The document discusses the financial performance of commercial banks in India. It provides background on commercial banks and their role in India's financial system. It then reviews previous literature on assessing bank performance and financial ratios. The document also includes a table showing the consolidated balance sheet of public sector banks in India for 2019-20, with capital, reserves, deposits, loans and other line items. Overall, the document examines the financial performance of commercial banks through analyzing their income, expenditures and consolidated balance sheets.
Banks play a very favorable and dynamic role in the economic life of every contemporary state. In the past few
years, there has been rapid growth in the banking sector of the Indian financial system. Cooperative banks
(Rural and Urban) in India has become an important step towards the attainment of financial inclusion. These
banks have become an integral part of the Indian Financial system. Since the commencement of Cooperative
banks, these banks have achieved milestones and helped Indian Citizens to inculcate the habit of savings,
helping them to improve the capital formation in the economy and mobilizing savings in a productive
manner. Cooperative banks also offer services to citizens at ease and at very affordable rates. The lending and
borrowing functions of the cooperative banks have resulted in credit creation in the economy.
A Study on Factors Influencing the Financial Performance Analysis Selected Pr...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
The growth of a country's banking sector has a significant impact on its economic development. The banking sector plays a critical role in determining a country's economic future. A well-planned, structured, efficient, and viable banking system is an essential component of an economy's economic and social infrastructure. In modern society, a strong banking system is required because it meets the financial needs of the modern society. In a country's economy, the banking system plays a crucial role. Because it connects surplus and deficit economic agents, the bank is the most important financial intermediary in the economy. The banking system is regarded as the economy's lifeline. It meets the financial needs of commerce, industry, and agriculture. As a result, the country's development and the banking system are intertwined. They are critical in the mobilisation of savings and the distribution of credit to various sectors of the economy. India's private sector banks play a critical role in the country's economic development. So The financial performance of private sector banks must be evaluated carefully.
Financial appraisal of commercial banks in india a post reforms asessmentAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a research study analyzing the financial performance of commercial banks in India following economic reforms. It begins by providing background on the importance of banks in India's financial system and the transformation of banking since nationalization. The study aims to evaluate operational performance, profitability, and factors influencing efficiency for different bank groups from 1990-2010. Methodology includes analyzing secondary data from central bank and industry sources using statistical tools like correlation, regression, and factor analysis. An extensive literature review covers prior research on Indian bank profitability, productivity, and efficiency.
This document discusses banking sector reforms in India. It provides background on banking sector reforms initiated after 1991, including recommendations from the Narasimham Committee reports. The objectives of the study are outlined as having an overview of post-1991 reforms, evaluating the overall banking system scenario in India, and studying banking sector growth and performance. The structure of the Indian banking system is described, including the roles of public and private sector banks, regional rural banks, cooperative banks, and the Reserve Bank of India as the central bank and monetary authority.
DETERMINANTS OF BANK PROFITABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM COMMERCIAL BANKS OF BANGLADESHMd. Shohel Rana
This paper attempts to investigate the impact of different bank specific
and macroeconomic variables on bank profitability by considering 23
commercial banks of Bangladesh based on data availability during the
period 2013-17. These data are collected from the individual banks
annual reports, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) and a variety of
publications of the Bangladesh Bank. The fixed effect model for panel
data has been applied to operate the regression analysis among the
variables. In the study, three identical measures of profitability namely
Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE) and Net Interest
Margin (NIM) are used. In the model for ROA, the result indicated
that earning variable (TIN, NII), and asset structure (DPST) have a
significant positive relationship with ROA, and asset quality (NPL) has
significant negative impact on ROA. For ROE, earning (TIN and NII)
and capital strength (CAP) have a significant positive relationship of
the entire explanatory variable with ROE. Only asset quality (NPL)
has significant negative impact on ROE. For NIM, earning variables
(TIN), capital strength (CAP) and liquidity (LTA) have a significant
positive relationship with NIM. This study find no significant impact
of the macroeconomic factors namely growth rate of GDP and rate
inflation and rate of interest included in the models on profitability.
For decision making and developing the performance of financial
organization in the future the findings of this study can assist the
investors, policymakers, management body and other stakeholders
Banks play a very favorable and dynamic role in the economic life of every contemporary state. In the past few
years, there has been rapid growth in the banking sector of the Indian financial system. Cooperative banks
(Rural and Urban) in India has become an important step towards the attainment of financial inclusion. These
banks have become an integral part of the Indian Financial system. Since the commencement of Cooperative
banks, these banks have achieved milestones and helped Indian Citizens to inculcate the habit of savings,
helping them to improve the capital formation in the economy and mobilizing savings in a productive
manner. Cooperative banks also offer services to citizens at ease and at very affordable rates. The lending and
borrowing functions of the cooperative banks have resulted in credit creation in the economy.
A Study on Factors Influencing the Financial Performance Analysis Selected Pr...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
The growth of a country's banking sector has a significant impact on its economic development. The banking sector plays a critical role in determining a country's economic future. A well-planned, structured, efficient, and viable banking system is an essential component of an economy's economic and social infrastructure. In modern society, a strong banking system is required because it meets the financial needs of the modern society. In a country's economy, the banking system plays a crucial role. Because it connects surplus and deficit economic agents, the bank is the most important financial intermediary in the economy. The banking system is regarded as the economy's lifeline. It meets the financial needs of commerce, industry, and agriculture. As a result, the country's development and the banking system are intertwined. They are critical in the mobilisation of savings and the distribution of credit to various sectors of the economy. India's private sector banks play a critical role in the country's economic development. So The financial performance of private sector banks must be evaluated carefully.
