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For Cooperative Diversity (CD) system, please talk about its potential disadvantages. Solution Potential disadvantages of cooperative diversity system 1. Compromise on security :Since different users share data, there is a threat to the privacy and security of a user\'s data. 2. Limitation due to the non availability of cooperative nodes : To communicate data, neighbouring nodes called cooperative node provide assistance. But what if there are less number of nodes or maybe no nodes at all? This is a potential disadvantage. 3. Time delay while using Time Division Multiple Access(TDMA) scheme : Since TDMA requires that the same frequency channel is to be shared by many and so transmission takes place one after the other. So, if there are M relays then M+1 time slots are required to send signal..
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Multiplexing and Multiple Access
This document discusses multiplexing and multiple access techniques. Multiplexing combines signals from multiple sources onto a single channel without interference by separating the signals in time, frequency, or other domains. Multiple access techniques determine how multiple users share a channel, including techniques like FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, and others. Common multiplexing techniques include TDM, FDM, WDM, CDM, and others. Multiple access is implemented at the data link layer while multiplexing operates at the physical layer.
In internetworking, Multiplexing is a process in which multiple data.pdf
In internetworking, Multiplexing is a process in which multiple data channels are combined into
a single data or physical channel at the source. Multiplexing can be implemented at any of the
OSI layers. Conversely, demultiplexing is the process of separating multiplexed data channels at
the destination. In this way student data & class assignment data can be combined & separated.
Types of Multiplexing
There are two basic forms of multiplexing used:
Time Division Multiplexing
Time Division Multiplexing works by the multiplexor collecting and storing the incoming
transmissions from all of the slow lines connected to it and allocating a time slice on the fast link
to each in turn. The messages are sent down the high speed link one after the other. Each
transmission when received can be separated according to the time slice allocated.
Theoretically, the available speed of the fast link should at least be equal to the total of all of the
slow speeds coming into the multiplexor so that its maximum capacity is not exceeded.
Two ways of implementing TDM are:
Synchronous TDM
Synchronous TDM works by the muliplexor giving exactly the same amount of time to each
device connected to it. This time slice is allocated even if a device has nothing to transmit. This
is wasteful in that there will be many times when allocated time slots are not being used.
Therefore, the use of Synchronous TDM does not guarantee maximum line usage and efficiency.
Synchronous TDM is used in T1 and E1 connections.
Asynchronous TDM
Asynchronous TDM is a more flexible method of TDM. With Asynchronous TDM the length of
time allocated is not fixed for each device but time is given to devices that have data to transmit.
This version of TDM works by tagging each frame with an identification number to note which
device it belongs to. This may require more processing by the multiplexor and take longer,
however, the time saved by efficient and effective bandwidth utilization makes it worthwhile.
Asynchronous TDM allows more devices than there is physical bandwidth for.
This type of TDM is used in Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks.
Frequency Division Multiplexing
Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) works by transmitting all of the signals along the same
high speed link simultaneously with each signal set at a different frequency. For FDM to work
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There are two basic forms of multiplexing used:
Time Division Multiplexing
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transmissions from all of the slow lines connected to it and allocating a time slice on the fast link
to each in turn. The messages are sent down the high speed link one after the other. Each
transmission when received can be separated according to the time slice allocated.
Theoretically, the available speed of the fast link should at least be equal to the total of all of the
slow speeds coming into the multiplexor so that its maximum capacity is not exceeded.
Two ways of implementing TDM are:
Synchronous TDM
Synchronous TDM works by the muliplexor giving exactly the same amount of time to each
device connected to it. This time slice is allocated even if a device has nothing to transmit. This
is wasteful in that there will be many times when allocated time slots are not being used.
Therefore, the use of Synchronous TDM does not guarantee maximum line usage and efficiency.
Synchronous TDM is used in T1 and E1 connections.
Asynchronous TDM
Asynchronous TDM is a more flexible method of TDM. With Asynchronous TDM the length of
time allocated is not fixed for each device but time is given to devices that have data to transmit.
This version of TDM works by tagging each frame with an identification number to note which
device it belongs to. This may require more processing by the multiplexor and take longer,
however, the time saved by efficient and effective bandwidth utilization makes it worthwhile.
Asynchronous TDM allows more devices than there is physical bandwidth for.
