For four years, we studied 31 highly effective teachers in nine low-performing urban schools in some of
the most economically depressed neighborhoods in Los Angeles County, Calif. The first thing that struck
us was how strict the teachers were. But it was a strictness that always was inseparable from a grander pur-
pose, even in students’ minds. For example, a 2nd grader admitted, “Ms. G kept me in the classroom to do
my work. She is good-hearted to me.” A high school math student wrote, “I think Mrs. E is such an effec-
tive teacher because of her discipline. People might think she is mean, but she is really not. She is strict.
There is a difference. She believes every student can learn.”
She’s Strict for a Good Reason
Highly Effective Teachers in
Low-Performing Urban Schools
Studying the work of highly
effective teachers can help
us better understand what
really works to improve
student learning and help
us avoid practices that are
complicated, trendy, and
expensive.
By Mary Poplin, John
Rivera, Dena Durish, Linda
Hoff, Susan Kawell, Pat
Pawlak, Ivannia Soto
Hinman, Laura Straus, and
Cloetta Veney
kappanmagazine.org V92 N5 Kappan 39
MARY POPLIN is a professor of education at Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, Calif. JOHN RIVERA is a professor and
special projects assistant to the president, San Diego City College, San Diego, Calif., and the study’s policy director. DENA DURISH
is coordinator for alternative routes to licensure programs for Clark County School District, Las Vegas, Nev. LINDA HOFF is director
of teacher education at Fresno Pacific University, Fresno, Calif. SUSAN KAWELL is an instructor at California State University, Los
Angeles, Calif. PAT PAWLAK is a program administrator in instructional services at Pomona Unified School District, Pomona, Calif.
IVANNIA SOTO HINMAN is an assistant professor of education at Whittier College, Whittier, Calif. LAURA STRAUS is an instructor
at the University of Montana Western, Dillon, Mont. CLOETTA VENEY is an administrative director at Azusa Pacific University, Azusa,
T
h
in
ks
to
c
k/
C
o
m
st
o
c
k
The teachers we studied had the highest percent-
age of students moving up a level on the English/lan-
guage arts or math subtests of the California Stan-
dards Test (CST) for two to three years. Toward the
end of the school year, we asked their students why
they thought their teacher taught them so much.
One Latino 4th grader summed up much of what we
discovered: “When I was in 1st grade and 2nd grade
and 3rd grade, when I cried, my teachers coddled
me. But when I got to Mrs. T’s room, she said, ‘Suck
it up and get to work.’ I think she’s right. I need to
work harder.”
We began our study with three questions: Are
there highly effective teachers in low-performing ur-
ban schools? If so, what instructional strategies do
they use? And what are their personal characteris-
tics?
There are highly effective teachers in these
schools, and we chose 31 of them for o ...
My Education Essay
Essay on The Future of Education
Elementary Education Essay
Education Essay examples
Philosophy of Education Essay examples
Problems with Education Essay
Essay about Higher Education
Early Childhood Education Essay examples
My Educational Plan
Definition of Education Essay
Educational Assessment Essay
Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, PhD - Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Established 1982). Dr. Kritsonis earned his PhD from The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; M.Ed., Seattle Pacific University; Seattle, Washington; BA Central Washington University, Ellensburg, Washington. He was also named as the Distinguished Alumnus for the College of Education and Professional Studies at Central Washington University.
Using Multiple Tiers of Instruction to Prevent Reading Difficulties in Young ...pearson_digital
This presentation was given on March 10, 2009, at the Pacific District Executive Forum in La Jolla, CA, by Dr. Joseph K. Torgeson. Dr. Torgeson, the Executive Director of the Florida Center for Reading Research at Florida State University, discussed how to prevent early reading difficulties in young students.
My Education Essay
Essay on The Future of Education
Elementary Education Essay
Education Essay examples
Philosophy of Education Essay examples
Problems with Education Essay
Essay about Higher Education
Early Childhood Education Essay examples
My Educational Plan
Definition of Education Essay
Educational Assessment Essay
Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, PhD - Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Established 1982). Dr. Kritsonis earned his PhD from The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; M.Ed., Seattle Pacific University; Seattle, Washington; BA Central Washington University, Ellensburg, Washington. He was also named as the Distinguished Alumnus for the College of Education and Professional Studies at Central Washington University.
Using Multiple Tiers of Instruction to Prevent Reading Difficulties in Young ...pearson_digital
This presentation was given on March 10, 2009, at the Pacific District Executive Forum in La Jolla, CA, by Dr. Joseph K. Torgeson. Dr. Torgeson, the Executive Director of the Florida Center for Reading Research at Florida State University, discussed how to prevent early reading difficulties in young students.
One of the most common used risk management tools is the Incident Re.docxAKHIL969626
One of the most common used risk management tools is the Incident Reporting.
More recently, incident Reporting system incorporated computer technology that will provide information like:
1. Major incident category.
2. Early identification of patterns and trends in the "how" and "why" of untoward events.
3. Code vulnerability inductors.
Discuss the potential benefits to use this technology. There is any Limitation for the system? Explain.
.
One of the first anthropologists to examine religion in Africa was E.docxAKHIL969626
One of the first anthropologists to examine religion in Africa was Edward Evans-Pritchard in the early 1900's. You will explore what he learned about the Azande by watching the first 23 minutes of "
Strange Beliefs: Sir Edward Evans-Pritchard
".
Instructions:
When you are done watching the video answer the following questions by referring to specific information from the video, NOT outside sources:
How do the Azande people featured in the film explain unfortunate events and what do they do about it?
According to your textbook, what is religion and how would Azande religious beliefs be classified?
Do you think Azande beliefs are any more or less rational than other religious beliefs like Judaism, Christianity, Islam, or Buddhism?
.
One of the most important concepts in clinical practice and group wo.docxAKHIL969626
One of the most important concepts in clinical practice and group work is confidentiality. All members of the group sign an informed consent form in order to address the rules and parameters of the group sessions. The rules regarding confidentiality are stated in one section of the form. Although every member must sign this agreement, ensuring that all information shared in the group remains confidential can be difficult. As the group leader, the clinical social worker is responsible for developing strategies so that all members feel safe to share.
For this Discussion, review the “Working With Groups: Latino Patients Living With HIV/AIDS” case study.
By Day 3
Post
strategies you might prefer to use to ensure confidentiality in a treatment group for individuals living with HIV/AIDS. Describe how informed consent addresses confidentiality in a group setting. How does confidentiality in a group differ from confidentiality in individual counseling? Also, discuss how you would address a breach of confidentiality in the group.
Required Readings
Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen, S. M. (Eds.). (2014).
Social work case studies: Concentration year
. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International Universities Publishing [Vital Source e-reader].