Financial appraisal of commercial banks in india a post reforms asessmentAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a research study analyzing the financial performance of commercial banks in India following economic reforms. It begins by providing background on the importance of banks in India's financial system and the transformation of banking since nationalization. The study aims to evaluate operational performance, profitability, and factors influencing efficiency for different bank groups from 1990-2010. Methodology includes analyzing secondary data from central bank and industry sources using statistical tools like correlation, regression, and factor analysis. An extensive literature review covers prior research on Indian bank profitability, productivity, and efficiency.
This document discusses banking sector reforms in India. It provides background on banking sector reforms initiated after 1991, including recommendations from the Narasimham Committee reports. The objectives of the study are outlined as having an overview of post-1991 reforms, evaluating the overall banking system scenario in India, and studying banking sector growth and performance. The structure of the Indian banking system is described, including the roles of public and private sector banks, regional rural banks, cooperative banks, and the Reserve Bank of India as the central bank and monetary authority.
DETERMINANTS OF BANK PROFITABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM COMMERCIAL BANKS OF BANGLADESHMd. Shohel Rana
This paper attempts to investigate the impact of different bank specific
and macroeconomic variables on bank profitability by considering 23
commercial banks of Bangladesh based on data availability during the
period 2013-17. These data are collected from the individual banks
annual reports, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) and a variety of
publications of the Bangladesh Bank. The fixed effect model for panel
data has been applied to operate the regression analysis among the
variables. In the study, three identical measures of profitability namely
Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE) and Net Interest
Margin (NIM) are used. In the model for ROA, the result indicated
that earning variable (TIN, NII), and asset structure (DPST) have a
significant positive relationship with ROA, and asset quality (NPL) has
significant negative impact on ROA. For ROE, earning (TIN and NII)
and capital strength (CAP) have a significant positive relationship of
the entire explanatory variable with ROE. Only asset quality (NPL)
has significant negative impact on ROE. For NIM, earning variables
(TIN), capital strength (CAP) and liquidity (LTA) have a significant
positive relationship with NIM. This study find no significant impact
of the macroeconomic factors namely growth rate of GDP and rate
inflation and rate of interest included in the models on profitability.
For decision making and developing the performance of financial
organization in the future the findings of this study can assist the
investors, policymakers, management body and other stakeholders
This document provides an overview of public sector undertakings (PSUs) in India. It discusses that PSUs are government-owned companies that play an important role in India's economy. The document then covers several key topics regarding PSUs, including the financial management challenges they face, the role of financial advisors, examples of major PSUs, and reforms around disinvestment and increasing transparency. It analyzes issues like managing risks and growth in the changing banking environment in India. Overall, the document presents an introduction to PSUs and examines their operations, importance, and ongoing development.
This document analyzes the financial performance of State Bank of India (SBI) using the Camel approach over the period of 2003-04 to 2009-10. The Camel approach assesses banks based on their Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Quality, Earnings, and Liquidity. The objective is to identify SBI's strengths and weaknesses to help investors make informed decisions. Previous studies on mergers and acquisitions in the Indian banking sector show mixed results on financial performance improvements. The analysis finds that SBI's performance varies across the different Camel ratios, with some ratios indicating strengths and others requiring improvement.
Evaluation of some private commercial banks in bangladesh from performance pe...ijmvsc
Banks operate on a huge scale at the heart of the modern economy and the banking system has become an
integral part in the progress of economic development in Bangladesh. Besides, the banking sector has
made their innovation and efficiency crucial to the economy as it competes in an e-commerce world. The
role of banking system in this situation cannot be denied at all. This report intends to evaluate the
performance of selected private commercial banks in Bangladesh. In the study, best efforts have been put
on evaluating the performance. The growing pattern of branches, employees, deposits, loans and
advances, classified loan, net income and earnings per share of selected private commercial banks has
been considered to make an analysis on the performance evaluation of the selected private commercial
banks. To evaluate the performance, data have been collected from the secondary sources. Then the
collected data have been analyzed. From the analysis, it has been found that all of the selected banks are
in a position to make a sustainable growth in respect of branches, employees, deposits, loans and
advances, classified loan, net income and earnings per share during the period of 2007-2011 with some
fluctuation. Besides the growth pattern, other forms of calculations have been used for every selected
variable and they are trend equation and square of correlation coefficient. Under trend equation analysis,
the variables named branches, employees, deposits and net incomes hold more positive value than the
other variables considered. As the value of the slope always shows the positive number, it is a clear
indication that Bangladesh has a very good prospect in case of private commercial banks
AN OVERVIEW OF BRANCHES AND ATMS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN INDIA PARAMASIVANCHELLIAH
This document provides an overview of the branches and ATMs of commercial banks in India. It discusses the growth in branches and ATMs of public sector banks from 2010-11 to 2019-20, with the number of branches increasing from 62,211 to 87,892 and the number of ATMs increasing from 39,487 to 134,863 over this period. It also provides breakdowns of the branches and ATMs of various public sector banks by location (rural, semi-urban, urban, metropolitan) as of 2019-20. Finally, it summarizes the total ATMs owned by different types of commercial banks (public sector banks, private sector banks, foreign banks, payment banks, small finance banks) by location
Financial performance of selected banks in patiala punjab national bank unio...IAEME Publication
This document analyzes the financial performance of selected public and private sector banks in Patiala, Punjab between 2009-2012. It specifically examines Punjab National Bank and Union Bank of India as public sector banks, looking at trends in deposits and advances. Deposits at PNB's Model Town branch grew steadily over the period, led by savings accounts. Short-term loans comprised about half of PNB's total advances. The study aims to compare profitability between public and private banks and suggest measures for improved performance.
