important communication tool to let
people know how to follow the policy’s guidance. They convey best practices for
using technology systems or behaving according to management’s preferences.
This chapter covers the basics of what you need to know about policies,
standards, procedures, and guidelines, and provides some examples to illustrate
the principles. Of these, security policies are the most important within the
context of a security program, because they form the basis for the decisions that
are made within the security program, and they give the security program its
“teeth.” As such, the majority of this chapter is devoted to security policies. There
are other books that cover policies in as much detail as you like. See the
References section for some recommendations. The end of this chapter provides
you with some guidance and examples for standards, procedures, and guidelines,
so you can see how they are made, and how they relate to policies.
Security Policies
A security policy is the essential foundation for an effective and comprehensive
security program. A good security policy should be a high-level, brief, formalized
statement of the security practices that management expects employees and
other stakeholders to follow. A security policy should be concise and easy to
understand so that everyone can follow the guidance set forth in it.
In its basic form, a security policy is a document that describes an
organization’s security requirements. A security policy specifies what should be
done, not how; nor does it specify technologies or specific solutions. The security
policy defines a specific set of ...
A security policy should outline the key items in an organization that need to be protected. This
might include the company's network, its physical building, and more. It also needs to outline the
potential threats to those items. If the document focuses on cyber security, threats could include
those from the inside, such as possibility that disgruntled employees will steal important
information or launch an internal virus on the company's network.
Security policy
A security policy is a written document in an organization outlining how to protect the
organization from threats, including computer security threats, and how to handle situations
when they do occur.
A security policy is an overall statement of intent that dictates what role security plays within the
organization. Security policies can be organizational policies, issue-specific policies, or system-
specific policies, or a combination of all of these.
[https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/security-policy]
A security policy is a document that states in writing how a company plans to protect the
company's physical and information technology (IT) assets.
Why do you need a security policy?
A security policy contains pre-approved organizational procedures that tell you exactly what you
need to do in order to prevent security problems and next steps if you are ever faced with a data
breach. Security problems can include:
Confidentiality – people obtaining or disclosing information inappropriately
Data Integrity – information being altered or erroneously validated, whether deliberate or
accidental
Availability – information not being available when it is required or being available to
more users than is appropriate
At the very least, having a security ( ★★For making this content author used various online resources, it is share here only for those who want to know something about it. This content is not the full of author's primary/ own creating/ intellectual property. )
CompTIA CySA Domain 5 Compliance and Assessment.pptxInfosectrain3
The CompTIA Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+) certification is the industry standard for demonstrating that cybersecurity professionals can analyze data and interpret the results to detect vulnerabilities, threats, and risks to an organization.
There are two general types of data dictionaries a database managGrazynaBroyles24
There are two general types of data dictionaries: a database management system data dictionary and an organization-wide data dictionary. For this assignment, we are focusing on the organization-wide data dictionary. In a data dictionary, individual data elements and definitions are defined to ensure consistency and accuracy. Assume you need to collect and analyze data on patients discharged and readmitted to hospital X within 90 days of discharge. Develop the data dictionary for this study by completing the table below. Your data dictionary must include a minimum of 15 discreet data elements. Include information you would need to identify:
· the patient (Unique identifier)
· the admission(s)
· the reason for each admission (why the patient presented to the hospital emergency department)
· the principal diagnosis which is defined as the condition of the patient made after studying the patient and their admission to the hospital.
· the indicator for justified readmission or questionable readmission.
Guided response: Include at least 15 data elements and the rationale for each data element, using the format below and include:
· A title page with the following:
· Title of paper
· Student’s name
· Course name and number
· Instructor’s name
· Date submitted
· Include two scholarly references, excluding the textbook, formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Writing Center.
CHAPTER
5
Security Policies, Standards, Procedures, and
Guidelines
The four components of security documentation are policies, standards,
procedures, and guidelines. Together, these form the complete definition of a
mature security program. The Capability Maturity Model (CMM), which measures
how robust and repeatable a business process is, is often applied to security
programs. The CMM relies heavily on documentation for defining repeatable,
optimized processes. As such, any security program considered mature by CMM
standards needs to have well-defined policies, procedures, standards, and
guidelines.
• Policy is a high-level statement of requirements. A security policy is the primary
way in which management’s expectations for security are provided to the
builders, installers, maintainers, and users of an organization’s information
systems.
• Standards specify how to configure devices, how to install and configure
software, and how to use computer systems and other organizational assets, to be
compliant with the intentions of the policy.
• Procedures specify the step-by-step instructions to perform various tasks in
accordance with policies and standards.
• Guidelines are advice about how to achieve the goals of the security policy, but
they are suggestions, not rules. They are an important communication tool to let
people know how to follow the policy’s guidance. They convey best practices for
using technology systems or behaving according to management’s preferences.
This chapter covers the basics of what you need to know a ...
CISSPills are short-lasting presentations covering topics to study in order to prepare CISSP exam. CISSPills is a digest of my notes and doesn't want to replace a studybook, it wants to be only just another companion for self-paced students.
Every issue covers different topics of CISSP's CCBK and the goal is addressing all the 10 domains which compose CISSP.
IN THIS ISSUE:
Domain 3: Information Security Governance and Risk Management
- Security Governance
- Security Roles and Responsibilities
- Personnel Security
- Screening and Background checks
- Employment Agreements
- Employment Termination
- Security-Awareness Training
Essay QuestionsAnswer all questions below in a single document, pr.docxjenkinsmandie
Essay Questions
Answer all questions below in a single document, preferably below the corresponding topic.
Responses should be no longer than half a page.
One
1. A security program should address issues from a strategic, tactical, and operational view. The
security program should be integrated at every level of the enterprise’s architecture. List a
security program in each level and provide a list of security activities or controls applied in these
levels. Support your list with real-world application data.
2. The objectives of security are to provide availability, integrity, and confidentiality protection to
data and resources. List examples of these security states where an asset could lose these
security states when attacked, compromised, or became vulnerable. Your examples could
include fictitious assets that have undergone some changes.
3. Risk assessment can be completed in a qualitative or quantitative manner. Explain each risk
assessment methodology and provide an example of each.