“Working With Groups: Latino Patients Living With HIV/AIDS” (pp. 39–41)
Toseland, R. W., & Rivas, R. F. (2017). An introduction to group work practice (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
Chapter 11, “Task Groups: Foundation Methods” (pp. 336-363)
Chapter 12, “Task Groups: Specialized Methods” (pp. 364–395)
Himalhoch, S., Medoff, D. R., & Oyeniyi, G. (2007). Efficacy of group psychotherapy to reduce depressive symptoms among HIV-infected individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
AIDS Patient Care and STDs,
21
(10), 732–739
Lasky, G. B., & Riva, M. T. (2006). Confidentiality and privileged communication in group psychotherapy.
International Journal of Group Psychotherapy
,
56
(4), 455–476.
Toseland, R. W., & Rivas, R. F. (2017).
An introduction to group work practice
(8th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
Chapter 1, “Introduction” (pp. 1–42)
Chapter 2, “Historical and Theoretical Developments” (pp. 45–66)
Working With Groups:
Latino
Patients Living
WithHIV/AIDS
The support group discussed here was created to address the unique needs of a vulnerable population receiving services at an outpatient interdisciplinary comprehensive care center. The center’s mission was to provide medical and psychosocial services to adult patients living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). Both patients and providers at the center expressed a need for a group to address the needs of the center’s Latino population. At the time the group was created, 36% of the center’s population identified as Latino, and 25% of this cohort identified Spanish as their primary language. The purpose of the group was twofold: 1) to reduce the social isolation felt by Latino patients at the center and 2) to create a culturally sensitive environm.
One function of a leader is to provide the vision for the organizati.docxAKHIL969626
One function of a leader is to provide the vision for the organization that they lead. Being a role model and leading the way forward are important aspects of leadership.
If you were leading an Internet retailer or another organization that involves innovative technology and organizational flexibility, describe the process that you would use to create a vision for the organization.
How would you get the employees involved in the vision?
Describe how the process would differ between an Internet retailer and a brick and mortar retailer.
.
One could argue that old-fashioned attitudes regarding gender and t.docxAKHIL969626
One could argue that old-fashioned attitudes regarding gender and "traditional" gender roles are becoming obsolete. In many parts of the world women head major corporations and hold high positions of power—positions historically seen as being of the male domain. In turn, many men freely choose to be "stay-at-home-dads" or enter professions that were once considered to be "feminine." Naturally, our contemporary views of gender and gender roles illustrate the social progress we have made as one human culture.
Yet, prehistoric and ancient works of art tell a different story—one that reinforces old-fashioned gender roles (and maybe for good reason). Prehistoric and ancient representations of gender illustrate the social norms of their periods. Naturally, these works of art were produced by people whose lives and values were quite different from ours. Yet, the views of gender presented by these works of art are, despite our contemporary sensibilities, are still very recognizable.
Write an essay that analyzes the representation of gender and gender roles as seen in
Woman of Willendorf
(prehistoric: c. 25,000–20,000 B.C.E.) and
Kouros
/
Statue of Standing Youth
(ancient Greece: c. 580 B.C.E.).
.
One of the hallmarks of qualitative research is writing detailed obs.docxAKHIL969626
One of the hallmarks of qualitative research is writing detailed observations when collecting data. For this assignment, take a notebook with you to a public setting where social interaction takes place (restaurant, public library, public park, shopping mall, airport, etc.). Observe for an hour, then write up your notes into a descriptive vignette, looking for patterns in events and actions.
Observe as though you are a stranger in a new country, trying to make sense of the action around you. Describe how things look, smell, sound, feel, etc. Be as descriptive as possible. Write up your observations into a vignette with the intention of having readers feel as though they are in the environment you choose to observe. Do not be shy to talk to people and ask what they are doing for more information.
REMEMBER to concentrate on observing the
context
only (NO PERSONAL OPINIONS)! This paper should be no longer than 3 pages double-spaced. There is going to be follow-up with this assignment in Module 8.
Assignment Specifics:
· Student will write a 3 double-spaced reflective paper.
· Citations from any of the required reading/presentations from the assigned module
· APA format
.
One of the three main tenants of information security is availabilit.docxAKHIL969626
One of the three main tenants of information security is availability. It is also one of the least thought about. Explain the importance of availability? Do you believe it should be more important than the other two tenants (confidentiality/integrity)? Why is it important to know the value of your data when it comes to availability?
Requirements:
Initial posting by Wednesday
Reply to at least 2 other classmates by Sunday (Post a response on different days throughout the week)
Provide a minimum of 3 references on the initial post and on any response posts.
Proper APA Format (References & Citations)/No plagiarism
.
One of the challenges in group problem solving is identifying the ac.docxAKHIL969626
One of the challenges in group problem solving is identifying the actual problem. Often as a group, we try to fix the symptoms of the problem instead of the actual problem. Review the attached scenario. Identify the problem, write a problem statement, and explain why you believe the problem you identified is not a symptom but the actual root cause.
*Post must be 200 to 250 words
*Answer must be clear, concise and straight forward
* PE is attached
.
One is the personal plot that unfolds around the relationships betwe.docxAKHIL969626
One is the personal plot that unfolds around the relationships between the characters—O thello, Iago, Desdemona, Cassio, Rodrigo, and Emelia. The other plot is the more public one in which Venice is at war with the Turks. How do these plots intersect, and do they overlap in terms of some of the main themes of the play? For instance, don’t overlook the line in Act I, iii, regarding where the Turks are headed in their ships—“or this cannot be, by no assay of reason: 'tis a pageant,to keep us in false gaze.”
.
One and half pagesimple, noplagarism Title page, abstr.docxAKHIL969626
One and half page
simple, noplagarism
Title page, abstract, table of contents, list of figures, list of tables are all
not required
in the discussion forums. All other aspects of
APA (citations, list of references, correct spacing & formatting, etc.)
are
required to receive full credit
You must
engage
(not just agree, disagree, or repost you own posting) at least two of your classmates in the discussions each week to receive full credit
Each question should be researched and supported with some peer reviewed sources other than or in addition to your textbook
Discussion posts are assessed on a rubric with equal weight given to 5 assessable items: Comprehension, Timeliness, Engagement, Critical Thinking, and APA/Mechanics
Digital Forensics
There are three primary goals with digital forensics:
Collect electronically stored information in a sound, defensible manner,
Analyze the results of the collections, and
Present the findings either in formal legal proceedings or less formally to inform a client.
Electronic evidence can be short-lived and fragile. It needs to be collected in a defensible, methodological manner to preserve it accurately, and to withstand scrutiny in legal proceedings. (chain of custody)
Electronic evidence can be highly probative, both as it appears to users, and behind the scenes. There is a lot of information that a computer user never sees (e.g. metadata, logs, registry entries). This behind-the-scenes evidence may provide a wealth of information about who did what when and where. Forensic analysts are trained to preserve, collect and interpret this kind of evidence.
Some digital files can be recovered, even if a user has tried to delete them.
Locate a famous case where digital forensics played a role, and share it with the class. Discuss how digital forensics was critical in cracking the case. Examples are listed below, but
you can’t use them – find your own.