This document compares the financial performance of State Bank of India (SBI) and ICICI Bank over the period of 2007-2008 to 2011-2012. It analyzes various ratios such as credit deposit ratio, interest expenses to total expenses, interest income to total income, other income to total income, and net profit margin. The study finds that while SBI performs well and is financially sound, ICICI Bank manages deposits and expenditures more efficiently. Overall, the document aims to evaluate and compare the growth, profitability, and financial stability of SBI and ICICI Bank.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS IN INDIA:...kishoremeghani
Banking sector is one of the fastest growing sectors in India. Today’s banking sector becoming more complex. The objective of this study is to analyze the Financial Position and Performance of the Bank of Baroda and Punjab National Bank in India based on their financial characteristics. This study attempts to measure the relative performance of Indian banks. For this study, we have used public sector banks. We know that in the service sector, it is difficult to quantify the output because it is intangible. We have chosen the CAMEL model and t-test which measures the performance of bank from each of the important parameter like capital adequacy, asset quality, management efficiency, earning quality, liquidity and Sensitivity.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS IN INDIA ...Simar Neasy
This document presents a study comparing the financial performance of two major public sector banks in India, Bank of Baroda and Punjab National Bank, over a five-year period from 2010-2014 using the CAMEL model. The CAMEL model assesses banks based on Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earnings, and Liquidity. The study uses various financial ratios under each CAMEL parameter and t-tests to determine if there are any significant differences between the two banks' financial positions and performances. The results of the t-tests show that for some ratios like total assets turnover ratio, there are significant differences, but for most ratios like capital adequacy, debt equity, and
This document analyzes the financial performance of State Bank of India over a 5-year period from 2013-2018. Key findings from the analysis include:
1) State Bank of India maintained a high current ratio on average of 16.15 times over the period, indicating strong liquidity. Regression analysis showed that increases in current assets positively impacted the current ratio.
2) Profitability ratios like gross profit ratio, operating profit ratio, and return on shareholders' funds were on average 167.36%, 60.964%, and 5.777143% respectively, demonstrating good overall profitability. However, two-way ANOVA found significant differences in profitability ratios over the years.
3) Turnover ratios like
1) The banking industry in India has become highly competitive which has increased the need for banks to focus on customer retention through high quality services.
2) It is important for banks like ICICI Bank to understand customer satisfaction levels and the key drivers of satisfaction to improve services, gain a competitive advantage, and increase customer retention.
3) Analyzing ICICI Bank's financial performance and service quality allows them to identify areas for improvement and better meet customer needs and expectations.
1) The study aims to examine the impact of financial ratios on the profitability of Rural Banks (BPR) in Gianyar Regency, Indonesia.
2) The results showed that the Loan to Deposit Ratio had a positive effect on profitability, while the Non-Performing Loan ratio had a negative but insignificant effect. The Loan to Deposit Ratio and Cost of Funds ratio significantly affected profitability.
3) The study analyzed financial ratio indicators including cash turnover, loan to deposit ratio, non-performing loans ratio, and cost of funds ratio to measure their impact on the profitability of rural banks.
The Reserve Bank of India regulates the Indian banking industry. Until 1991, the industry was heavily regulated but reforms since then have liberalized and intensified competition. Today the industry includes public and private sector banks, co-operative banks, long-term lending institutions, non-bank finance companies, and more. In recent years growth has been consistent but high inflation in 2013 impacted some public sector banks' profitability. Rising incomes and economic growth are expected to continue driving growth in the banking sector.
Financial performance of select public sector banks in India: A Review of Sel...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT :This study focuses on review papers that are published in prestigious journals and explores the
performance of public sector banks (PSBs) as a critical indicator of the nation's economic health. Delving into
intricate financial dynamics, it scrutinizes select PSBs, revealing insights into their fiscal resilience, adaptability
to market trends, and contribution to economic well-being. The research analyzes transformative changes in the
financial landscape, encompassing regulatory reforms and technological advancements. Examining key metrics
like profitability, asset quality, and credit expansion, the study provides a comprehensive overview of PSBs' role
in economic resilience. The methodology involves a review of 20 papers, identifying a research gap in
understanding the long-term impact of specific characteristics on profitability. The findings suggest a need for
holistic and longitudinal analyses to comprehend the evolving dynamics of public sector banks in response to
market changes and regulatory reforms, providing enduring insights into their financial health.
KEYWORDS: Public sector banks, financial performance, Economic resilience, Regulatory reforms,
Technological advancements, Longitudinal analysis, Indian banking sector.