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high speed link simultaneously with each signal set at a different frequency. For FDM to work
properly frequency overlap must be avoided. Therefore, the link must have sufficient bandwidth
to be able to carry the wide range of frequencies required. The demultiplexor at the receiving end
works by dividing the signals by tuning into the appropriate frequency.
FDM operates in a similar way to radio broadcasting where a number of different stations will
broadcast simultaneously but on different frequencies. Listeners can then \"tune\" their radio so
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FDM gives a total bandwidth greater than the combined bandwidth of the signals to be
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How does the oxygen status of lake sediments affect phosphorus availability? What is the role of
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Solution
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will precipitates phospherous. Due to this the concentration of phospherous in the lake water will
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2. TDM can be synchronous, with signals transmitted in a repeating pattern, or statistical, only transmitting when a device is active to improve efficiency. Synchronous TDM is used for T-1 lines and ISDN, while statistical is used for LANs.
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presentation2-170524055031-converted.pptx
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Spectral Efficient IDMA System Using Multi User Detection
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Combuter term3 new
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Outline:-
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Basics of TDM and FDM.
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Working of TDM and FDM.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Applications
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A network is a set of devices (often referred to as nodes) connected by communication links. A node can be a computer, printer, or any other device capable of sending and/or receiving data generated by other nodes on the network.
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3.True if A,B are independent events.
Given the following information about a continuous-time LTI system (.pdf
Given the following information about a continuous-time LTI system: (1) it is causal, (2) its
system function H(s) is rational and has three poles: -1, -2, and -3, respectively, (3) If x(t) = 5,
then y(t) = 0, (4) h(t = 0^+) = 8, and (5) H(s) has a zero at -1/8, determine the exact form of H(s).
Solution
Ploes are at s=-1,-2,-3
Zero is at s=-1/8
Let H(s)= k*s*(s+1/8)/[(s+1)(s+2)(s+3)]
When x(t)=5, then X(s)=5/s
Y(s)= H(s)*X(s)= k(s+1/8)/[(s+1)(s+2)(s+3)]
= (-k7/16)/(s+1) +(15k/8)/(s+2) -(23k/16)/(s+3)
y(t) = 0,
Now. From initial value theorem
h(0+)= s--> infinity. SH(S)
8 = k
Hence. H(s)= 8*s*(s+1/8)/[(s+1)(s+2)(s+3)].
Explain how the concept of race has developed in the Western world. .pdf
Explain how the concept of race has developed in the Western world. What are the limitations of
this approach? How have current genetic studies changed this view?
Solution
Physically visible traits, traditionally used in attempts to classify humans into clearly defined
groups(\"races\"), have emphasized such features such as skin color, hair color, hair form, head
shape and nose shape. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, American and European
scientists concentrated on describing and classifying biological variations in humans and other
organisms as well. Linnaeus classification, which was based on behavioural and intellectual
abiities divided human in 4 groups.
His ranking system reflects that Europeans are superior to anybody. A German scientist divided
huan popoulation on the basis of skin color: White, yellow. red, brown, and black. The main
concern of the Europeans was religion and how people of different colors fit into that scheme.
All these physical characteristics are not only influenced by several genetic loci but are also
modified by the environment. As a result these traditional markers of race aren\'t reliable
indicator of genetic relationships, they are not biologically useful in depicting patterns of human
diversity.
Since, the middle of 20th century, more precise techniques are allowed a far better understanding
of actual patterns of human variations..
Economics of Money, Banking and Financial Markets, Business School 3.pdf
Economics of Money, Banking and Financial Markets, Business School 3rd edition Chapter 13.
Nonbank Finance
Please
List and explain in detail 4 types of nonbank financing
Solution
Following is the list of Nonbank financing along with explanation:
Asset Finance: Such financing companies main business is to provide finances for purchase of
assets like machines ,automobiles , generator, etc.
Investment Company : The main business of these companies is to deal with securities.
Loan Companies : The main business of such companies is to provide loans not for assets but for
other purposes such as working capital requirement,etc.
Infrastructure debt fund : The main purpose is to infuse funds in infrastructure sector. The IDF
could be set as trust or company..