Famous cases cracked with digital forensics
Be it a text message, Google searches or GPS information, a person’s digital footprint can provide plenty of ammunition in the courtroom. Here are a few cases where digital forensics played a critical role in bringing about justice
.
1. The BTK Killer, Dennis Rader
Perhaps the most famous case to be solved through digital forensics is that of
the BTK Killer Dennis Rader
, with “BTK” referring to his MO of “bind, torture and kill.” Rader enjoyed taunting police during his killing sprees in Wichita, KS. But this also proved to be his fatal flaw. A floppy disk Rader sent to police revealed his true identity. He was soon arrested, pled guilty and was put behind bars for life, much to the relief of his long-terrorized community.
2. Dr. Conrad Murray’s lethal prescriptions
Another recent case solved with digital forensics was that of
Dr. Conrad Murray, personal physician of Michael Jackson
. Digital forensics played a crucial role in the trial. After Jackson passed away unexpectedly in 20.
One 750 - word essay exploring an art historical issue presented in .docxAKHIL969626
One 750 - word essay exploring an art historical issue presented in the class.(following file)
The file is 6 pages long. write a reaction and add some of the own thinking.
The file preview
The Combahee River Collective Statement
Combahee River Collective
We are a collective of Black feminists who have been meeting ...........
.
One of the most interesting items in the communication realm of orga.docxAKHIL969626
One of the most interesting items in the communication realm of organization management is the informal grapevine. The informal grapevine has the capacity to undermine the official communication function of a criminal justice organization.
Discuss what a grapevine is and the best methods to counteract it.
.
One of the most important filmmakers of the twentieth centur.docxAKHIL969626
One of the most important filmmakers of the twentieth century to release such popular films such as Ferris Bueller’s Day Off, and The Breakfast Club was someone by the name of John Hughes. Born February 18 in 1950, he sadly died 11 years ago due to a heart attack. Brought up in Michigan, John Hughes started off by creating jokes for already famous comedians. He then began to capture the interest of adolescents in the 1980’s with his work. Movies such as The Breakfast Club;Sixteen Candles;Ferris Bueller's Day Off;Plane, Trains, and Automobiles; and Home Alone gained a huge amount of popularity over time. These movies usually ended in a good way but not without a struggle along the way.
One of John Hughes most popular film’s, titled The Breakfast club takes place in a school library setting as the main 5 students are tasked with learning and understanding each other. Understanding their dislikes for teachers, parents, as well as going through the peer pressure of their respective social groups. This film highly resembles Hughes' work as it reaches toward the best of society with all different types of popular culture which explains why the movie takes place in a library, with the students surrounded by art, books, and statues.
Hughes was very well known as being the king of highschool movies. All of his work dealt with teenagers and the issues they dealt with. Ferris Bueller
Ferris Buellers was one of Hughes' first comedies, and it is the most original movie about high school that has ever been made. There wasn't a movie like it before it was made, and since many attempts have been made to recapture what Ferris Buellers brought to the table. Unfortunately, that is impossible. A big part of Ferris Bueller's magic was the originality of Hughes' vision. He looked at teenagers and high school life from a completely new perspective. Hughes created a world where everything worked out for the hero, and everyone can identify with that.
.
One of the ways businesses provide secure access to their networ.docxAKHIL969626
One of the ways businesses provide secure access to their network (or a subset of their network) to remote (or mobile) users is to use virtual private networks (VPNs). VPNs allow users to connect securely (over an encrypted link) to a network. For this discussion:
Define the term virtual private network
Discuss the goal(s) of a VPN
Describe different types of VPNs (hardware or software based)
Discuss how the use of a VPN may support BYOD (bring your own device)
List several commonly available (open source) VPNs
Describe best practices for using a VPN
300 Words NO Plagiarism
.
On Stretching Time (250 Words)The given paradigms by which we.docxAKHIL969626
On Stretching Time (250 Words)
“The given paradigms by which we are to understand and use academic freedom isolate utterances and individuals to insist that the contexts that matter are professional and institutional. But if we stretch time, the potent context of modern nationalism/settler colonialism becomes strongly palpable.”
Kandice Chuh argues that it is imperative for us to “stretch time”: to be able to place utterances and individuals in the academic context in the broader context of modern nationalism and settler colonialism. What is something someone can only understand about you by bringing in a larger context? Write that, and also the larger context needed to understand.
.
On the evening news, social media and even in conversation, do you f.docxAKHIL969626
On the evening news, social media and even in conversation, do you feel that noting where data and other vital information being shared came from could alleviate confusion, frustration and "gossip"? If so, where should we draw the line? Do you trust what others discuss with you? Or do you "fact check"?
.
On p. 98-99 of Music and Capitalism, Tim Taylor writes, The.docxAKHIL969626
On p. 98-99 of
Music and Capitalism,
Tim Taylor writes, “These and other Western star musicians employ other common discourses about the musicians with whom they worked and the musics they appropriated or collaborated with. The dominant ideology and discourse are that non-Western musics are a kind of natural resource that is available for the taking, though these acts of appropriation are frequently tempered by the Western star’s appearance alongside the non-Western musicians in publicity photographs, on recordings, and in liner notes.”
Review your notes from class about important words, or look these up as necessary: discourse, appropriation, collaboration, ideology
Then, write a response that does the following:
Explain: what does this quotation mean in your own words?
How does the
Graceland
example fit in with what Tim Taylor is talking about here
?
Think of another time that musicians with different power positions are part of a musical performance or recording (you can use one in the chapter, like
Buena Vista Social Club, Deep Forest,
“The Lion Sleeps Tonight,” “Return to Innocence,” “El Condor Pasa,” or
Talking Timbuktu
, or one not in the reading that interests you). Describe the relationship between the musicians, and argue whether you think the album/performance is appropriation, collaboration, sampling, or something else. If the artists have different positionalities in terms of race, gender, and/or country of origin, comment on the effect this has. Give your opinion on ethical questions raised in this particular situation.
Your response should be about 3-5 paragraphs (minimum 12 sentences) in length. For part c, you will need to reference and cite an additional source (i.e. web site, album, academic source, news article, etc.)
.
On 1 January 2016, the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) o.docxAKHIL969626
On 1 January 2016, the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development — adopted by world leaders in September 2015 at an historic UN Summit — officially came into force. These goals address every topic of concern we have discussed this semester. Over the coming decade, it's the hope of UN member nations (which includes the U.S.) that the SDGs will universally be applied to all, countries will mobilize efforts to end all forms of poverty, fight inequalities and tackle climate change, while ensuring that no one is left behind.
With the SDGs as your reference, answer these questions:
Are any of the 17goals from the UN website particularly unrealistic—describe, in detail, why you think so (or not).
Which of the 17 goals do you believe is the highest priority for the world and why? Cite specific examples from class content, discussions and assessments.
.