Two
1. Access controls are security features that are usually considered the first line of defense in
asset protection. They are used to dictate how subjects access objects, and their main goal is to
protect the objects from unauthorized access.
These controls can be administrative, physical, or technical in nature and should be applied in a
layered approach, ensuring that an intruder would have to compromise more than one
countermeasure to access critical assets. Explain each of these controls of administrative,
physical, and technical with examples of real-world applications.
2. Access control defines how users should be identified, authenticated, and authorized. These
issues are carried out differently in different access control models and technologies, and it is up
to the organization to determine which best fits its business and security needs. Explain each of
these access control models with examples of real-world applications.
3. The architecture of a computer system is very important and comprises many topics. The
system has to ensure that memory is properly segregated and protected, ensure that only
authorized subjects access objects, ensure that untrusted processes cannot perform activities
that would put other processes at risk, control the flow of information, and define a domain of
resources for each subject. It also must ensure that if the computer experiences any type of
disruption, it will not result in an insecure state. Many of these issues are dealt with in the
system’s security policy, and the security model is built to support the requirements of this
policy. Given these definitions, provide an example where you could better design computer
architecture to secure the computer system with real-world applications. You may use fictitious
examples to support your argument.
Three
1. Our distributed environments have put much more responsibility on the individual user, facility
management, and administrative procedures and controls than in th.
A to Z of Information Security ManagementMark Conway
The purpose of information security is to protect an organisation’s valuable assets, such as information, Intellectual property, hardware, and software.
Through the selection and application of appropriate safeguards or controls, information security helps an organisation to meet its business objectives by protecting its physical and financial resources, reputation, legal position, employees, and other tangible and intangible assets.
In this A to Z I’d like to outline some of the key focus areas for organisations wishing to pursue compliance to the ISO27001 Information Security standard.
The development and deployment of an enterprise Security Policy that defines the what and how of enterprise security is now mandated by numerous regulatory and industry standards, such as HIPAA and PCI-DSS. The development of a Security Policy, however, generally takes specialized skills that most organizations do not have. As a result, the process either takes a significant amount of time, or a significant amount of money.
Info-Tech’s Security Policy Solution Set will help you:
•Understand what goes into a Security Policy and why.
•Determine which specific policies are required by your organization.
•Streamline the creation of a policy set via customizable standards-based templates.
•Implement policies in an order that makes sense.
•Understand policy enforcement.
Use this material to build the Policies you need to be protected and compliant without spending a penny.
most extra cellular environments contain a high concentration of sod.pdfalokkesh
most extra cellular environments contain a high concentration of sodium ions (Na+). consider a
cell membrane that is permeable to potassium (K+) and is in equilibrium. the diffusion of K+ has
left the inside of the ell slightly negatively charged and the outside slightly positively charged.
suppose that the cell membrane now opens some sodium channels what happens? A) there is no
flow across the membrane. the outside of the cell is positeely charged drivingthe sodium ions
father away from the cell. B) there is no flow across the membrane. the cell is in equilibrim and
so the electric repulsionof the Na+ exactly counters the effects of diffusion. C) the cell becomes
positvely charged. both diffusion and the electric attraction to the cell drive into the cell D) the
cell becomes positvely charged; diffusion is reversed and K+ are drived back into the cell
Solution
The cell becomes positively charged, diffusion is reversed and K+ are drived back into the cell..
Let X be the prive of a meal at a local diner( X = $8,$10,and $12) a.pdfalokkesh
Let X be the prive of a meal at a local diner( X = $8,$10,and $12) and let Y be the amount of tip
left per meal (Y = $1.50,$2 or $2.50). the joint probability function of X and Y is given by
a. Find f(X = 10, Y=2) and interpret what this value represents.
c. Find the marginal distributions of X and Y.
d. Determine if X and Y are independent Random Variables or not. Explain why or why
not.f(x,y)Y=1.50Y=2.00Y=2.50X=8.3.120X=10.15.135.025X=12.03.15.09
Solution.
More Related Content
Similar to For our discussion question, we focus on recent trends in security t.pdf
CISSPills are short-lasting presentations covering topics to study in order to prepare CISSP exam. CISSPills is a digest of my notes and doesn't want to replace a studybook, it wants to be only just another companion for self-paced students.
Every issue covers different topics of CISSP's CCBK and the goal is addressing all the 10 domains which compose CISSP.
IN THIS ISSUE:
Domain 3: Information Security Governance and Risk Management
- Security Governance
- Security Roles and Responsibilities
- Personnel Security
- Screening and Background checks
- Employment Agreements
- Employment Termination
- Security-Awareness Training
Essay QuestionsAnswer all questions below in a single document, pr.docxjenkinsmandie
Essay Questions
Answer all questions below in a single document, preferably below the corresponding topic.
Responses should be no longer than half a page.
One
1. A security program should address issues from a strategic, tactical, and operational view. The
security program should be integrated at every level of the enterprise’s architecture. List a
security program in each level and provide a list of security activities or controls applied in these
levels. Support your list with real-world application data.
2. The objectives of security are to provide availability, integrity, and confidentiality protection to
data and resources. List examples of these security states where an asset could lose these
security states when attacked, compromised, or became vulnerable. Your examples could
include fictitious assets that have undergone some changes.
3. Risk assessment can be completed in a qualitative or quantitative manner. Explain each risk
assessment methodology and provide an example of each.
Two
1. Access controls are security features that are usually considered the first line of defense in
asset protection. They are used to dictate how subjects access objects, and their main goal is to
protect the objects from unauthorized access.
These controls can be administrative, physical, or technical in nature and should be applied in a
layered approach, ensuring that an intruder would have to compromise more than one
countermeasure to access critical assets. Explain each of these controls of administrative,
physical, and technical with examples of real-world applications.
2. Access control defines how users should be identified, authenticated, and authorized. These
issues are carried out differently in different access control models and technologies, and it is up
to the organization to determine which best fits its business and security needs. Explain each of
these access control models with examples of real-world applications.