Asset quality of nationalized banks and new private sector banks on priority ...RAVICHANDIRANG
Banking sector in India is one of the prevailing and well-organized mechanisms of the financial system. Indian banking sector consists of old age tradition, which enable to update
modern technology. Structure of the banking system is also well defined and systematically channelized. When banks were established, it had complicated only traditional services such as
accepting deposits and lending loans. Due to the industrial development in the country, banks become a never ending system of the economy which is positioned as a centre point of social, economical and industrial well being. In this regard, banks were nationalized and Government had given periodical regulation. The banking system has been acting as negotiator to the Government to implement socio economic programmes. As per the working group of priority sector, lending recommendation, commercial banks are obliged to lend up to 40% of their total
lending to priority sector.
IMPACT OF MOBILE BANKING ON CUSTOMER’S SATISFACTION IN TIRUCHIRAPPALLI TOWNPARAMASIVANCHELLIAH
- The document analyzes the impact of mobile banking on customer satisfaction in Tiruchirappalli, India through a survey of 121 respondents.
- It finds that the main purposes for using mobile banking were to transfer money (57%) and check account balances (16.5%).
- The study aims to understand customer satisfaction levels with mobile banking and problems faced, in order to help banks improve their services.
This document discusses the use of big data in marketing and consumer behavior. It defines big data and outlines its uses in marketing, including targeted advertising, customer segmentation, pricing optimization, and social media analysis. It also describes different types of big data useful for marketers, such as behavioral, transactional, and demographic data. The document then discusses techniques for collecting big data and applications in e-marketing, including personalization, targeted advertising, predictive analytics, and website optimization. Finally, it reviews several relevant literature sources on big data applications in marketing and consumer behavior.
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This document provides an overview of public sector undertakings (PSUs) in India. It discusses that PSUs are government-owned companies that play an important role in India's economy. The document then covers several key topics regarding PSUs, including the financial management challenges they face, the role of financial advisors, examples of major PSUs, and reforms around disinvestment and increasing transparency. It analyzes issues like managing risks and growth in the changing banking environment in India. Overall, the document presents an introduction to PSUs and examines their operations, importance, and ongoing development.
This document analyzes the financial performance of State Bank of India (SBI) using the Camel approach over the period of 2003-04 to 2009-10. The Camel approach assesses banks based on their Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Quality, Earnings, and Liquidity. The objective is to identify SBI's strengths and weaknesses to help investors make informed decisions. Previous studies on mergers and acquisitions in the Indian banking sector show mixed results on financial performance improvements. The analysis finds that SBI's performance varies across the different Camel ratios, with some ratios indicating strengths and others requiring improvement.
Evaluation of some private commercial banks in bangladesh from performance pe...ijmvsc
Banks operate on a huge scale at the heart of the modern economy and the banking system has become an
integral part in the progress of economic development in Bangladesh. Besides, the banking sector has
made their innovation and efficiency crucial to the economy as it competes in an e-commerce world. The
role of banking system in this situation cannot be denied at all. This report intends to evaluate the
performance of selected private commercial banks in Bangladesh. In the study, best efforts have been put
on evaluating the performance. The growing pattern of branches, employees, deposits, loans and
advances, classified loan, net income and earnings per share of selected private commercial banks has
been considered to make an analysis on the performance evaluation of the selected private commercial
banks. To evaluate the performance, data have been collected from the secondary sources. Then the
collected data have been analyzed. From the analysis, it has been found that all of the selected banks are
in a position to make a sustainable growth in respect of branches, employees, deposits, loans and
advances, classified loan, net income and earnings per share during the period of 2007-2011 with some
fluctuation. Besides the growth pattern, other forms of calculations have been used for every selected
variable and they are trend equation and square of correlation coefficient. Under trend equation analysis,
the variables named branches, employees, deposits and net incomes hold more positive value than the
other variables considered. As the value of the slope always shows the positive number, it is a clear
indication that Bangladesh has a very good prospect in case of private commercial banks
AN OVERVIEW OF BRANCHES AND ATMS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN INDIA PARAMASIVANCHELLIAH
This document provides an overview of the branches and ATMs of commercial banks in India. It discusses the growth in branches and ATMs of public sector banks from 2010-11 to 2019-20, with the number of branches increasing from 62,211 to 87,892 and the number of ATMs increasing from 39,487 to 134,863 over this period. It also provides breakdowns of the branches and ATMs of various public sector banks by location (rural, semi-urban, urban, metropolitan) as of 2019-20. Finally, it summarizes the total ATMs owned by different types of commercial banks (public sector banks, private sector banks, foreign banks, payment banks, small finance banks) by location
Financial performance of selected banks in patiala punjab national bank unio...IAEME Publication
This document analyzes the financial performance of selected public and private sector banks in Patiala, Punjab between 2009-2012. It specifically examines Punjab National Bank and Union Bank of India as public sector banks, looking at trends in deposits and advances. Deposits at PNB's Model Town branch grew steadily over the period, led by savings accounts. Short-term loans comprised about half of PNB's total advances. The study aims to compare profitability between public and private banks and suggest measures for improved performance.