On September 11, 2001 the U.S. changed forever. While the U.S. had s.docxAKHIL969626
On September 11, 2001 the U.S. changed forever. While the U.S. had suffered attacks before, nothing to this scale and magnitude. The attacks were aimed at highly populated areas (NYC) and homes for the government and armed forces (Washington, D.C. and the Pentagon). The World Trade Centers were an ideal target for their height and location. For your own post, consider vulnerable populations. What constitutes vulnerability in populations living in disaster prone areas? Consider NYC, these attacks were neither the first nor the last attacks NYC has suffered. Why is NYC such a hub for terrorist attacks? Try considering other areas, other than NYC, and provide an example from a recent disaster. Unfortunately, there are many. You can discuss man-made disasters or natural disasters.
250 Words
.
On January 28, 1986, the Space Shuttle Challenger was destroyed upo.docxAKHIL969626
On January 28, 1986, the Space Shuttle Challenger was destroyed upon launch from Cape Canaveral, Florida killing all seven astronauts on board. Conduct a literature and an Internet search on the topics of the Challenger disaster and groupthink. Then, discuss how groupthink might have created decision-making problems for NASA and its booster contractor. Cite at least two sources in your answer.
250 words and list references
.
One of the most common used risk management tools is the Incident Re.docxAKHIL969626
One of the most common used risk management tools is the Incident Reporting.
More recently, incident Reporting system incorporated computer technology that will provide information like:
1. Major incident category.
2. Early identification of patterns and trends in the "how" and "why" of untoward events.
3. Code vulnerability inductors.
Discuss the potential benefits to use this technology. There is any Limitation for the system? Explain.
.
One of the first anthropologists to examine religion in Africa was E.docxAKHIL969626
One of the first anthropologists to examine religion in Africa was Edward Evans-Pritchard in the early 1900's. You will explore what he learned about the Azande by watching the first 23 minutes of "
Strange Beliefs: Sir Edward Evans-Pritchard
".
Instructions:
When you are done watching the video answer the following questions by referring to specific information from the video, NOT outside sources:
How do the Azande people featured in the film explain unfortunate events and what do they do about it?
According to your textbook, what is religion and how would Azande religious beliefs be classified?
Do you think Azande beliefs are any more or less rational than other religious beliefs like Judaism, Christianity, Islam, or Buddhism?
.
One of the most important concepts in clinical practice and group wo.docxAKHIL969626
One of the most important concepts in clinical practice and group work is confidentiality. All members of the group sign an informed consent form in order to address the rules and parameters of the group sessions. The rules regarding confidentiality are stated in one section of the form. Although every member must sign this agreement, ensuring that all information shared in the group remains confidential can be difficult. As the group leader, the clinical social worker is responsible for developing strategies so that all members feel safe to share.
For this Discussion, review the “Working With Groups: Latino Patients Living With HIV/AIDS” case study.
By Day 3
Post
strategies you might prefer to use to ensure confidentiality in a treatment group for individuals living with HIV/AIDS. Describe how informed consent addresses confidentiality in a group setting. How does confidentiality in a group differ from confidentiality in individual counseling? Also, discuss how you would address a breach of confidentiality in the group.
Required Readings
Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen, S. M. (Eds.). (2014).
Social work case studies: Concentration year
. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International Universities Publishing [Vital Source e-reader].
“Working With Groups: Latino Patients Living With HIV/AIDS” (pp. 39–41)
Toseland, R. W., & Rivas, R. F. (2017). An introduction to group work practice (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
Chapter 11, “Task Groups: Foundation Methods” (pp. 336-363)
Chapter 12, “Task Groups: Specialized Methods” (pp. 364–395)
Himalhoch, S., Medoff, D. R., & Oyeniyi, G. (2007). Efficacy of group psychotherapy to reduce depressive symptoms among HIV-infected individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
AIDS Patient Care and STDs,
21
(10), 732–739
Lasky, G. B., & Riva, M. T. (2006). Confidentiality and privileged communication in group psychotherapy.
International Journal of Group Psychotherapy
,
56
(4), 455–476.
Toseland, R. W., & Rivas, R. F. (2017).
An introduction to group work practice
(8th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
Chapter 1, “Introduction” (pp. 1–42)
Chapter 2, “Historical and Theoretical Developments” (pp. 45–66)
Working With Groups:
Latino
Patients Living
WithHIV/AIDS
The support group discussed here was created to address the unique needs of a vulnerable population receiving services at an outpatient interdisciplinary comprehensive care center. The center’s mission was to provide medical and psychosocial services to adult patients living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). Both patients and providers at the center expressed a need for a group to address the needs of the center’s Latino population. At the time the group was created, 36% of the center’s population identified as Latino, and 25% of this cohort identified Spanish as their primary language. The purpose of the group was twofold: 1) to reduce the social isolation felt by Latino patients at the center and 2) to create a culturally sensitive environm.
One function of a leader is to provide the vision for the organizati.docxAKHIL969626
One function of a leader is to provide the vision for the organization that they lead. Being a role model and leading the way forward are important aspects of leadership.
If you were leading an Internet retailer or another organization that involves innovative technology and organizational flexibility, describe the process that you would use to create a vision for the organization.
How would you get the employees involved in the vision?
Describe how the process would differ between an Internet retailer and a brick and mortar retailer.
.
One could argue that old-fashioned attitudes regarding gender and t.docxAKHIL969626
One could argue that old-fashioned attitudes regarding gender and "traditional" gender roles are becoming obsolete. In many parts of the world women head major corporations and hold high positions of power—positions historically seen as being of the male domain. In turn, many men freely choose to be "stay-at-home-dads" or enter professions that were once considered to be "feminine." Naturally, our contemporary views of gender and gender roles illustrate the social progress we have made as one human culture.
Yet, prehistoric and ancient works of art tell a different story—one that reinforces old-fashioned gender roles (and maybe for good reason). Prehistoric and ancient representations of gender illustrate the social norms of their periods. Naturally, these works of art were produced by people whose lives and values were quite different from ours. Yet, the views of gender presented by these works of art are, despite our contemporary sensibilities, are still very recognizable.
Write an essay that analyzes the representation of gender and gender roles as seen in
Woman of Willendorf
(prehistoric: c. 25,000–20,000 B.C.E.) and
Kouros
/
Statue of Standing Youth
(ancient Greece: c. 580 B.C.E.).
.
One of the hallmarks of qualitative research is writing detailed obs.docxAKHIL969626
One of the hallmarks of qualitative research is writing detailed observations when collecting data. For this assignment, take a notebook with you to a public setting where social interaction takes place (restaurant, public library, public park, shopping mall, airport, etc.). Observe for an hour, then write up your notes into a descriptive vignette, looking for patterns in events and actions.
Observe as though you are a stranger in a new country, trying to make sense of the action around you. Describe how things look, smell, sound, feel, etc. Be as descriptive as possible. Write up your observations into a vignette with the intention of having readers feel as though they are in the environment you choose to observe. Do not be shy to talk to people and ask what they are doing for more information.