3. The architecture of a computer system is very important and comprises many topics. The
system has to ensure that memory is properly segregated and protected, ensure that only
authorized subjects access objects, ensure that untrusted processes cannot perform activities
that would put other processes at risk, control the flow of information, and define a domain of
resources for each subject. It also must ensure that if the computer experiences any type of
disruption, it will not result in an insecure state. Many of these issues are dealt with in the
system’s security policy, and the security model is built to support the requirements of this
policy. Given these definitions, provide an example where you could better design computer
architecture to secure the computer system with real-world applications. You may use fictitious
examples to support your argument.
Three
1. Our distributed environments have put much more responsibility on the individual user, facility
management, and administrative procedures and controls than in th.
A to Z of Information Security ManagementMark Conway
The purpose of information security is to protect an organisation’s valuable assets, such as information, Intellectual property, hardware, and software.
Through the selection and application of appropriate safeguards or controls, information security helps an organisation to meet its business objectives by protecting its physical and financial resources, reputation, legal position, employees, and other tangible and intangible assets.
In this A to Z I’d like to outline some of the key focus areas for organisations wishing to pursue compliance to the ISO27001 Information Security standard.
The development and deployment of an enterprise Security Policy that defines the what and how of enterprise security is now mandated by numerous regulatory and industry standards, such as HIPAA and PCI-DSS. The development of a Security Policy, however, generally takes specialized skills that most organizations do not have. As a result, the process either takes a significant amount of time, or a significant amount of money.
Info-Tech’s Security Policy Solution Set will help you:
•Understand what goes into a Security Policy and why.
•Determine which specific policies are required by your organization.
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Use this material to build the Policies you need to be protected and compliant without spending a penny.
Similar to For our discussion question, we focus on recent trends in security t.pdf (20)
most extra cellular environments contain a high concentration of sod.pdfalokkesh
most extra cellular environments contain a high concentration of sodium ions (Na+). consider a
cell membrane that is permeable to potassium (K+) and is in equilibrium. the diffusion of K+ has
left the inside of the ell slightly negatively charged and the outside slightly positively charged.
suppose that the cell membrane now opens some sodium channels what happens? A) there is no
flow across the membrane. the outside of the cell is positeely charged drivingthe sodium ions
father away from the cell. B) there is no flow across the membrane. the cell is in equilibrim and
so the electric repulsionof the Na+ exactly counters the effects of diffusion. C) the cell becomes
positvely charged. both diffusion and the electric attraction to the cell drive into the cell D) the
cell becomes positvely charged; diffusion is reversed and K+ are drived back into the cell
Solution
The cell becomes positively charged, diffusion is reversed and K+ are drived back into the cell..
Let X be the prive of a meal at a local diner( X = $8,$10,and $12) a.pdfalokkesh
Let X be the prive of a meal at a local diner( X = $8,$10,and $12) and let Y be the amount of tip
left per meal (Y = $1.50,$2 or $2.50). the joint probability function of X and Y is given by
a. Find f(X = 10, Y=2) and interpret what this value represents.
c. Find the marginal distributions of X and Y.
d. Determine if X and Y are independent Random Variables or not. Explain why or why
not.f(x,y)Y=1.50Y=2.00Y=2.50X=8.3.120X=10.15.135.025X=12.03.15.09
Solution.
LinearPerson.javaPlease help me the JAVA programPlease provide t.pdfalokkesh
LinearPerson.java
Please help me the JAVA program
Please provide the output. LinearPerson A LinearPerson lives on a number line. At any time, he
or she has a position, such as 0 or 3 or -5. He or she can move one position at a time. He or she
has a direction of movement. So if a LinearPerson is moving right and is at position -3, the new
position will be -2. If a LinearPerson is moving left and is at position -3, the new position will be
-4. The following describes the LinearPerson class: You should decide the instance variables
needed for LinearPerson. Overloaded constructors: a no-argument constructor that sets the
current position at 0 and the current direction as \"to the right.\" a constructor that takes one int
as a parameter; the parameter represents the initial position of the LinearPerson methods: public
void turn() // changes the direction of the LinearPerson (right to left, or left to right) public void
move() // moves the LinearPerson one position in his or her current direction public int
getPosition() // returns the current position of the LinearPerson As an example LinearPerson
sophie = new LinearPerson(); // sophie is at position 0, moving right sophie.turn(); // sophie is at
position 0, moving left sophie.move(); // sophie is at position -1, moving left sophie.move(); //
sophie is at position -2, moving left sophie.turn(); // sophie is at position -2, moving right
sophie.move(); // sophie is at position -1, moving right Create a class LinearPersonPairthat
creates two LinearPerson objects, one using the no-argument constructor, the other object should
be created at a given location. The program moves the objects in various directions and prints
their final locations.
Solution
class LinearPerson {
private String direction; // current direction
private int position; // current position
public static final String RIGHT = \"right\";
public static final String LEFT = \"left\";
// no arg constructor
public LinearPerson() {
this.position = 0;
this.direction = LinearPerson.RIGHT;
}
//arg constructor
LinearPerson(int position) {
this.position = position; // setting the initial position
if (position >= 0) {
this.direction = LinearPerson.RIGHT; // setting the direction to right if position is >=0
} else {
this.direction = LinearPerson.LEFT; // setting the direction to left if position is < 0
}
}
//get the curent direction
public String getDirection() {
return direction;
}
// get the current position
public int getPosition() {
return position;
}
// method to turn the direction
public void turn(){
if(this.direction==LinearPerson.RIGHT){
this.direction=LinearPerson.LEFT; // set the direction to left if current direction is right
}else{
this.direction=LinearPerson.RIGHT; // set the direction to left if current direction is right
}
}
//method to move the position in current direction
public void move(){
if(this.direction==LinearPerson.RIGHT){
this.position=this.position+1; // move the position to right
}else{
this.position=this.position-1; //.
is acute or chronic exposure to heptachlor more of a danger to human.pdfalokkesh
is acute or chronic exposure to heptachlor more of a danger to humans
Solution
Answer:
Heptachlor is an insecticide (organochlorine) in the agriculture and it causes serious effects on
the humans.
Short term exposure or acute exposure may lead to nervous system effects, gastrointestinal
effects and liver effects.so it is more dangerous.
Long term exposure includes symptoms such as dizziness, irritabilty and salivation..