During her quarantine, Mary Mallon secretly had her feces tested by .pdf
During her quarantine, Mary Mallon secretly had her feces tested by an independent laboratory.
The lab did not detect any Salmonella. How would you explain this finding biologically
Solution
Mary Mallon was an intermittent carrier of typhoid. In intermittent or asymptomatic carriers, the
organism may lie dormant for long periods and reproduce during certain periods. So, the
specimens of the carriers need not necessarily give positive results for the test organism. As
Mary Mallon is an intermittent carrier, her species specimens could be positive sometimes and
negative sometimes..
describe generally how animals seem to balance personal and public i.pdf
describe generally how animals seem to balance personal and public information as they make
decisions.
Solution
Understanding the systems of social impact and aggregate knowledge is a key test in
contemporary science and is fundamental for accomplishing progress in an assortment of fields
running from the association of gregarious and social life forms to the elements of data trade in
human societies.In creature bunches, powerful circulated basic leadership happens over a scope
of taxa and natural settings making them an amazing model in which to concentrate the
developed capacities of assemblages.
People in gatherings must adjust individual data, aggregated from their own past encounters,
with possibly clashing social data, gathered from the conduct of conspecifics. Moreover,
accomplishing a solitary accord decision is frequently significant to keeping up gathering
attachment, and people that settle on a contradicting decision may get themselves detached,
expanding their danger of predation.Thus, extra social contemplations, for example, endeavoring
to limit the danger of disengagement—may predisposition singular choices far from what may be
anticipated from absolutely enlightening contemplations . Both people and nonhuman creatures
have been appeared to settle on such one-sided choices, which are not construct exclusively with
respect to their data about the nature of their choices.
Past examinations of how gathering living beings adjust individual and social data have
commonly included surveying lone people settling on choices between two totally unrelated
alternatives one showed by their own data and one by meaningful gestures (past decisions made
by others, which they watched). Since people are tried in separation, contemplations in light of
social union are disposed of or evened out (i.e., both decisions contain no conspecifics at the
season of testing.
The two-decision worldview has likewise been utilized to examine choices made by gatherings
of individuals,but here the inclinations to keep up gathering union and to boost data procurement
will both show a similar decision and these components are subsequently puzzled in the
subsequent information. For instance, replicating the decision made by the lion\'s share of past
people both maximally decreases the danger of separation and is the alternative most supported
by social data. It is as of now vague to what degree accord choices depend on boosting union or
limiting vulnerability, bringing up issues about the translation of the consequences of many
models of aggregate basic leadership,.
Complete the table for each of these major NTs. SolutionNeurot.pdf
Complete the table for each of these major NTs.
Solution
Neurotransmitter
Receptor (remember to separate subtypes)
Chief Actions when stimulated
Acetylcholine
Muscarinic and Nicotinic acetyl choline receptors
Muscarinic receptor subtypes
muscarinic acetyl choline receptor M1
muscarinic acetyl choline receptor M2
muscarinic acetyl choline receptor M3
muscarinic acetyl choline receptor M4
muscarinic acetyl choline receptor M5
Nicotinic receptors
muscle type nicotinic receptors
neuronal-type nicotinic receptors (tweleve different subtypes include 210 and 24)
Muscarinic acetyl choline receptors (M1-M5) are involved in the large number of physiological
functions including heart rate and force, contraction of smooth muscles, sensory control as well
as more sensory control including arousal, memory and learning and release of
neurotransmitters. All five are found in CNS, while M1-M4 are found in various tissues.
Nicotinic aceyl choline receptors plays very important role in neurotransmissions like synaptic
transmission and paracrine transmission.nACHR mediates excitatory neurotransmission at
neuronal junction in the brain and spinal cord. They also commonly involved in the modulation
of neurotransmitter release or second messenger systems and calcium signaling.
Catecholamine
1A-adrenoceptor
1B-adrenoceptor
1D-adrenoceptor
2A-adrenoceptor
2B-adrenoceptor
2C-adrenoceptor
1-adrenoceptor
2-adrenoceptor
3-adrenoceptor
Adrenergic receptors have several functions in common when they stimulated. It causes the
vasoconstriction in many blood vessels including skin, GI tract, kidney and brain.