REMEMBER to concentrate on observing the
context
only (NO PERSONAL OPINIONS)! This paper should be no longer than 3 pages double-spaced. There is going to be follow-up with this assignment in Module 8.
Assignment Specifics:
· Student will write a 3 double-spaced reflective paper.
· Citations from any of the required reading/presentations from the assigned module
· APA format
.
One of the three main tenants of information security is availabilit.docxAKHIL969626
One of the three main tenants of information security is availability. It is also one of the least thought about. Explain the importance of availability? Do you believe it should be more important than the other two tenants (confidentiality/integrity)? Why is it important to know the value of your data when it comes to availability?
Requirements:
Initial posting by Wednesday
Reply to at least 2 other classmates by Sunday (Post a response on different days throughout the week)
Provide a minimum of 3 references on the initial post and on any response posts.
Proper APA Format (References & Citations)/No plagiarism
.
One of the challenges in group problem solving is identifying the ac.docxAKHIL969626
One of the challenges in group problem solving is identifying the actual problem. Often as a group, we try to fix the symptoms of the problem instead of the actual problem. Review the attached scenario. Identify the problem, write a problem statement, and explain why you believe the problem you identified is not a symptom but the actual root cause.
*Post must be 200 to 250 words
*Answer must be clear, concise and straight forward
* PE is attached
.
One is the personal plot that unfolds around the relationships betwe.docxAKHIL969626
One is the personal plot that unfolds around the relationships between the characters—O thello, Iago, Desdemona, Cassio, Rodrigo, and Emelia. The other plot is the more public one in which Venice is at war with the Turks. How do these plots intersect, and do they overlap in terms of some of the main themes of the play? For instance, don’t overlook the line in Act I, iii, regarding where the Turks are headed in their ships—“or this cannot be, by no assay of reason: 'tis a pageant,to keep us in false gaze.”
.
One and half pagesimple, noplagarism Title page, abstr.docxAKHIL969626
One and half page
simple, noplagarism
Title page, abstract, table of contents, list of figures, list of tables are all
not required
in the discussion forums. All other aspects of
APA (citations, list of references, correct spacing & formatting, etc.)
are
required to receive full credit
You must
engage
(not just agree, disagree, or repost you own posting) at least two of your classmates in the discussions each week to receive full credit
Each question should be researched and supported with some peer reviewed sources other than or in addition to your textbook
Discussion posts are assessed on a rubric with equal weight given to 5 assessable items: Comprehension, Timeliness, Engagement, Critical Thinking, and APA/Mechanics
Digital Forensics
There are three primary goals with digital forensics:
Collect electronically stored information in a sound, defensible manner,
Analyze the results of the collections, and
Present the findings either in formal legal proceedings or less formally to inform a client.
Electronic evidence can be short-lived and fragile. It needs to be collected in a defensible, methodological manner to preserve it accurately, and to withstand scrutiny in legal proceedings. (chain of custody)
Electronic evidence can be highly probative, both as it appears to users, and behind the scenes. There is a lot of information that a computer user never sees (e.g. metadata, logs, registry entries). This behind-the-scenes evidence may provide a wealth of information about who did what when and where. Forensic analysts are trained to preserve, collect and interpret this kind of evidence.
Some digital files can be recovered, even if a user has tried to delete them.
Locate a famous case where digital forensics played a role, and share it with the class. Discuss how digital forensics was critical in cracking the case. Examples are listed below, but
you can’t use them – find your own.
Famous cases cracked with digital forensics
Be it a text message, Google searches or GPS information, a person’s digital footprint can provide plenty of ammunition in the courtroom. Here are a few cases where digital forensics played a critical role in bringing about justice
.
1. The BTK Killer, Dennis Rader
Perhaps the most famous case to be solved through digital forensics is that of
the BTK Killer Dennis Rader
, with “BTK” referring to his MO of “bind, torture and kill.” Rader enjoyed taunting police during his killing sprees in Wichita, KS. But this also proved to be his fatal flaw. A floppy disk Rader sent to police revealed his true identity. He was soon arrested, pled guilty and was put behind bars for life, much to the relief of his long-terrorized community.
2. Dr. Conrad Murray’s lethal prescriptions
Another recent case solved with digital forensics was that of
Dr. Conrad Murray, personal physician of Michael Jackson
. Digital forensics played a crucial role in the trial. After Jackson passed away unexpectedly in 20.
One 750 - word essay exploring an art historical issue presented in .docxAKHIL969626
One 750 - word essay exploring an art historical issue presented in the class.(following file)
The file is 6 pages long. write a reaction and add some of the own thinking.
The file preview
The Combahee River Collective Statement
Combahee River Collective
We are a collective of Black feminists who have been meeting ...........
.
One of the most interesting items in the communication realm of orga.docxAKHIL969626
One of the most interesting items in the communication realm of organization management is the informal grapevine. The informal grapevine has the capacity to undermine the official communication function of a criminal justice organization.
Discuss what a grapevine is and the best methods to counteract it.
.
One of the most important filmmakers of the twentieth centur.docxAKHIL969626
One of the most important filmmakers of the twentieth century to release such popular films such as Ferris Bueller’s Day Off, and The Breakfast Club was someone by the name of John Hughes. Born February 18 in 1950, he sadly died 11 years ago due to a heart attack. Brought up in Michigan, John Hughes started off by creating jokes for already famous comedians. He then began to capture the interest of adolescents in the 1980’s with his work. Movies such as The Breakfast Club;Sixteen Candles;Ferris Bueller's Day Off;Plane, Trains, and Automobiles; and Home Alone gained a huge amount of popularity over time. These movies usually ended in a good way but not without a struggle along the way.
One of John Hughes most popular film’s, titled The Breakfast club takes place in a school library setting as the main 5 students are tasked with learning and understanding each other. Understanding their dislikes for teachers, parents, as well as going through the peer pressure of their respective social groups. This film highly resembles Hughes' work as it reaches toward the best of society with all different types of popular culture which explains why the movie takes place in a library, with the students surrounded by art, books, and statues.
Hughes was very well known as being the king of highschool movies. All of his work dealt with teenagers and the issues they dealt with. Ferris Bueller
Ferris Buellers was one of Hughes' first comedies, and it is the most original movie about high school that has ever been made. There wasn't a movie like it before it was made, and since many attempts have been made to recapture what Ferris Buellers brought to the table. Unfortunately, that is impossible. A big part of Ferris Bueller's magic was the originality of Hughes' vision. He looked at teenagers and high school life from a completely new perspective. Hughes created a world where everything worked out for the hero, and everyone can identify with that.
.
One of the ways businesses provide secure access to their networ.docxAKHIL969626
One of the ways businesses provide secure access to their network (or a subset of their network) to remote (or mobile) users is to use virtual private networks (VPNs). VPNs allow users to connect securely (over an encrypted link) to a network. For this discussion:
Define the term virtual private network
Discuss the goal(s) of a VPN
Describe different types of VPNs (hardware or software based)
Discuss how the use of a VPN may support BYOD (bring your own device)
List several commonly available (open source) VPNs
Describe best practices for using a VPN
300 Words NO Plagiarism
.