In “Intellectual Property and the Information Age,” Richard T. De Ge.pdfalokkesh
In “Intellectual Property and the Information Age,” Richard T. De George begins by examining
the case of Napster and the practice of sharing digital music over the Internet. He concludes by
arguing that determining whether an action with regard to copyright protection is moral or
immoral will depend on the balancing of competing conceptions and justifications for copyright
protection. Using the positions that De George lays out, examine the case with which De George
begins. Do you believe that this activity is morally justified or immoral? Why?
Solution
Copyright protection means one cannot copy the content without the owner authority.
The activity which De George has done is morally justified..
How does horizontal transfer affect the evolution of anti-biotic res.pdfalokkesh
How does horizontal transfer affect the evolution of anti-biotic resistant strains of bacteria?A. It
increases the rate of beneficial mutations within a population of bacteria.
Solution
The horizontal transfer affect the evolution of anti-biotic resistant strains of bacteria, as It
increases the speed with which bacteria can adapt because they may have gotten resistance genes
from another species already.
Three main mechanism of horizontal transfer of gene occurs are transformation, transduction or
conjugation.
Transformation involves uptake of short fragments of naked DNA by naturally transformable
bacteria.
In transduction, DNA transfer occurs from one bacterium into another via bacteriophages.
In conjugation, transfer of genetic material occurs between bacterial cells by direct cell-to-cell
contact or by a bridge-like connection between two bacterial cells..
Flag this QuestionQuestion 12 1 ptsPolytene chromosomes arise fr.pdfalokkesh
Flag this Question
Question 12 1 pts
Polytene chromosomes arise from multiple rounds of DNA replication without cell division.
Flag this Question
Question 13 1 pts
Epigenetic changes involve
Flag this Question
Question 14 1 pts
Unusual loop-shaped structures of DNA sometimes from at the ends of chromosomes.
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Question 15 1 pts
Long interspersed elements (LINES) are rare in the human genome.
Flag this Question
Question 16 1 pts
The DNA of bacterial genomes is dispersed nearly evenly throughout the cytoplasm.
Flag this Question
Question 17 1 pts
The combination of eukaryotic DNA and proteins is termed:
Flag this Question
Question 18 1 pts
Centromeres and telomeres are virtually always found in heterochromatic regions of
chromosomes (parts of chromosomes organized in heterochromatin).
Flag this Question
Question 19 1 pts
Changes in the sensitivity of DNA at specific loci (positions along chromosomes) to digestion by
DNAse I can be used to monitor the relative state of chromatin condensation.
Flag this Question
Question 20 1 pts
Sensitivity of a particular DNA sequence to digestion by DNase I often changes with changing
patterns of gene expression.True
Solution
Q12. True
Cells undergo repeated rounds of DNA replication without cell division, to increase cell volume,
forming a giant polytene chromosome
Q13.changes in chromatin structure
Epigenetic changes do not change DNA sequences, they cause acetylation/deacetylation of
histone proteins and cause change in chromatin structure.
Q14. True
Telomeres form large loop structures called telomere loops
Q15. False
They make up around 20% of the human genome.
Genetic drift tends to genetic variation wITHIN small populations, an.pdfalokkesh
Genetic drift tends to genetic variation wITHIN small populations, and A) increase; increase B)
decrease; increase O C) increase; decrease D) decrease; decrease E) increase; have no effect on
variation AMONG populations
Solution
1. Increase and decrease- small populations are more susceptible to genetic drift. In a small
population if an indivudual is lost it will leads to the lack of gene of that particular indivudual
and in a large population if a na indivudual is lost, it is just a small percentage and it wont leads
to the lack of the entire genome.
2. Natural selection- changes the gene pool to improve survival.
Fill in the blanksMicronutrients this refers to a sub-category o.pdfalokkesh
Fill in the blanks:
Micronutrients: this refers to a sub-category of essential nutrients. Essential nutrients are defined
based on ____________________________________; the macro nutrients are the sub-set that
are ___________________________________________.
Mycorrhizae (ecto & arbuscular): these are _____________________________________ that
provide the importance service of providing ______________________________ to plants. The
ectomycorrhizae and arbuscular differ
in____________________________________________________________________________
.
Rhizobia: a group of plant-associated bacteria that have the important trait of
_____________________________________.
Sand: a type of particle that can be in soil. Relative to the other three particles, its size is middle
Additionally, sand has the important property of being ________________________ and helps
with establishing air pockets and promoting water movement.
Horizons: different layers of soil. Horizons are formed by ______________________ and vary
in their composition, which can have different effects on plant growth.
Solution
Essential nutrients are the nutrients that are required for normal physiological functions of the
body but cannot be synthesise by the body and they can be obtained from the dietary sources. So,
the essential nutrients are defined based on their requirement in the body for the physiological
functioning. If these nutrients are required in very minute amount, they are called micronutrients
(iron, cobalt, chromium, copper) If the essential nutrients are required in large amount from the
diet they are called macronutrients (Carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins, lipids). So the
macronutrients are the sub-set that are required in large amount from external sources for normal
physiological function of the body. Mycorrhizae (ecto & arbuscular) : these are symbiotic
relationships that form between fungi and plants that provides the importance service of
providing increased water and nutrient absorption capabilities to the plants by colonizing the root
system of the host plants. The ectomycorrhizae and arbuscular (endomycorrhizae) differ in
formation of hyphae, the hyphae of ectomycorrhizal fungi do not penetrate individual cells
within the root of their host plant, while the hyphae of endomycorrhizal fungi penetrate the cell
wall and invaginate the cell membrane of their host plants. Rhizobia : It is a group pf plant-
associated bacteria that have important trait of fixing the N2 (nitrogen) from the atmosphere into
the root nodules of its host plant. This trait is important for the plants in agriculture where there
is no use of nitrogen fertilizer for some reasons. Sand: a type of particle that can be in soil.
Relative to the other three particles, its size is middle. Additionally, sand has the important
property of being drained easily, moreover it doesnt compact and create spaces in soil and that\'s
how it helps establishing air pockets and promoting water movement. Horiz.
ecourses.pvamu.edu Help English United States en us) Question4 Ma.pdfalokkesh
ecourses.pvamu.edu Help English United States en us) Question4 Match the concept, term, or
theory with its correct response or definition. Not yet answered A. attachment anxiety B,
attachment avoidance Points out of 100 c. autonomy F Rag question D. collectivistic culture E.
culture dismissive attachment G. embarrassment I fearful attachment J. gender K individualistic
culture L looking-glass self M. mask o preoccupied attachment P secure attachment T self-
disclosure U. self-discrepancy theory x social comparison Y social penetration theory Reference
Ret 21 Feelings of shame, humiliation, and sadness.