This document compares the financial performance of State Bank of India (SBI) and ICICI Bank over the period of 2007-2008 to 2011-2012. It analyzes various ratios such as credit deposit ratio, interest expenses to total expenses, interest income to total income, other income to total income, and net profit margin. The study finds that while SBI performs well and is financially sound, ICICI Bank manages deposits and expenditures more efficiently. Overall, the document aims to evaluate and compare the growth, profitability, and financial stability of SBI and ICICI Bank.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS IN INDIA:...kishoremeghani
Banking sector is one of the fastest growing sectors in India. Today’s banking sector becoming more complex. The objective of this study is to analyze the Financial Position and Performance of the Bank of Baroda and Punjab National Bank in India based on their financial characteristics. This study attempts to measure the relative performance of Indian banks. For this study, we have used public sector banks. We know that in the service sector, it is difficult to quantify the output because it is intangible. We have chosen the CAMEL model and t-test which measures the performance of bank from each of the important parameter like capital adequacy, asset quality, management efficiency, earning quality, liquidity and Sensitivity.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS IN INDIA ...Simar Neasy
This document presents a study comparing the financial performance of two major public sector banks in India, Bank of Baroda and Punjab National Bank, over a five-year period from 2010-2014 using the CAMEL model. The CAMEL model assesses banks based on Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earnings, and Liquidity. The study uses various financial ratios under each CAMEL parameter and t-tests to determine if there are any significant differences between the two banks' financial positions and performances. The results of the t-tests show that for some ratios like total assets turnover ratio, there are significant differences, but for most ratios like capital adequacy, debt equity, and
This document analyzes the financial performance of State Bank of India over a 5-year period from 2013-2018. Key findings from the analysis include:
1) State Bank of India maintained a high current ratio on average of 16.15 times over the period, indicating strong liquidity. Regression analysis showed that increases in current assets positively impacted the current ratio.
2) Profitability ratios like gross profit ratio, operating profit ratio, and return on shareholders' funds were on average 167.36%, 60.964%, and 5.777143% respectively, demonstrating good overall profitability. However, two-way ANOVA found significant differences in profitability ratios over the years.
3) Turnover ratios like
1) The banking industry in India has become highly competitive which has increased the need for banks to focus on customer retention through high quality services.
2) It is important for banks like ICICI Bank to understand customer satisfaction levels and the key drivers of satisfaction to improve services, gain a competitive advantage, and increase customer retention.
3) Analyzing ICICI Bank's financial performance and service quality allows them to identify areas for improvement and better meet customer needs and expectations.
1) The study aims to examine the impact of financial ratios on the profitability of Rural Banks (BPR) in Gianyar Regency, Indonesia.
2) The results showed that the Loan to Deposit Ratio had a positive effect on profitability, while the Non-Performing Loan ratio had a negative but insignificant effect. The Loan to Deposit Ratio and Cost of Funds ratio significantly affected profitability.
3) The study analyzed financial ratio indicators including cash turnover, loan to deposit ratio, non-performing loans ratio, and cost of funds ratio to measure their impact on the profitability of rural banks.
The Reserve Bank of India regulates the Indian banking industry. Until 1991, the industry was heavily regulated but reforms since then have liberalized and intensified competition. Today the industry includes public and private sector banks, co-operative banks, long-term lending institutions, non-bank finance companies, and more. In recent years growth has been consistent but high inflation in 2013 impacted some public sector banks' profitability. Rising incomes and economic growth are expected to continue driving growth in the banking sector.
Financial performance of select public sector banks in India: A Review of Sel...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT :This study focuses on review papers that are published in prestigious journals and explores the
performance of public sector banks (PSBs) as a critical indicator of the nation's economic health. Delving into
intricate financial dynamics, it scrutinizes select PSBs, revealing insights into their fiscal resilience, adaptability
to market trends, and contribution to economic well-being. The research analyzes transformative changes in the
financial landscape, encompassing regulatory reforms and technological advancements. Examining key metrics
like profitability, asset quality, and credit expansion, the study provides a comprehensive overview of PSBs' role
in economic resilience. The methodology involves a review of 20 papers, identifying a research gap in
understanding the long-term impact of specific characteristics on profitability. The findings suggest a need for
holistic and longitudinal analyses to comprehend the evolving dynamics of public sector banks in response to
market changes and regulatory reforms, providing enduring insights into their financial health.
KEYWORDS: Public sector banks, financial performance, Economic resilience, Regulatory reforms,
Technological advancements, Longitudinal analysis, Indian banking sector.
Asset quality of nationalized banks and new private sector banks on priority ...RAVICHANDIRANG
Banking sector in India is one of the prevailing and well-organized mechanisms of the financial system. Indian banking sector consists of old age tradition, which enable to update
modern technology. Structure of the banking system is also well defined and systematically channelized. When banks were established, it had complicated only traditional services such as
accepting deposits and lending loans. Due to the industrial development in the country, banks become a never ending system of the economy which is positioned as a centre point of social, economical and industrial well being. In this regard, banks were nationalized and Government had given periodical regulation. The banking system has been acting as negotiator to the Government to implement socio economic programmes. As per the working group of priority sector, lending recommendation, commercial banks are obliged to lend up to 40% of their total
lending to priority sector.
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This study investigates factors that influence consumers' intentions to adopt the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) digital payment system in India. The study uses a survey of 200 UPI users and applies the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a framework to develop hypotheses about the impact of perceived trust, perceived risk, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness on behavioral intention. Statistical analysis of the survey data shows that perceived trust, perceived risk, and perceived usefulness have a significant impact on behavioral intention, while perceived ease of use does not have a significant impact. The study aims to identify key factors influencing UPI adoption and their relationships in order to help promote further adoption of UPI.
