The document discusses the opportunities and challenges of open data, linked data, and big data. It notes that while industries like banking, healthcare, marketing, and smart cities currently generate huge amounts of data, making this data open and linked online could provide many benefits. Examples are given of existing open data projects in these fields. The presentation argues that emerging technologies may help address challenges of storing and analyzing big linked data. Overall, the document advocates connecting previously isolated data "silos" to create shared open data resources.

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What
if
dr.
Erik
Mannens
@erikmannens
Open Data, Linked Data, and Big Data
We need
together

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Open
Data

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Way of … Thinking

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Silos of Data

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“Stop Hugging your Data”

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e.g. … Open Learning

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Open
Data
Linked

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Way of … Publishing

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Semantic Web

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Connect your Silos

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5-stars (Technical Perspective)
Open Linked Data (Tim Berners-Lee)
Make your Stuff available on the Web
Make it available as Structured Data
In a non-proprietary Format
Use URLs to identify Things, so one can point at your Stuff
Link your Data to other People’s Data to provide Context

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5-stars (Organisational Perspective)
Open Data Engagement (Tim Davies)
Be Demand-driven
Provide Context
Support Conversation
Build Skills & Capacity
Collaborate with the Community

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5-stars (Functional Perspective)
Open Data Portal Functionalities (iMinds)
Dataset Registry
Metadata Provider
Co-creation Platform
Data Publishing Platform
Common Data Hub

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Data as Commodity

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Sidenote
R&Wbase

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15’ Open Data Publishing Framework
e.g.
data.gent.be
opendata.antwerpen.be

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Publishes 2 to 5 Star Data
tdt/core
tdt/input
triple store

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REST-full API for Developers
triple store
core
RESTful data adapter
CSV
XLS
JSON
XML
SPARQL
endpoint
...
e.g. datatank.gent.be/Grondgebied/Straten
or data.irail.be/NMBS/Stations

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R&Wbase
git for triples

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Read/Write
LINKED
DATA

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TRIPLE STORES
are they up for the challenge?

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Distributed Triple Version Control
Commits
DeltasVirtual graphs
Versions
store
describe
identify
resolve

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LIVE triples
require fast version retrieval
LIGHTWEIGHT
algorithm
through a

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Store triples
QUADS
<subject> <predicate> <object> <context>
using

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R&Wbase
GRAPH access
TRIPLE
STORES
PROVENANCE
VERSION
with direct
provides
control
for
and

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Data
BIG

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Way of … Analyzing

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How Difficult Can It Be?

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Collaborative Effort found Higgs Boson

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Banking Industry
Healthcare
Industry
Marketing
Industry
Smart Cities
Deep understanding of some key Big Data markets

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• US Securities and Exchanges Commission has estimated that it
would need to collect 20 terabytes of data per month to monitor all US
capital market activity
• Unstructured data comprises some 80% of the total data held by
the average financial institution
• The total number of non-cash payments in the EU amounted to
90.6 billion in 2011.
• The total number of automatic teller machines (ATMs) in the EU in
2011 was 0.44 million
• The number of points of sale (POS) terminals in the EU was 8.8
million in 2011
Big (Data) Bang in Banking

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What
ifit were
OPEN & LINKED

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e.g. … OpenSpending

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e.g. … OpenSpending

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e.g. … OpenBank

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e.g. … OpenCorporates

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e.g. … OpenCorporates - Belgium

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• Medical images are increasing by 20-40% annually
• Electronic medical records: in 2009, 99% of primary care physicians
in the Netherlands used EMRs, compared to 46% in the United States
and 36% in Canada
• Medical research, in which 100,000 participants are genotyped
(ca. 1.5 GB/person), could result in a staggering 150 terabytes of
data.
• As of July 2012 PatientsLikeMe members have shared 4,029,661
symptom reports about 7,338 symptoms and 548,650 treatment
histories about 12,838 treatments
Big (Data) Bang in Healthcare

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What
ifit were
OPEN & LINKED

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e.g. … PatientsLikeMe

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e.g. … 23AndMe

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e.g. … PlayStation III

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e.g. … OpenPhacts

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e.g. … DisQover (iMinds –Ontoforce)

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• Data use is expected to grow by as much as 44 times, amounting to
some 35.2ZB (zettabytes -- a billion terabytes) globally
• Walmart handles more than 1 million customer transactions
every hour, which is imported into databases estimated to
contain more than 2.5 petabytes of data.
• Twitter has 200 million tweets per day or approximately 46MB/sec of
data created (August 2011)
• 25% of search results for the World’s Top 20 largest brands are links
to user-generated content
• YouTube has 3 billion visitors per day, 48 hours of video is uploaded
per minute (May 2011)
• There are over 200,000,000 blogs: 34% of their posts are
opinions about products & brands
Big (Data) Bang in Marketing

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What
ifit were
OPEN & LINKED

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e.g. … Consumers in 1990

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e.g. … Consumers in 2000

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e.g. … Consumers since 2010

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The Tyranny of the Empowered ConsYOUmers

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e.g. … GoodRelations

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e.g. … Nike

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• Data use is expected to grow by as much as 44 times,
amounting to some 35.2ZB (zettabytes -- a billion terabytes) globally
• Sensors, social media feeds, photos, video and cellphone GPS
signals account for 2.5 quintillion bytes of data per day
• More than 50% global population lives in cities and this number is
forecast to rise to 69% by 2050
• The number of city residents is expected to grow from 3.5 billion
to 5 billion in the next 20 years
• ‘Internet of Things’ Age is approaching: 25 billion devices
connected to the Internet by 2015 and 50 billion by 2020
• Access to public data is estimated to be worth €27 billion in the EU
• ICT-enabled energy efficiency could translate into over €600 billion
worth of cost savings for the public and private sector
Big (Data) Bang in Smart Cities

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What
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OPEN & LINKED

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e.g. … OpenTransport

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e.g. … OpenTransport

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e.g. … OpenEnergyMonitor

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e.g. … Big Data … in Iceland?

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e.g. … a Trillion Sensors … in Iceland!

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QUESTIONS?
dr. Erik Mannens
erik.mannens@ugent.be
@erikmannens
Thoughts?

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Credits
• EMC - Greenplum
• Peter Hinssen
• Scott Brinker
• Jim Lecinski
• David Armano
• Did not have time to check all licenses of the Flickr
photos – in my defense, I did not kill anyone nor did I in
any way insult and/or infringe the CIA, NSA, NDA, or
any other JAA (Just Another Acronym)