Solution
theory of attachment
Attachment anxiety
Attachment avoidance
Dissimmisve attachment
Fearful attachment
Preoccupied attachment
Social penetration theory
age,
gender,
self-awareness
self esteem
Self discrepancy theory
self-esteem
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Self
self
self-awareness, self-concept, and self-esteem
dismissive attachment
low AAX and high AAV;
self-relianc
fearful attachment
high AAV and AAX; fear rejection,
shun relationships
individualistic culture
individual goals
collectivism culture
importance of belong to groups
face
public self
mask
public self designed to veil private self
embarrassment
losing face;
social penetration theory
revealing self to others
theory of attachment
Attachment anxiety
Attachment avoidance
Dissimmisve attachment
Fearful attachment
Preoccupied attachment
Social penetration theory
age,
gender,
self-awareness
self esteem
Self discrepancy theory
self-esteem
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Self
self
self-awareness, self-concept, and self-esteem
dismissive attachment
low AAX and high AAV;
self-relianc
fearful attachment
high AAV and AAX; fear rejection,
shun relationships
individualistic culture
individual goals
collectivism culture
importance of belong to groups
face
public self
mask
public self designed to veil private self
embarrassment
losing face;
social penetration theory
revealing self to others.
Explain why several versions of nMOS transistor models and pMOS trans.pdfalokkesh
Explain why several versions of nMOS transistor models and pMOS transistor models coexist
despite the fact that some models are accurate than others.
Solution
Some models are more accurate especially for short channel devices but they have a lot of model
parameters and thus very complicated.Some models are less accurate and much
simpler.Therefore there is a need for different purposes thus different models coexist.
Explain How Culture influences the way mangers perform their four ma.pdfalokkesh
Explain How Culture influences the way mangers perform their four main functions: planning ,
organizing, leading and controlling.
Solution
culture is the the set of aged- old traditions and beliefs shared by the people in an organisation or
in a nation. culture plays an important role while when people are at managers level. every
decision or step takes by the person reflects his culture directly or indirectly.
some people thinks in a pesimistic way and take poor decisions, some may think in a positive
way and some may think in the realistic way and take correct decisions. these people will be plan
in a successful way and implement them and get positive results.
organising is the process of implementing the plan in a proper way by coordination, integration
and cooperation of all his peers and emloyees. leading is the process where he becomes the guide
to his followers and accept challanges in work life and ready to face them and find solutions.
controlling speaks about the managing all the resources and best utilisation of those. the ultimate
moto of any organisation is use the available resources in a best way and increase the brand
name and wealth of organisation..
Describeillustrate the construction used by the ancient Indians to s.pdfalokkesh
Describe/illustrate the construction used by the ancient Indians to show that the difference
between two squares can be converted into another square. Describe/illustrate the construction
used by the ancient Indians to show that a rectangle can be transformed into a square, using the
results from #10.
Solution
10..
Describe the factors that contribute to a membrane potential. What i.pdfalokkesh
Describe the factors that contribute to a membrane potential. What is the principle cation inside
the cell? Outside the cell?
Solution
Answer:
Application of stimuli changes the membrane potential that act as signals, transmitting and
processing information along the neuron.
The factors that contribute to membrane potential are:
(a) Electrochemical gradient of the ion:
Active transport of ions causes an electrical gradient to develop across the membrane. The
positively charged ions are generally greater outside the cell and negatively charged ions inside
the cell. This causes a net negative charge on the inside of the cell and thus a voltage difference
across the membrane. This gives rise to the membrane potential.
(b) Permeability of the ion:
More the membrane is permeable to the ion, greater will be the influence of the equilibrium
potential of that ion towards the membrane potential.
The principle cation inside the cell is potassium (K+) and outside the cell is sodium (Na+)..
DiARTHROIDAL joints can be classified based on their characteristics.pdfalokkesh
DiARTHROIDAL joints can be classified based on their characteristics. Fill in the blanks with
the appropriate information. NOTE: Be sure to list 6 (SIX) types of diarthroidal joints, along
with the respective axis, shape, motion(s) and examples.
Type/Shape of Joint:
Number of Axes:
Joint Motions Allowed:
Example:
Solution
1. Type/Shape of Joint: Gliding / between the bones that meet at flat articular surfaces
Number of Axes: Nonaxial
Joint Motions Allowed: allows gliding or sliding movement
Example: intercarpals, vertebrae
2. Type/Shape of Joint: Hinge / between the cylindrical end of a bone and the trough-shaped
surface of another bone
Number of Axes: Uniaxial/ One plane
Joint Motions Allowed: permits bending in one plane (sagittal)
Example: humeroulnar-knee, interphalangeal-fingers and toes
3.Type/Shape of Joint: Pivot / the axis of a convex articular surface is parallel with the
longitudinal axis of the bone
Number of Axes: Uniaxial/ One plane
Joint Motions Allowed: permits rotation in one plane
Example: radioulnar, atlantoaxial
4.Type/Shape of Joint: Condyloid (ellipsoidal) /oval-shaped end of one bone fitting into oval-
shaped hollow of another bone
Number of Axes: Two
Joint Motions Allowed: permits movement in two planes
Example: radiocarpar-wrist metacarpophalangeal-knuckles
5.Type/Shape of Joint: saddle (sellar) /one of the bone is like a saddle and other bone resting on
it like a horse-rider
Number of Axes: biaxial (frontal and saggital planes)
Joint Motions Allowed: permits movement in two planes
Example: carpometacarpal- base of thumb
6.Type/Shape of Joint: ball and socket /ball-shaped surface of one rounded bone fits into the cup-
like depression of another bone
Number of Axes: Indifinite number of axes with a common center
Joint Motions Allowed: permits movement in three planes
Example: shoulder, hip.