CHALLENGES AND PROBLEMS IN BANKING INNOVATIONS IN INDIA- AN OUTLOOKPARAMASIVANCHELLIAH
The document discusses challenges facing the banking sector in India, including losses in rural branches, large amounts of overdue loans, and non-performing assets. It also examines problems nationalized banks face such as bureaucratization, political pressures, and the gap between promises and performance. Additionally, the document outlines new digital innovations and ideas in the banking sector to address rising customer expectations and regulatory changes.
This document discusses banking innovations through technology. It examines technological developments in the banking sector and how innovation factors impact banking sector performance. Some key points:
- Banking sectors have adopted technologies like internet banking, mobile banking, ATMs, etc. which have positively impacted customers and provided benefits like increased convenience.
- Technologies allow customized services at reduced costs but some products may not meet real customer demands.
- Innovations are driven by factors like connectivity, customer relationships, and business growth which help achieve global competitiveness.
- Emerging technologies impacting banking include mobile banking, AI, blockchain, cloud computing and biometric authentication.
This document discusses how data science has enabled innovations in the banking sector. It provides examples of how data science has helped with fraud detection, personalizing services for customers, and risk management. Data science allows banks to analyze large customer data sets to identify patterns and make more informed decisions. This helps improve customer experience, increase efficiency, and give banks a competitive advantage. The document also discusses the importance of data science for banking, including enabling personalization, improving efficiency, and providing a competitive advantage through personalized customer services.
Banking intelligence through AI involves using advanced algorithms and machine learning models to analyze large amounts of customer data and provide insights to help banks automate processes like customer service, risk management, and fraud detection. However, implementing AI in banking poses several challenges, including ensuring data privacy and security, addressing potential bias and lack of transparency in algorithms, and complying with relevant regulations. Banks must establish effective programs, policies, and controls to properly manage these issues and realize the benefits of AI while mitigating risks.
This document discusses banking innovation through blockchain technology. It outlines several key challenges to the adoption of blockchain in banking, including lack of regulatory clarity, scalability and performance limitations. It also discusses problems like privacy/confidentiality concerns and integration with legacy systems. Overcoming these challenges and problems will be crucial to realizing blockchain's full potential benefits for the banking industry, such as increased efficiency, transparency and security.
This document discusses banking innovation through blockchain technology. It outlines several key challenges to the adoption of blockchain in banking, including lack of regulatory clarity, scalability and performance limitations. It also discusses problems like privacy and confidentiality concerns and the difficulty of integrating blockchain with legacy banking systems. Overcoming these challenges and problems will be important for realizing the full potential of blockchain to drive innovation in the banking industry.
The document discusses banking innovation through data science. It describes how data science has enabled banks to analyze large amounts of customer data to gain insights, develop customized products and services, improve risk management, and optimize operations. However, it also notes several challenges to banking innovation through data science, including ensuring data quality, protecting data privacy and security, developing specialized skillsets, overcoming legacy infrastructure issues, and complying with regulations.
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW ON BANKING INNOVATION THROUGH TECHNOLOGYPARAMASIVANCHELLIAH
This document summarizes a systematic literature review on banking innovations through technology. The review analyzed 45 relevant studies published between 2011 and 2021. It found that integrating technology into banking has significantly improved efficiency, productivity, and customer satisfaction. The most prevalent technology-driven banking innovations are mobile banking, artificial intelligence, blockchain, and digital payment systems. However, challenges like cybersecurity, data privacy, and regulatory compliance still hinder technology adoption in the banking sector.
The document discusses various banking innovations that have been adopted through new technologies. It covers topics such as online banking, mobile banking, APIs, real-time payments, cloud technologies, biometrics, chatbots, process automation using AI, optical character recognition (OCR), microservices architecture, the Internet of Things, big data analytics, enhancing the consumer experience through digital and mobile banking, human-focused technologies like digital human banking, and voice recognition technologies. Many banks are investing heavily in new technologies to improve services, increase efficiency, enhance security, and provide more personalized customer experiences.
The document discusses emerging trends in new start-up technopreneurs in India. It notes that India has emerged as the third largest start-up ecosystem in the world due to a rapid growth in technology start-ups since 2010. The government of India has launched several initiatives like Start-Up India to support entrepreneurship and start-ups. This is expected to help India become one of the top start-up hubs globally and contribute significantly to its economic growth and job creation.
This document discusses the growth and development of the IT and ITeS industry in India. It notes that the industry has grown rapidly over the past two decades, with Indian IT companies becoming globally prominent. The industry contributes significantly to India's GDP and exports. Major government initiatives like setting up software parks and economic zones have supported the industry's growth. Key cities housing major IT hubs include Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, and Hyderabad. The revenue of the Indian IT sector increased over 200% between 2008-09 and 2015-16, reaching $143 billion. However, the industry must continue reinventing itself through new business models and partnerships to sustain growth.