On Stretching Time (250 Words)The given paradigms by which we.docxAKHIL969626
On Stretching Time (250 Words)
“The given paradigms by which we are to understand and use academic freedom isolate utterances and individuals to insist that the contexts that matter are professional and institutional. But if we stretch time, the potent context of modern nationalism/settler colonialism becomes strongly palpable.”
Kandice Chuh argues that it is imperative for us to “stretch time”: to be able to place utterances and individuals in the academic context in the broader context of modern nationalism and settler colonialism. What is something someone can only understand about you by bringing in a larger context? Write that, and also the larger context needed to understand.
.
On the evening news, social media and even in conversation, do you f.docxAKHIL969626
On the evening news, social media and even in conversation, do you feel that noting where data and other vital information being shared came from could alleviate confusion, frustration and "gossip"? If so, where should we draw the line? Do you trust what others discuss with you? Or do you "fact check"?
.
On p. 98-99 of Music and Capitalism, Tim Taylor writes, The.docxAKHIL969626
On p. 98-99 of
Music and Capitalism,
Tim Taylor writes, “These and other Western star musicians employ other common discourses about the musicians with whom they worked and the musics they appropriated or collaborated with. The dominant ideology and discourse are that non-Western musics are a kind of natural resource that is available for the taking, though these acts of appropriation are frequently tempered by the Western star’s appearance alongside the non-Western musicians in publicity photographs, on recordings, and in liner notes.”
Review your notes from class about important words, or look these up as necessary: discourse, appropriation, collaboration, ideology
Then, write a response that does the following:
Explain: what does this quotation mean in your own words?
How does the
Graceland
example fit in with what Tim Taylor is talking about here
?
Think of another time that musicians with different power positions are part of a musical performance or recording (you can use one in the chapter, like
Buena Vista Social Club, Deep Forest,
“The Lion Sleeps Tonight,” “Return to Innocence,” “El Condor Pasa,” or
Talking Timbuktu
, or one not in the reading that interests you). Describe the relationship between the musicians, and argue whether you think the album/performance is appropriation, collaboration, sampling, or something else. If the artists have different positionalities in terms of race, gender, and/or country of origin, comment on the effect this has. Give your opinion on ethical questions raised in this particular situation.
Your response should be about 3-5 paragraphs (minimum 12 sentences) in length. For part c, you will need to reference and cite an additional source (i.e. web site, album, academic source, news article, etc.)
.
On 1 January 2016, the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) o.docxAKHIL969626
On 1 January 2016, the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development — adopted by world leaders in September 2015 at an historic UN Summit — officially came into force. These goals address every topic of concern we have discussed this semester. Over the coming decade, it's the hope of UN member nations (which includes the U.S.) that the SDGs will universally be applied to all, countries will mobilize efforts to end all forms of poverty, fight inequalities and tackle climate change, while ensuring that no one is left behind.
With the SDGs as your reference, answer these questions:
Are any of the 17goals from the UN website particularly unrealistic—describe, in detail, why you think so (or not).
Which of the 17 goals do you believe is the highest priority for the world and why? Cite specific examples from class content, discussions and assessments.
.
On September 11, 2001 the U.S. changed forever. While the U.S. had s.docxAKHIL969626
On September 11, 2001 the U.S. changed forever. While the U.S. had suffered attacks before, nothing to this scale and magnitude. The attacks were aimed at highly populated areas (NYC) and homes for the government and armed forces (Washington, D.C. and the Pentagon). The World Trade Centers were an ideal target for their height and location. For your own post, consider vulnerable populations. What constitutes vulnerability in populations living in disaster prone areas? Consider NYC, these attacks were neither the first nor the last attacks NYC has suffered. Why is NYC such a hub for terrorist attacks? Try considering other areas, other than NYC, and provide an example from a recent disaster. Unfortunately, there are many. You can discuss man-made disasters or natural disasters.
250 Words
.
On January 28, 1986, the Space Shuttle Challenger was destroyed upo.docxAKHIL969626
On January 28, 1986, the Space Shuttle Challenger was destroyed upon launch from Cape Canaveral, Florida killing all seven astronauts on board. Conduct a literature and an Internet search on the topics of the Challenger disaster and groupthink. Then, discuss how groupthink might have created decision-making problems for NASA and its booster contractor. Cite at least two sources in your answer.
250 words and list references
.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
For four years, we studied 31 highly effective teachers in nin.docx
1. For four years, we studied 31 highly effective teachers in nine
low-performing urban schools in some of
the most economically depressed neighborhoods in Los Angeles
County, Calif. The first thing that struck
us was how strict the teachers were. But it was a strictness that
always was inseparable from a grander pur-
pose, even in students’ minds. For example, a 2nd grader
admitted, “Ms. G kept me in the classroom to do
my work. She is good-hearted to me.” A high school math
student wrote, “I think Mrs. E is such an effec-
tive teacher because of her discipline. People might think she is
mean, but she is really not. She is strict.
There is a difference. She believes every student can learn.”
She’s Strict for a Good Reason
Highly Effective Teachers in
Low-Performing Urban Schools
Studying the work of highly
effective teachers can help
us better understand what
really works to improve
student learning and help
us avoid practices that are
complicated, trendy, and
expensive.
By Mary Poplin, John
Rivera, Dena Durish, Linda
2. Hoff, Susan Kawell, Pat
Pawlak, Ivannia Soto
Hinman, Laura Straus, and
Cloetta Veney
kappanmagazine.org V92 N5 Kappan 39
MARY POPLIN is a professor of education at Claremont
Graduate University, Claremont, Calif. JOHN RIVERA is a
professor and
special projects assistant to the president, San Diego City
College, San Diego, Calif., and the study’s policy director.
DENA DURISH
is coordinator for alternative routes to licensure programs for
Clark County School District, Las Vegas, Nev. LINDA HOFF is
director
of teacher education at Fresno Pacific University, Fresno, Calif.
SUSAN KAWELL is an instructor at California State
University, Los
Angeles, Calif. PAT PAWLAK is a program administrator in
instructional services at Pomona Unified School District,
Pomona, Calif.
IVANNIA SOTO HINMAN is an assistant professor of
education at Whittier College, Whittier, Calif. LAURA
STRAUS is an instructor
at the University of Montana Western, Dillon, Mont. CLOETTA
VENEY is an administrative director at Azusa Pacific
University, Azusa,
T
h
in
3. ks
to
c
k/
C
o
m
st
o
c
k
The teachers we studied had the highest percent-
age of students moving up a level on the English/lan-
guage arts or math subtests of the California Stan-
dards Test (CST) for two to three years. Toward the
end of the school year, we asked their students why
they thought their teacher taught them so much.