Define and explain chemical equilibrium Include the defenition o.pdfalokkesh
Define and explain chemical equilibrium? Include the defenition of reactants and products
Define and explain chemical equilibrium? Include the defenition of reactants and products
Solution
In a chemical reaction, chemical equilibrium is the state in which both reactants and products are
available at concentrations which have no further inclination to change with time. Usually, this
state comes about when the forward reaction continues at an indistinguishable rate from the
reverse reaction. The reaction rates of the forward and backward reactions are, for the most part,
not zero, but rather equal. In this way, there are no net changes in the concentrations of the
reactant(s) and product(s).
Reactant:
The substances that outcome from the recombination of molecules is known as the products of
the reaction. At the point when chemical reactions are written down, the reactants are written on
the left side, in a similar way to a math equation; one reactant in addition to another.
Product:
Products are the species formed from chemical reactions. Amid a chemical reaction, reactants are
transformed into products in the wake of going through a high vitality transition state.
Simply the substances that are formed after the reactions of reactant, due to making of new
bonds in between the atoms/ions/molecules/compounds..
Cite the distinction between graphite and carbon. Carbon and graphit.pdfalokkesh
Cite the distinction between graphite and carbon. Carbon and graphite fibers are manufactured
by pyrolysis. Describe the process to produce fibers.
Solution
Carbon:
1)“Carbon” comes from the Latin word “carbo,” which in English means “charcoal.” It is an
element represented as the letter “C” and bearing the atomic number 6. Carbon is the fourth most
abundant element in the world and is essential to all living things and their respective processes.
All living things contain carbon.
2)Carbon produces the softest material (graphite) and the hardest substance (diamond). The main
difference among carbon substances is how the carbon forms in each matter. Carbon atoms bond
in chains and rings. In every carbon substance, a unique formation of carbon can be produced.
3)Carbon has a wide variety of uses both as pure carbon and carbon compounds. Primarily, it
acts as hydrocarbons in the form of methane gas and crude oil. Crude oil can be distilled into
gasoline and kerosene. Both substances serve as fuel for warmth, machines, and many others.
4)Carbon is also responsible for forming water, a necessary compound for life. It also exists as
polymers such as cellulose (in plants) and plastics.
5)Carbon has a wide variety of uses both as pure carbon and carbon compounds. Primarily, it
acts as hydrocarbons in the form of methane gas and crude oil. Crude oil can be distilled into
gasoline and kerosene. Both substances serve as fuel for warmth, machines, and many others.
6)Carbon is also responsible for forming water, a necessary compound for life. It also exists as
polymers such as cellulose (in plants) and plastics.
Graphite :
1)Graphite is an allotrope of carbon. It means that it is a substance made of pure carbon and is
made of only carbon. Other allotropes include diamonds, amorphous carbon, and charcoal.
2)Graphite comes from the Greek word “graphein,” which in English means “to write.” Formed
when carbon atoms link with each other into sheets, graphite is the most stable form of carbon.
3)Graphite is soft but very strong. It is resistant to heat and, at the same, a good conductor of
heat. Found in metamorphic rocks, it appears as a metallic but opaque substance in a color that
varies from dark grey to black. Graphite is greasy, a characteristic that makes it a good lubricant.
4)Graphite is also used as a pigment and a molding agent in glass manufacturing. Nuclear
reactors also use graphite as an electron moderator
b) process of manufacturing of Carbon and graphite fibers:
A precursor material, which is rich in carbon, is subjected to pyrolysis to extract its carbon
content.
Pyrolysis Pyrolysis: Thermochemical chemical decomposition decomposition of organic organic
material material when it is subjected subjected to elevated temperatures, but no oxygen.
Through such a process, the precursor organic material breaks down into gases, liquids, and a
solid residue which is rich in carbon.
Precursor: Precursor: It is a carbonrich chemical chemical compound, com.
C Language ProblemPlease Explain If int n1 = 5, and int d1 = 2, wh.pdfalokkesh
C Language Problem
Please Explain If int n1 = 5, and int d1 = 2, what are the results of the following operations?
(assume double frac) frac = (double)n1/(double)d1;frac = (double)n1/d1 + 3.5; frac =
(double)(n1/d1) + 2.5;
Solution
Here the heart of functionality is typecasting.
What is typecasting?
Type casting is a way to convert a variable from one data type to another data type.
frac = (double)n1/(double)d1;
n1 = 5 and d1 = 2
what this (double)n1/(double)d1 does..
here typecasting is preforming so
(double)n1 = 5.000000
(double)d1 = 2.000000
frac = 5.000000/2.000000
frac = 2.500000
frac = (double)n1/d1 + 3.5;
Here only n1 is typecasted into double
so n1 is 5.000000
and d1 is 2
(double)n1/d1 + 3.5 => (5.000000 / 2) + 3.5 => 2.500000 + 3.5 => 6.000000
frac is 6.000000
frac = (double)(n1/d1) + 3.5;
here there is no typecasting between n1 and d1 ... after division is perform then typecasting is
going to applied
so
(double)(n1/d1) + 3.5
(double)(5/2) + 3.5
(double)(2) + 3.5
2.000000 + 3.5
5.500000
Answer is 5.500000.
According to Cisco design theory for a fully switched network, hosts.pdfalokkesh
According to Cisco design theory for a fully switched network, hosts do not connect directly to
which types of switches?
A. Access
B. Core
C. Distribution
D. Cut through
E. Fragment free
Solution
B and C are correct. Hosts do not directly connect to core-or distribution-layer switches.
A, D, and E are incorrect. A is incorrect because access switches provide direct access to users.
D andE are incorrect because cut through and fragment free are switch modes, not design layers..
A saturated sample has a mass 0.69 kilograms when wet and 0.5 kg whe.pdfalokkesh
A saturated sample has a mass 0.69 kilograms when wet and 0.5 kg when dry. Assuming that the
specific gravity is 2.7, compute the void ratio, porosity and dry density of this material.