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FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN INDIA
1. Vol. 71, Issue. 02, No.4, April-June: 2022 Page. 54
Journal
of the
Oriental Institute
M.S. University of Baroda
ISSN: 0030-5324
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN INDIA
Dr.C. PARAMASIVAN Assistant Professor
G.RAVICHANDIRAN Ph.D. Full Time Research Scholar
PG & Research Department of Commerce Periyar E.V.R.College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli-
620023. (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India)
ABSTRACT
Banking is one of the major components of financial system of the country which determines
the money circulation among the people. Performance the banking sectors depends on its financial
performance commitments and soundness. Financial performance is the only factor which decides the
operational efficiency and its sustainability of banking sectors. Every banking sector tries to maintain
their financial strength and updated services. It is observed that, a financially viable banking services
can survive in the market and contribute user friendly services to the customers.With this view, the
present papers made and attempt to discuss the financial performance of commercial banks with the
help of income and expenditures and consolidated balance sheet for the year 2019-20.
KEY WORDS:Financial system, banking sector, commercial banks, public sector banks, financial
performance, balance sheet,Banking Regulation Act
INTRODUCTION
Financial systems of the country decide the flow of money from one hand to another for
productivity purpose. Banking is one of the fundamental components of financial systems. Banks are
the nerve system of a nation’s economy and provide an outline of how the country’s economic growth
and financial activities will perform. A well organised and regulated banking system helps to promote
the economic activities in an advanced manner. Indian banking industry has recently observed the roll
out of innovative banking models like payments and small finance banks. RBI’s new measures may
go a long way in helping the restructuring of the domestic banking industry. Therefore Indian banking
sectors systematically structured with sufficient systems, like commercial banks, cooperative banks
etc. Commercial banks are controlled under the Banking Regulation Act 1949 and empower a bank to
carry out business operations of keeping money as deposits and grant loans to the public, corporate
and the government itself. With this perspective, the present paper made and attempts to discuss the
financial performance of commercial banks with the help of income and expenditures and consolidated
balance sheet for the year 2019-20.
PROFILE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS
Banking is one of the major components of financial system of the country which decide the
money circulation among the people. The Indian banking system consists of 12 public sector banks,
22 private sector banks, 46 foreign banks, 56 regional rural banks, 10 small fiancé banks, 6 payment
banks, 1485 urban cooperative banks and 96,000 rural cooperative banks in addition to cooperative
credit institutions. As of November 2020, the total number of ATMs in India increased to 209,282.
Indian banking sector is one of the fast-growing sectors in the world with huge account holder and
investment. Banking infrastructure and facilitates have been increasing significantly due to the
globalisation and information technology. In 2006, financial inclusion initiatives enlarge the banking
penetration and reached unreached places and people.Commercial banks in India are the mainstay of
all key economic activities in the country, whether it is for the citizens to keep their hard-earned money
safely or get loans whenever they need funds for important things like a home, wedding, a car or for
business. To say that banks and businesses run hand in hand would be equivalent is because without
adequate credit support it is hard to embellishment businesses and vice versa.
2. Vol. 71, Issue. 02, No.4, April-June: 2022 Page. 55
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Padma.D., &Arulmathi.V. (2013). Mentioned that Performance and efficiency of commercial
banks are the key elements of countries financial system. In view of this, the study set out to apply
Profitability ratios, Solvency ratios and Management efficiency ratios on SBI and ICICI Bank in order
to compare their efficiency and solvency position.
Ritesh Patel. (2018). Mentioned that the financial performance is evaluated on the basis of
various variables. It has been observed that after the merger, the Assets, Equity, Investment and
advances of all banks increases, but due to underutilization, their respective yield decreases.
Mani Govil., &Mishu Tripathi. (2014). Suggested that the banking sector suffered huge
setback in terms of loss in liquidity, asset quality, profitability and a short-term rise in demand for bank
credit. The paper examines the impact of the global crisis on a sample of top ten ranking banks by
using trend analysis of important financial indicators.
Anand Atulkumar Joshi., &Yashasvi R. Rajpara. (2020). Mentioned that banking scenario,
various sectors like Public Sector Bank, Private sector bank, Foreign Bank and Small Finance bank
plays a catalyst role in the development and growth of the economy as a whole. Such sectors of banks
act as competitors as well as collaborators at the same time.
Venkatesh Thummalapenta., & Sardar Gugloth. (2020). Explained that Indian banking
sector has been passing through a complex, but comprehensive phase of reform and restructuring since
1991. The whole banking scenario has changed a lot in the recent past on the base of implementation
of Narasimham Committee Report and other reforms.
Gautam Prasad., & Ankita Rajput. (2020). Concluded thatthe CAMEL approach is a useful
tool to examine the safety and soundness of banking sectors in India. In the present study, the
performance of Punjab National Bank using the CAMEL approach has been studied.
Jeevan Jayant Nagarkar. (2015). Revealed that Business cycles are not new to the Indian
economy. In last ten years India witnessed two major phases of business cycle. High growth tide lifted
all boats and high revenue high profits were taken for granted. The last four years have been the phase
of recession.
Banking
Scheduled
Commercial
Banks
Public sector
banks
Private Sector
Banks
Foreign Banks
Regional Rural
Banks
Payment Banks
Small Finance
Banks
Cooperative
Banks
Urban
Cooperative
Banks
Rural
Cooperative
Banks
Non Scheduled
3. Vol. 71, Issue. 02, No.4, April-June: 2022 Page. 56
Meraj Banu., & Sudha Vepa. (2021). Explained that the banking system in India has
witnessed the fastest growth in comparison to other governing sectors of the Indian economy. The
solvency and sustenance of banks do not only concern the depositors but equally to the other
participants viz., the employees, the customers, the shareholders and the country as a whole.