The alpha2A receptor stimulates the release of glucagon and inhibits the insulin from pancreas
The alpha B1 receptor increases the cardiac output by increasing heart rate; renin secretion in
kidney and ghrelin secretion in stomach
The alpha B2 receptor participates in smooth muscle relaxation, lipolysis in adiposse tissue and
anabolism in skeletal muscle etc.,
Glutamate
Two types Metabotropic and Ionotropic receptors
Metabotropic receptors
mGlu1 receptor
mGlu2 receptor
mGlu3 receptor
mGlu4 receptor
mGlu5 receptor
mGlu6 receptor
mGlu7 receptor
mGlu8 receptor
Ionotropic receptors
AMPA receptors (subtypes: GluA1, GluA2, GluA3 and GluA4)
Kainate receptors (subtypes: GluK1, GluK2, GluK3, GluK4 and Gluk5)
NMDA receptors (subtypes: GluN1, GluN2A, GluN2B, GluN2C, GluN2D, GluN3A, GluN3B)
Delta receptors (subtypes: GluD1 and GluD2)
mGluRs have a variety of functions in the central and peripheral nervous system. They are
involved in learning, memory, anxiety and perception of pain.
mGluRs also involved in neurotransmission, modulatin of post-synaptic signals and regulates the
NMDA receptor activity
Ionotropic glutamate receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that are activated by the
neurotransmitter glutamate. They mediate the majority of excitatory synaptic transmission
throughout the central nervous system and are key players in synaptic plasticity, which is
important for learni.
Arrange the following enzymes in the order of their action during DNA.pdf
Arrange the following enzymes in the order of their action during DNA replication in E. coli:
DNA polymerase 1, DNA polymerase 3, DNA primate, DNA gyrate and DNA helicase.
Solution
In E.coli, the replication starts at a single origin site (Monocistronic), it is semi-conservative and
consists of two replication forks i.e. leading strand (Continuous DNA replication) and lagging
strand (Okazaki fragments). The replication proceeds sequentially as below:
Therefore, the order of events during DNA replication in E.coli are:
DNA helicase, DNA primate, DNA polymerase 3, DNA polymerase 1, and DNA gyrate.
[10] Write a Java application which first reads data from the phoneb.pdf
[10] Write a Java application which first reads data from the phonebook file here:
660749054 Iwjint, Taib
638727163 Jroch, Ov
989981308 Vihoost, Yssoub
339223911 Vokoiv, Jishar
718489075 Owut, Praint
150942045 Bryk, Bloneip
862082436 Oich, Xoipjtt
703482042 Brjsh, Nuw
921326275 Bloop, Yss
472635412 Chivoon, Toupfaipf
into an ArrayList of phonebook entries. You may download the file and have your application
load it locally or have your application download the file directly. We’ll need to differentiate
between the name and phone number when sorting and retrieving data, so each entry should
consist of separate fields for the name and phone number (e.g., a class with two private String
variables would be considered good style here).
Solution
The PhoneDirectory class:
/* An object of type PhoneDirectory holds a list of names and associated
phone numbers. In this simple implementation, both the names and the
numbers are stored as strings. The names and numbers must be non-null
strings, but no attempt is made to ensure that the values make sense.
Comparison of names is in all cases case-insensitive. A given name
cannot occur more than once in the directory. The instance methods
throw IllegalArgumentExceptions when the rules are violated.
The instance methods load() and save() are provided for loading
the data for the directory from a stream and for saving the data
to a stream.*/
import java.io.*;
public class PhoneDirectory {
/* The data for the directory is stored in a pair of arrays. The phone
number associated with the name names[i] is numbers[i]. These
arrays will grow, as necessary, to accommodate as many entries as
are added to the directory. The variable count keeps track of
the number of entires in the directory. */
private String[] names = new String[1];
private String[] numbers = new String[1];
private int count = 0;
public boolean changed; // This variable is set to true whenever a change
// is made to the data in this directory. The value
// is false when the object is created. The only time
// that it is reset to false is if the load() method
// is used to load a phone directory from a stream.
// (Programs that use the directory can also set the
// value of changed if they want, since it\'s public.)
public void load(TextReader in) throws IOException {
// Clears any entries currently in the directory, and loads
// a new set of directory entries from the TextReader. The
// data must consist of the following: a line containing the
// number of entries in the directory; two lines for each
// entry, with the name on the first line and the associated
// number on the second line. Note that this method might
// throw an IllegalArgumentException if the data in the file
// is not valid -- for example if the same name occurs twice.