One Latino 4th grader summed up much of what we
discovered: “When I was in 1st grade and 2nd grade
and 3rd grade, when I cried, my teachers coddled
me. But when I got to Mrs. T’s room, she said, ‘Suck
it up and get to work.’ I think she’s right. I need to
work harder.”
We began our study with three questions: Are
there highly effective teachers in low-performing ur-
ban schools? If so, what instructional strategies do
they use? And what are their personal characteris-
tics?
4. There are highly effective teachers in these
schools, and we chose 31 of them for our study. They
included 24 women and seven men; 24 taught Eng-
lish/language arts, and seven taught math; 11 taught
in elementary schools, nine in middle schools, and
11 in high schools. In the year they were observed,
these teachers’ CST data revealed that 51% of their
students moved up a level, 34% maintained their lev-
els, and only 15% dropped a level.
These results were very different from those of
their peers teaching in the same schools. For exam-
ple, in three high schools, we calculated every
teacher’s achievement and found disheartening data.
Fifty percent of the English teachers and 60% of the
math teachers had between 30% and 75% of their
40 Kappan February 2011 kappanmagazine.org
Are there highly effective
teachers in low-performing
urban schools?
If so, what instructional
strategies do they use?
What are their personal
characteristics?Th
in
ks
to
c
k/
6. percent of the English teachers and 68% of the math
teachers had the same number or more students go-
ing down a level as going up.
Clearly, the highly effective teachers were differ-
ent. What was happening in their classrooms? Who
were these high performers?
THE CLASSROOM
Strictness. These teachers believed their strictness
was necessary for effective teaching and learning and
for safety and respect. Students also saw their teacher’s
strictness as serving larger purposes. Students ex-
plained that their teacher was strict “because she
doesn’t want us to get ripped off in life,” “because she
wants us to go to college,” “because she wants us to
be at the top of 2nd grade,” “because she wants us to
be winners and not losers,” and “because he has faith
in us to succeed.”
Instructional intensity. The second most obvious
characteristic was the intensity of academic work.
There was rarely a time when instruction wasn’t go-
ing on. Our first visit to the only elementary teacher
identified for mathematics gains found Ms. N
marching her 1st graders to the playground as they
chanted, “3, 6, 9, 12, 15. . . 30” As the year progressed,
they learned to march by 2s through 9s; by May her
“almost 2nd graders” could multiply. She told us that
she appreciated the standards as guides — “to know
what I’m responsible for teaching” — and that she
always tried to “push the students just a little bit into
2nd grade.”
The teachers transitioned from one activity to an-
7. other quickly and easily. Many of them used timers,
and students often were reminded of the time re-
maining for a particular activity. At one school,
teachers met students in the hallway during the pass-
ing periods and talked with them. When the final
bell rang, these teachers instructed students on ex-
actly what should be on their desk when they sat
down: “When you get inside the door, take your jack-
ets off; get out your book, pencil, and notebooks;
then put everything else in your backpack and un-
der your desks.” As students entered, conversations
ended and students prepared for work.
Most teachers began with an overview of the day.
In some cases, students were required to copy the
daily agenda in their notebooks — “In case your par-
ents ask you what you learned today, I want you to
be able to tell them.”
Movement. Perhaps the single most productive
practice of most of these teachers was their frequent
movement around the classroom to assist individual
students. The time spent at students’ desks provided
feedback on the effectiveness of their instruction,
kept students on track and focused, offered individ-
ual students extra instruction and encouragement,
and even allowed for brief personal interactions be-
tween teachers and students. This simple, almost in-
stinctive activity of walking around accomplished
scores of purposes naturally — individualized and
differentiated instruction, informal assessments,
teacher reflection, teacher/student relationships, re-
sponse to intervention (RTI), and classroom man-
agement. By walking around, teachers came to know
their students. For example, Mrs. M asked a middle
8. school student whose head was on his desk what was
wrong. He replied, “I don’t feel so good.” She headed
toward him, proclaiming, “Remember what I always
tell you, you’ll feel much better when you get your
work done. Here, let me help you.” She stayed by
his side until he had a good start on his work. We rarely
knew which students were classified as special educa-
tion or English language learners because teachers’
personal assistance helped mask this.
Traditional instruction. Traditional, explicit, teacher-
directed instruction was by far the most dominant in-
structional practice. We were constantly reminded of
Madeline Hunter’s sequences — anticipatory set, in-
put, modeling, checking for understanding, guided
practice, monitoring, closure, independent practice,
and review. Instruction was, for the most part, un-
abashedly and unapologetically from the state stan-
dards and official curriculum materials. Ms. N told us,
“Open Court is very helpful and gives you good pac-
ing.” This surprised the team, as there had been a good
deal of contention in Los Angeles over requiring this
series.
Typically, following energetic content presenta-
tions and demonstrations, teachers entered into
whole-class discussions. Students were called on ran-
domly and had to use full sentences and high-level
vocabulary. Teachers always pushed students (a term
used by teachers and students). Ms. P said to one
young girl, “That is absolutely correct! Now, can you
say that like a 5th grader?” At one elementary school,
The single
most
10. C
re
a
ta
s
teachers required students to reference the previous
student’s comment before offering their own; this
encouraged students to pay attention to one another.
Teachers followed instruction and discussion with
independent practice. At this stage, they began mov-
ing around. One teacher said, “If I see two or three
having trouble, I stop, go back, and teach it another
way.”
What we saw least was also instructive. There were
very few constructivist projects in their classrooms.
The ones we saw were short-lived, and they often
appeared to be used more as practice or a reward for
learning than as a route to it. Cooperative and col-
laborative learning activities were also limited except
in two classes. Most cooperative activities were brief
pair-shares. Some of our teachers were adamantly
opposed to it. High school teacher Mr. Mc told us,
“In school, I helped 500 students get a better grade,
495 of whom learned nothing from the experience.”
His counterpart, Mr. T, said, “It’s not realistic.” From
the back of the room, the team often observed that
even the best cooperative activities allowed for a
good deal of irrelevant socializing.
11. Though the teachers were from a variety of eth-
nic groups, we saw very little evidence of overtly
planned activities that directly addressed culture un-
less it was built into curriculum materials. Cloetta
Veney (2008) studied two of our elementary schools’
classrooms and concluded that they resembled those
in the effective classroom literature of the 1980s more
than today’s cultural proficiency models. When we
asked teachers to describe their classrooms to a
stranger, not one of the 31 used race, class, or eth-
nic terms.
Pat Pawlak (2009) found that the students of these
teachers said — 60% more frequently than any other
comment — that their teacher helped them because
he or she explained things over and over. We consis-
tently found that students expressed appreciation for
explicit instruction with patience.
Exhorting virtues. Every few minutes, these teach-
ers encouraged students to think about their future
and to practice particular virtues. The top virtues
were respecting self and others, working hard, being
responsible, never giving up, doing excellent work,
trying their best, being hopeful, thinking critically,
being honest, and considering consequences. Re-
spect was paramount, and even a small infraction
drew quick rebuke and consequences.