Solution
water content (w) = (wet weight -dry weigt)/dry weight
=(0.69-0.5)/0.5
=0.38
void ratio(e) = (wG)/s
=0.38*2.7/1
=1.026
porosity=(e/(1+e))
=1.026/(1+1.026)
=0.51
dry density=G*unit weight of water(1+e)
=2.7*62.43/(1+1.026)
=83.2 lb/ft3.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
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The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
For our discussion question, we focus on recent trends in security t.pdf
1. For our discussion question, we focus on recent trends in security technologies and security
operations. Staying current with various security tools is an important characteristic of a
proficient security manager. One method to discover new technologies is to attend security
related conferences and network with other security professionals about current and trending best
practices. For your discussion question, choose two relevant and recent physical security
technologies and describe them. As part of your detailed description, provide: 1) Specific
information about the technology's function and application; 2) The type of facilities that the
technology would be best suited for; 3) The assets that the technology would best be used to
protect; 4) The likely vulnerabilities that the technology would best address; 5) Methods in
which the technology would be integrated with other technologies; 6) The number and type of
personnel that will need to be committed to the operation of the technology; 7) Special
considerations for policies and procedures to fully implement the technology; and 8) A likely
budget needed to implement the technology. If you are impressed with a particular security
technology that your organization uses, share it. Include any relevant hyperlinks and attach any
pictures if applicable. Here are some security categories of technologies that you may select.
Please make sure your posting covers a specific technology rather than a broad category:
Intrusion Detection Screening Technologies Access Control Technologies
Assessment/Surveillance Technologies Communications Technologies Central Control
Technologies Security Lighting Make certain that you do not duplicate another student's
contribution. You can select a “different” technology from the same category.
Solution
Information Security management is a process of defining the security controls in order to
protect the information assets.
Security Program
The first action of a management program to implement information security is to have a
security program in place. Though some argue the first act would be to gain some real "proof of
concept" "explainable thru display on the monitor screen" security knowledge. Start with
maybe understanding where OS passwords are stored within the code inside a file within a
directory. If you don't understand Operating Systems at the root directory level maybe you
should seek out advice from somebody who does before even beginning to implement security
program management and objectives.
2. Security Program Objectives
Protect the company and its assets.
Manage Risks by Identifying assets, discovering threats and estimating the risk
Provide direction for security activities by framing of information security policies, procedures,
standards, guidelines and baselines
Information Classification
Security Organization and
Security Education
Security Management Responsibilities
Determining objectives, scope, policies,re expected to be accomplished from a security program
Evaluate business objectives, security risks, user productivity, and functionality requirements.
Define steps to ensure that all the above are accounted for and properly addressed
Approaches to Build a Security Program
Top-Down Approach
The initiation, support, and direction comes from the top management and work their way
through middle management and then to staff members.
Treated as the best approach but seems to based on the I get paid more therefor I must know
more about everything type of mentality.
Ensures that the senior management who are ultimately responsible for protecting the company
assets is driving the program.
3. Bottom-Up Approach
The lower-end team comes up with a security control or a program without proper management
support and direction.
It is oft considered less effective and doomed to fail for the same flaw in thinking as above; I get
paid more therefor I must know more about everything.
Since advancement is directly tied to how well you can convince others, who often fall outside
of your of job duties and department, as to your higher value to the company as stated by your
own effective written communication this leads to amazing resume writers and take no blame
style of email responses that seems to definitely lead to the eventual failure of company's
standards and actual knowledge. It is often covered up by relationships which form at the power
levels within any group of people and those who are considered so-called experts having no real
idea what is really involved under the hood of the reports/applications they use and no proof
presented in emails written when self declared claims of their expertise is made or blame is to be
put on another.
Security Controls
Security Controls can be classified into three categories
Administrative Controls which include
Developing and publishing of policies, standards, procedures, and guidelines.
Screening of personnel.
Conducting security-awareness training and
Implementing change control procedures.
Technical or Logical Controls which include
Implementing and maintaining access control mechanisms.
4. Password and resource management.
Identification and authentication methods
Security devices and
Configuration of the infrastructure.
Physical Controls which include
Controlling individual access into the facility and different departments
Locking systems and removing unnecessary floppy or CD-ROM drives
Protecting the perimeter of the facility
Monitoring for intrusion and
Environmental controls.
Security Note: It is the responsibility of the information owner (usually a Sr. executive within
the management group or head of a specific dept) to protect the data and is the due care (liable
by the court of law) for any kind of negligence
The Elements of Security
Vulnerability
It is a software, hardware, or procedural weakness that may provide
Security Policies, Procedures, Standards, Guidelines, and Baselines
Policies
A security policy is an overall general statement produced by senior management (or a selected
policy board or committee) that dictates what role security plays within the organization.
5. A well designed policy addresses:
. What is being secured? - Typically an asset.
. Who is expected to comply with the policy? - Typically employees.
. Where is the vulnerability, threat or risk? - Typically an issue of integrity or responsibility.
Types of Policies
Regulatory: This type of policy ensures that the organization is following standards set by
specific industry regulations. This policy type is very detailed and specific to a type of industry.
This is used in financial institutions, health care facilities, public utilities, and other government-
regulated industries. E.g.: TRAI.
Advisory: This type of policy strongly advises employees regarding which types of behaviors
and activities should and should not take place within the organization. It also outlines possible
ramifications if employees do not comply with the established behaviors and activities. This
policy type can be used, for example, to describe how to handle medical information, handle
financial transactions, or process confidential information.
Informative: This type of policy informs employees of certain topics. It is not an enforceable
policy, but rather one to teach individuals about specific issues relevant to the company. It could
explain how the company interacts with partners, the company's goals and mission, and a
general reporting structure in different situations.
Types of Security Policies
Organizational
Management establishes how a security program will be set up, lays out the program's goals,
assigns responsibilities, shows the strategic and tactical value of security, and outlines how
enforcement should be carried out.
Provides scope and direction for all future security activities within the organization.
6. This policy must address relative laws, regulations, and liability issues and how they are to be
satisfied.
It also describes the amount of risk senior management is willing to accept.
Characteristics
Business objectives should drive the policy's creation, implementation, and enforcement. The
policy should not dictate business objectives.
It should be an easily understood document that is used as a reference point for all employees
and management.
It should be developed and used to integrate security into all business functions and processes.
It should be derived from and support all legislation and regulation applicable to the company.
It should be reviewed and modified as a company changes, such as through adoption of a new
business model, merger with another company, or change of ownership.
Each iteration of the policy should be dated and under version control.