// Note that if an error does occur, then the original
// data in the directory remains.
int newCount = in.getlnInt();
String[] newNames = new String[newCount + 5];
String[] newNumbers = new String[newCount + 5];
for.
Which of the following enzymes does not catalyze the formation of a .pdf
Which of the following enzymes does not catalyze the formation of a phosphodiester bond?
A) Klenow fragment
B) RNase P
C) RNA Polymerase
D) Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase
E) DNA Ligase
Solution
the correct choice should be RNase P because it is the only enzyme that is involved in cleaving
or breaking of the bond present in RNA. therefore it does not form a bond but breaks one..
Which group is shown as an ion hat are bonded to one of the carbon .pdf
Which group is shown as an ion? hat are bonded to one of the carbon atomsin a specific wayl
role that organic compounds play in organisms. is important to analyze how these functional
groups behave. TALE Six Functional Groups commonly Attached to Carbon Atoms Propertes
Functional Group Acts as a base-tends to attract a proton to Carboxylic acids Acts as an acid-
tends to lose a proton in solution Aldehydes, especially, react with certain oompounds produce
larger molecules Highly polar, so makes compounds more soluble through hydrogen bonding
with water; may also act as a weak acid and drop a proton Molecules with mora than one linked
together store large amounts of chemical energy When present in proteins, can form disulfde
Sulfhydry (S-S) bonds that contribute to protein structure HiN n these smuctura formulas, \"R
stands for the rest of the molecule. EXERCISE Based on the olectronegativities of the atoms
involved, predict whether each functional group is polar or nonpolar CHAPTER 2 Water and
Carbon: The Chemical Basis of Life
Solution
Ans. a. Phosphate is an ion. An ion is a chemical species bearing a positive or negative charge.
Note two negative charges on phosphate group.
Ans. b. The weak attractive interaction between a highly electronegative atom (F, O, N) and a H-
atom covalently linked to any such highly electronegative atoms is called hydrogen bond. A
larger difference in the electronegativity of the two atoms in a bond (say, O and H-atoms in a O-
H bond) causes partial charge separation because the electronegative atom pulls the bond
electrons slightly towards itself. Thus, the electronegative atom gets a partial negative charge and
the less electronegative atom gets a partial positive charge. It makes the bond polar (two poles of
charge- a partial negative pole of O-atom, and partial positive charge on H-atom). When a polar
molecule comes in vicinity of another polar group or molecule, the partial positive charge on one
group (molecule) is attracted by partial negative charge on another group (molecule) and vice
versa. This weak attraction is what we call hydrogen bond.
A water (H2O) molecule has both- I. a highly electronegative atom (O- atom), and II. a H-atom
covalently linked to highly electronegative atom.
So, it can form H-bond with a molecule that has-
a highly electronegative atom >> form hydrogen bond with H-atom of water
a H-atom covalently linked to highly electronegative atom >> form hydrogen bond with O-atom
of water
or both A and B
In the given set of groups, all groups (except- thiol, R-SH) have highly electronegative O-atom.
Thus, they all form H-bonds with water.
The S-atoms in thiol group (R-SH) is weakly electronegative. So, the group has low polarity. The
thiol group is also polar (polarity is weaker than that of alcohol) and can form H-bonds with
water, too. However, the resultant H-bonds are much weaker than those formed due to alcohol
(R-OH) groups..
Where is the specific location in an animal where cells are undergoin.pdf
Where is the specific location in an animal where cells are undergoing Meiosis? In a Plant?
Solution
Meiosis is a process by which cell divides. In meiosis cell divides to form four daughter cells,
each with half parental chromosomes i.e half from mother and half from father. So it is evident
that meiosis will takes place in reproductive organs whether it is plants or animals.
In animals meiosis occurs in testes(males) and ovaries(females).
In plants it occurs in anther to form pollen grains and within ovary to form ovules..
Which of the following is the oldest synapomorphy found in all anima.pdf
Which of the following is the oldest synapomorphy found in all animals?