Teachers always linked doing well in school to go-
ing to college and getting good jobs so that they
could someday support their families and own houses
and cars. Mrs. C told her students how missing one
word on a spelling test lost her a job she desperately
wanted and needed. Ms. P told of problems she had
12. experienced in her life. One of her students told us,
“She has passed through some trouble in her life and
does not want that to happen to us. So, she is prepar-
ing us for troubles and telling us what is the best
choice.”
These teachers focused less on making the work
immediately relevant than on making the link to
their futures. Even 2nd graders knew this — “Ms. G
is weird, strict, mean, and crazy. This classroom is
smart and nerdy because she wants you to go to col-
lege.”
Strong and respectful relationships. The teachers had
a profound respect for students. There was a sense
that teachers were genuinely optimistic for their stu-
dents’ futures. Teachers often provided students with
a vision of their best selves. Middle school teacher
Ms. P told us, “All students need to know that you
respect them and care for them. Fortunately, that is
very easy. I try to make sure every so often that I have
said something personal to each of them.” She bent
down at a student’s desk and said, “Alejandro, I can
see you are very good at math. I look forward to see-
ing what you will do in your life.” Now, Alejandro
has heard from a respected adult outside his family
that his math skills may play into his future.
Respect for students is a more accurate descrip-
tion of what we saw than simply caring for the stu-
dents. The teachers did not need the students to love
them; they needed to see their students achieve. Ms.
B said, “I’m hard on my students, but at the same
time, they know it is out of love. I’ve had to fail some
students. . . . When I see them in the hall, they still
greet me. They tell me they wish they were back in
13. my class — they say they know why they failed my
class.”
THE HIGH-PERFORMING TEACHERS
Though they shared common strategies, the
teachers were quite diverse — 11 were black, nine
white, seven Latino, three Middle Eastern Ameri-
cans, and one Asian-American. Their ages ranged
42 Kappan February 2011 kappanmagazine.org
When we
asked
teachers to
describe
their
classrooms
to a
stranger,
not one of
the 31 used
race, class,
or ethnic
terms.
T
h
in
ks
14. to
c
k/
iS
to
c
kp
h
o
to
from 27 to 60, and years of experience from three to
33. Two-thirds of the teachers (23) were educated in
nontraditional teacher education programs — teach-
ing before they finished their credentials. Nearly half
(14) were career changers. Almost one-third (9) were
first-generation immigrants. While they were all
highly effective, few fit the definitions of highly
qualified in terms of National Board certifications
and degrees.
The teachers were strong, no-nonsense, make-it-
happen people who were optimistic for students’ fu-
tures, responsible, hard working, emotionally stable,
organized, and disciplined. They were also ener-
getic, fit, trim, and appeared in good health. They
were comfortable in their own skins and humorous.
Ms. M told her high school students, “If you develop
multiple personalities, you better assign one to do
15. your homework.”
What do they believe? Their most central beliefs in-
clude:
1. Every one of my students has much more
potential than they use;
2. They have not been pushed to use it;
3. It is my responsibility to turn this situation
around;
4. I am able; and
5. I want to do this for them.
Ms. M said simply, “They can do and be so much
more.”
Teachers didn’t use the students’ backgrounds as
an excuse for not learning, and yet they were not
naive about the challenges facing some students.
They had confidence that what they did in the class-
room would truly help students.
Teachers had a pragmatic attitude about testing.
“It’s required all your life,” Mr. T told us. Mrs. C
said of the district assessments, “I really like them, I
like them a lot. I’ve been embarrassed by them a few
times, but I am all for them.” Ms. K said, “When stu-
dents don’t do well, I take it personally. I know I
shouldn’t, but I think that that bothers me.” These
teachers neither taught to the tests nor ignored them;
tests were simply another resource.
16. Several additional incidents were instructive for
those of us who work in teacher development, su-
pervision, and evaluation. First, not one of our teach-
ers had any idea that they were more successful than
their colleagues teaching similar students. The stu-
dent achievement data that was available to them did
not allow for such comparisons.
Second, in a couple of cases, the principals were
resistant to a teacher who emerged from the data,
urging us to observe a different teacher. However,
none of the nominated teachers made the cut when
we rechecked the data. To be honest, when we first
entered their classrooms, we also were surprised be-
cause of our preconceptions about what effective in-
struction should and shouldn’t look like.
An incident is instructive here: One day, Ms. N
was visibly shaken after a visit from a district teacher
development specialist. She told our team member
that she must be a terrible teacher and didn’t think
that she should be in the study. The researcher told
her that she certainly wasn’t a bad teacher but, if she
liked, the researcher could come back another day.
This demonstrates the importance of knowing the
achievement data before we target teachers for in-
tervention. Many teachers in that school needed in-
structional interventions, but it is counter-produc-
tive to take a veteran teacher of 33 years who is highly
effective year after year and to shake her confidence
in order to make her use preferred strategies. Teach-
ers who have demonstrated results should be granted
considerable freedom in determining their class-
room instruction.
17. The teachers respected their principals. The
teachers were the authority in their classrooms, and
their principals were their authorities. However,
they did not seem to be particularly close to their
principals because the teachers were more focused
on the inside of their classrooms than on network-
ing with administrators. One teacher summed up
their relationships when she said, “We get along.”
CONCLUSION
Our concerns about the limitations of traditional,
explicit instruction may be unfounded. What we
found were happy and engaged students obviously
learning from committed, optimistic, disciplined
teachers. These teachers were realistic; they did not
set their goals too broadly (saving children) or too
narrowly (passing the test). Their students were be-
ing taught that mathematics, reading, speaking, lis-
tening, writing, and the formation of character are
necessary for life beyond their neighborhoods.
We need to be cautious about adopting compli-
cated, trendy, and expensive practices. We need to re-
evaluate our affection for cooperative/collaborative
learning, extensive technology, project-based learn-
ing, and constructivism, as well as our disaffection
with explicit direct instruction and strict discipline.
These teachers were direct, strict, deeply committed,
and respectful to students. Their students, in turn,
respected them. Mr. L’s math students said it best:
“It takes a certain integrity to teach. Mr. L possesses
that integrity.” “One thing for sure, his attitude is al-
ways up. He never brings us down, but we all know
he has faith in us to learn and succeed.” K
18. kappanmagazine.org V92 N5 Kappan 43
Teachers
often
provided
students
with a vision
of their best
selves.
REFERENCES
Pawlak, Pat.
“Common
Characteristics and
Classroom
Practices of
Effective Teachers
of High-Poverty
and Diverse
Students.” Doctoral
dissertation,
Claremont
Graduate
19. University, 2009.
Veney, Cloetta.
“The Multicultural
Practices of Highly
Effective Teachers
of African American
and Latino
Students in Urban
Schools.” Doctoral
dissertation,
Claremont
Graduate
University, 2008.