The units and individuals who are governed by the policy must have access to the applicable
portions and not be expected to have to read all policy material to find direction and answers
Issue-specific
Addresses specific security issues that management feels need more detailed explanation and
attention to make sure a comprehensive structure is built and all employees understand how they
are to comply with these security issues
E.g.: An e-mail policy might state that management can read any employee's e-mail messages
that reside on the mail server, but not when they reside on the user's workstation
System-specific
7. Presents the management's decisions that are specific to the actual computers, networks,
applications, and data.
This type of policy may provide an approved software list, which contains a list of applications
that may be installed on individual workstations.
E.g.: This policy may describe how databases are to be used and protected, how computers are
to be locked down, and how firewalls, IDSs, and scanners are to be employed.
Standards
Standards refer to mandatory activities, actions, rules, or regulations.
Standards can give a policy its support and reinforcement in direction
Standards could be internal, or externally mandated (government laws and regulations).
Procedures
Procedures are detailed step-by-step tasks that should be performed to achieve a certain goal.
E.g.: we can write procedures on how to install operating systems, configure security
mechanisms, implement access control lists, set up new user accounts, assign computer
privileges, audit activities, destroy material, report incidents, and much more.
Procedures are considered the lowest level in the policy chain because they are closest to the
computers and users (compared to policies) and provide detailed steps for configuration and
installation issues.
Procedures spell out how the policy, standards, and guidelines will actually be implemented in
an operating environment.
If a policy states that all individuals who access confidential information must be properly
authenticated, the supporting procedures will explain the steps for this to happen by defining the
access criteria for authorization, how access control mechanisms are implemented and
configured, and how access activities are audited
8. Baselines
A baseline can refer to a point in time that is used as a comparison for future changes. Once
risks have been mitigated, and security put in place, a baseline is formally reviewed and agreed
upon, after which all further comparisons and development are measured against it.
A baseline results in a consistent reference point.
Baselines are also used to define the minimum level of protection that is required.
In security, specific baselines can be defined per system type, which indicates the necessary
settings and the level of protection that is being provided. For example, a company may stipulate
that all accounting systems must meet an Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL) 4 baseline.
Security Note : Baselines that are not technology-oriented should be created and enforced within
organizations as well. For example, a company can mandate that all employees must have a
badge with a picture ID in view while in the facility at all times. It can also state that visitors
must sign in at a front desk and be escorted while in the facility. If these are followed, then this
creates a baseline of protection.
Guidelines
Guidelines are recommended actions and operational guides to users, IT staff, operations staff,
and others when a specific standard does not apply.
Guidelines can deal with the methodologies of technology, personnel, or physical security.
Putting It All Together
A policy might state that access to confidential data must be audited. A supporting guideline
could further explain that audits should contain sufficient information to allow for reconciliation
with prior reviews. Supporting procedures would outline the necessary steps to configure,
implement, and maintain this type of auditing.
policies are strategical(long term) while standards, guidelines and procedures are
9. tactical(medium term).Organizational Security Models
Some of the best practices that facilitate the implementation of security controls include Control
Objectives for Information and Related Technology (COBIT), ISO/IEC 17799/BS 7799,
Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL), and Operationally Critical Threat, Asset
and Vulnerability Evaluation (OCTAVE).
COSO
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), is a U.S.
private-sector initiative, formed in 1985. Its major objective is to identify the factors that cause
fraudulent financial reporting and to make recommendations to reduce its incidence. COSO has
established a common definition of internal controls, standards, and criteria against which
companies and organizations can assess their control systems.
Key concepts of the COSO framework
Internal control is a process. It is a means to an end, not an end in itself.
Internal control is affected by people. It’s not merely policy manuals and forms, but people at
every level of an organization.
Internal control can be expected to provide only reasonable assurance, not absolute assurance, to
an entity's management and board.
Internal control is geared to the achievement of objectives in one or more separate but
overlapping categories.
The COSO framework defines internal control as a process, effected by an entity's board of
directors, management and other personnel, designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding
the achievement of objectives in the following categories:
Effectiveness and efficiency ofoperations
Reliability of financial reporting
10. Compliance with applicable laws and regulations.
COSO Internal Control Framework: the five components
According to the COSO framework, internal control consists of five interrelated components.
These components provide an effective framework for describing and analyzing the internal
control system implemented in an organization. The five components are the following:
Control Environment: The control environment sets the tone of an organization, influencing the
control consciousness of its people. It is the foundation for all other components of internal
control, providing discipline and structure. Control environment factors include the integrity,
ethical values, management's operating style, delegation of authority systems, as well as the
processes for managing and developing people in the organization.
Risk assessment: Every entity faces a variety of risks from external and internal sources that
must be assessed. A precondition to risk assessment is establishment of objectives and thus risk
assessment is the identification and analysis of relevant risks to achievement of assigned
objectives. Risk assessment is a prerequisite for determining how the risks should be managed.
Control activities: Control activities are the policies and procedures that help ensure
management directives are carried out. They help ensure that necessary actions are taken to
address risks to achievement of the entity's objectives. Control activities occur throughout the
organization, at all levels and in all functions. They include a range of activities as diverse as
approvals, authorizations, verifications, reconciliations, reviews of operating performance,
security of assets and Separation of duties/segregation of duties.
Information and communication: Information systems play a key role in internal control systems
as they produce reports, including operational, financial and compliance-related information, that
make it possible to run and control the business. In a broader sense, effective communication
must ensure information flows down, across and up the organization. Effective communication
should also be ensured with external parties, such as customers, suppliers, regulators and
shareholders.
Monitoring: Internal control systems need to be monitored—a process that assesses the quality
of the system's performance over time. This is accomplished through ongoing monitoring
activities or separate evaluations. Internal control deficiencies detected through these moniw
11. Overview and Benefits
ITIL provides a systematic and professional approach to the management of IT service
provision. Adopting its guidance offers users a huge range of benefits that include:
reduced costs;
improved IT services through the use of proven best practice processes;
improved customer satisfaction through a more professional approach to service delivery;
standards and guidance;
improved productivity;
improved use of skills and experience; and
improved delivery of third party services through the specification of ITIL or ISO 20000 as the
standard for service delivery in services procurements.