A. Amniotic egg
B. Notochord
C. Bilateral symmetry
D. Eukaryotic cells
Which of these is the youngest synapomorphy found in vertebrates?
Solution
The oldest synapomorphy found in all animals- is eukaryotic cells which is found in ameoba and
were found in the earlier animals.
The youngest synapomorphy found in vertebrates-Notochord as The spinal cord is accompanied
by a notochord .This is usually made up of cartilage,which is usually a given semi-rigid
connective tissue.
uicfise 8f Tea Par . A coherent and strong national leadership is an .pdf
uicfise 8f Tea Par . A coherent and strong national leadership is an important A large population
is an important . The rise and fall of the Soviet military power shows that . A state is a political
entity with is one in which the national government is granted the preponderance of power under
the state\'s constitution- for example Japan ·According to the idea of“ \", states should possess
more than right to rule such as the wherewithal to provide political goods for its citizens Quasi-
states, which are political units that possess some, but not all. of the basic characteristics of a
state. Which of the following is one of them? ]
Solution
1.
To say we are in interesting times would be an understatement, the recent general election has
plunged us further into uncertainty. Putting aside the rights and wrongs of holding the election
and the unfolding political alliances it’s important to remember that on the ground people and
businesses are struggling to keep up with the changes and the potential impact. Most of us get on
with our lives despite the national turmoil. But the effect of that turmoil is to dampen investment
and decision making; which slows growth. Latest research by the Institute of Directors highlights
that 92% of respondents see current uncertainty over the make-up of the government as a
concern. There has been a negative swing of 34 points in confidence in the UK economy from
their last survey in May. This has serious implications for business growth, as how we interpret
and perceive our future, our risk aversion and our need to have good information to make
decisions can stifle our ability to act.
The national situation we are seeing unfold, in terms of lack of clear majority for either side, and
regardless of eventual party outcome, will be a government relying on a brokered deal to get
things through parliament which will exacerbate this uncertainty and the impact of Brexit fears.
So where can we look to for leadership?
A recent blog by the World Economic Forum has highlighted that in many places the nation state
is looking outdated, and even dangerous. Where power is too centralised and focussed on
national interests, policy is disengaged from the local, from the day to day lives of people and
businesses. The populist movement we are seeing globally is a reaction to this; dissatisfaction
with the way countries are governed creates turbulence in the current way of thinking and doing,
and challenges political structures. Shifting of decision making to a more local level eases
tensions as people see change locally and impact can be seen quicker. Cities are therefore
emerging as key leadership nodes, galvanising action and responding to local need. Focussing on
regional economic growth and giving powers and funding to local delivery structures to improve
growth can help alleviate the social and political tensions that have led us down this unfortunate
path to instability.
Half of humanity lives in cities and urbanization is set.
To discourage cheating, a professor makes throe different versions of.pdf
To discourage cheating, a professor makes throe different versions of an exam. For the
105,student in class, she makes 35 copies of each version. The 105 exams are randomly
scrambled, and one copy is given lo each student. After the exam, the professor is concerned that
one version might have been easier than the others. She uses a one-way ANOVA to test whether
the average score was different for the three versions. The ANOVA table and a below of the
results are below.
Solution
Against the alternative hypothesis.
The number of messages arriving at a multiplexer is a Poisson random .pdf
The number of messages arriving at a multiplexer is a Poisson random variable with mean 15
messages/second. Estimate the probability that more than 950 messages arrive in one
minute.(Bonus problem)
Solution
Possion Distribution
PMF of P.D is = f ( k ) = e- x / x!
Where
= parameter of the distribution.
x = is the number of independent trials
number of messages arriving at a mulfiplexer is a Poisson random variable with
mean 15 messages/second
mean rate for arriving at one minute = 60*15 = 900
P( X > = 950 ) = 1 - P (X < 950) = 0.0504
USE the excel formula = (1-POISSON(950,900,TRUE).
The most liquid of the money market securities are a. T-Bills. b. co.pdf
The most liquid of the money market securities are a. T-Bills. b. commercial paper. c. banker\'s
acceptances. d. repurchase agreements. e. Fed funds.
Solution
Dear student.... Thank you for using chegg....Among the most common money market
instruments are eurodollar deposits, negotiable certificates of deposit (CDs), bankers
acceptances, U.S. Treasury bills, commercial paper, municipal notes, federal funds and
repurchase agreements (repos).
correct answer is a. T-Bills and they have maturities that range from a few days to one year..
The data below represents 40 samples taking from an assembly line th.pdf
The data below represents 40 samples taking from an assembly line that makes widgets. The
customers only want to buy widgets that are 34.5 +- 3 mm.
Find the % defective of this process assuming the data follows a normal distribution with mean =
sample process mean obtained and a deviation=sample process deviation obtained.
Find the % defective of this process from just the given data.
Create a histogram of the data with peaks ranging anywhere from 7 to 9.
Recommendations
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
X6
X7
X8
X9
1
31.08374
35.669
35.35345
33.65292
33.98178
37.45832
34.48269
33.13399
36.08996
2
37.46899
35.46282
35.5877
36.12313
35.83815
32.13961
35.43835
35.70467
38.61359
3
37.735
32.10694
35.69216
34.90569
36.22805
39.20259
31.84397
36.84248
32.59359
4
30.77148
31.6781
33.22578
36.3241
33.30976
34.6476
36.9087
33.95705
33.80614
5
31.89682
36.18526
32.68002
36.1802
33.79708
34.78489
34.77676
28.90064
35.43781
6
34.25797
31.53706
34.04755
42.0427
37.54375
37.1164
33.68405
31.801
38.48031
7
37.38052
35.13436
39.24667
31.31113
37.35091
36.85677
34.65931
32.69277
39.78858
8
32.29378
34.72648
36.08645
36.24089
37.09823
33.45795
40.51511
33.81712
37.74781
9
31.49342
35.42491
33.16015
37.0638
37.41851
36.23166
32.51458
33.5102
32.78135
10
35.5101
36.24955
38.17491
34.97785
34.33229
36.23716
36.52248
35.1275
35.1704
11
36.65479
33.41702
36.74489
36.61113
36.81114
37.81676
33.34885
34.73764
31.87616
12
34.32994
34.33135
34.71596
34.46183
33.29645
37.99545
38.59794
38.78129
37.95235
13
36.13211
36.33347
32.62042
36.62468
34.91681
35.45727
38.19
36.79389
38.41283
14
32.47748
37.25973
30.41921
36.96377
35.38698
33.2141
35.79215
36.64019
33.53546
15
34.69996
35.65591
36.21214
32.54465
37.30788
35.64643
33.18272
37.45496
35.32785
16
34.7416
39.92473
38.11449
34.47828
33.55501
34.53285
36.61721
34.3917
34.4936
17
31.50735
35.20445
34.39695
35.43994
39.72643
35.14363
35.92657
34.64733
35.93812
18
34.77953
36.34049
34.77866
33.41985
36.73409
33.09403
39.62718
38.87666
33.53327
19
36.84612
34.69014
31.94396
32.53233
35.73805
36.77721
38.02231
31.00132
36.10918
20
37.63385
35.90485
34.25471
33.35522
33.242
31.36945
39.94987
31.50505
34.58975
21
38.32287
34.61822
37.26632
34.88996
34.48949
37.16607
33.87886
32.9619
36.70755
22
34.95497
33.26049
29.42006
33.78986
33.11338
36.38413
32.949
33.01174
31.64851
23
35.40947
36.25087
35.83111
32.86727
37.16872
39.29028
32.9853
33.5158
36.34615
24
32.98887
32.72028
37.49483
35.15706
35.47034
38.5291
34.18646
35.71513
35.99286
25
40.52536
36.06664
34.95775
32.92244
31.9727
32.74319
32.41698
33.75882
36.59139
26
34.59609
31.06465
33.75193
35.77343
32.53384
33.00013
34.47564
36.75664
34.86597
27
33.65781
34.50351
33.58826
41.83144
35.31054
36.69208
32.77244
33.20627
35.02187
28
32.53277
34.65942
35.52159
36.22886
35.05178
32.86841
35.6136
34.79315
30.88827
29
37.02577
33.03088
32.14972
39.13032
33.94403
33.95171
34.33647
34.59274
37.62521
30
35.54364
31.26975
33.226
31.97911
35.94731
30.94243
32.78534
36.93004
36.16711
31
32.43846
37.24083.
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9
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