Divyang Joshi., Samir Thakkar., & et al. (2021). Suggested that the banking industry is
important to a country's economic growth. With a large network of branches and a diverse range of
financial services, India's banking system is large. The financial performance of banks was analyzed
using net profit, assets, liabilities, income, expense, margin ratio, and return on equity ratio.
Mustafa Hassan Mohammad Adam. (2014). Several financial performance parameters are
used such as financial ratios analysis which is used to measure the financial position for the bank and
on broader range statistical tools also have been used for analysis purpose of several variables which
would affect the banking system in general in order to know whether these variables are significantly
correlated with the financial performance for the bank.
Saranya. C., & Sridevi. V. (2019). Mentioned that Banking plays an important role in the
growth and development of Indian economy in each and every aspect. The main aim of the study is to
compare and evaluate the financial performance of selected banks using CAMEL rating system.
Sunita Chaki., Kshamta Chauhan., & et al. (2019). Pointed that the global financial crisis
started showing its contagion effect on the Indian economy, the financial performance and soundness
indicators witnessed a chequered performance.
Tapas Kumar Sethy. (2017). Mentioned that Bank consolidation through merger and
acquisition has been strongly argued by many researchers and policy makers with a view to enhance
performances through synergy effect and wider geographical coverage of banking networks in India.
Table No-1 : Consolidated Balance Sheet of Public Sector Banks – 2019-20
(Rs. in crore)
Sl.No Items
Public Sector
Banks
All Commercial
Banks
% to Total
1 Capital 72,040 1,90,802 37.76
2 Reserves and Surplus 5,80,886 12,82,884 45.28
3 Deposits 90,48,420 1,39,75,095 64.75
3.1.Demand Deposits 5,71,383 13,39,167 42.67
3.2.Savings Bank Deposit 30,41,902 42,95,779 70.81
3.3.Term Deposits 54,35,134 83,40,149 65.17
4 Borrowings 7,09,780 16,96,046 41.85
5 Other Liabilities and Provisions 3,71,893 8,70,048 42.74
Total Liabilities/Assets 1,07,83,018 1,80,14,875 59.85
1
Cash and Cash Balances with
RBI
4,36,736 7,69,492 56.75
2
Balances with Banks and Money
at Call and Short Notice
4,66,615 7,83,753 59.53
3 Investments 29,40,636 46,89,842 62.70
3.1. In Government Securities
(a+b)
24,09,182 38,81,046 62.07
a) In India 23,71,783 38,12,845 62.20
b) Outside India 37,399 68,201 54.83
3.2. Other Approved Securities 102 102 100
3.3. Non- Approved Securities 5,31,352 8,08,694 65.70
4 Loan and Advances 61,58,112 1,03,01,914 59.77
4.1. Bills Purchased and
Discounted
1,60,977 3,47,955 46.26
4.2. Cash Credits Overdrafts, etc. 24,16,408 36,11,575 66.90
4.3. Term Loans 35,80,727 63,42,385 56.45
5 Fixed Assets 1,06,507 1,50,728 70.66
4. Vol. 71, Issue. 02, No.4, April-June: 2022 Page. 57
6 Other Assets 6,74,412 13,19,146 51.12
Source: Report of TPBII 2019-20.
Table No-1 Indicates that Consolidated Balance Sheet of Public Sector Banks in India, Capital
of Public Sector Banks amounted to Rs.72,040 crore (37.76%) as against Rs.1,90,802 crore, Reserves
and surplus of Public sector banks amounted to Rs.5,80,886 crore (45.28%) as against Rs.12,82,884
crore, Deposits of Public sector banks amounted to Rs.90,48,420 crore (64.75%) as against
Rs.1,36,75,095 crore, Borrowings of Public sector banks amounted to Rs.7,09,780 crore (41.85%) as
against Rs.16,96,046 crore, other Liabilities and Provision of Public sector banks amounted to
Rs.3,71,893 crore (42.74%) as against Rs.8,70,048 crore, Loan and Advances of Public sector banks
amounted to Rs.61,58,112 crore (45.28%) as against Rs.1,03,01,914 crore, Fixed Assets of Public
sector banks amounted to Rs.1,06,507 crore (70.66%) as against Rs.1,50,728crore,OtherAssetsof
Public sector banks amounted to Rs.6,74,412 crore (51.12%) as against Rs.13,19,146 crore of total
Capital of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20.
Table No-2
Income and Expenditure of Public Sector Banks
(Amount in Rs. crore)
Sl.No Items Public Sector
Banks
Total % in
Total
1. Income 8,34,320 14,82,858 56.26
a) Interest Income 7,16,203 12,48,435 57.36
b) Other Income 1,18,117 2,34,422 50.38
2. Expenditure 8,60,335 14,71,947 58.45
a) Interest Expended 4,68,005 7,62,794 61.35
b) Operating Expenses 1,91,925 3,47,469 55.23
Of which : Wage Bill 1,15,044 1,74,354 65.98
c) Provision and Contingencies 2,00,405 3,61,685 55.41
3. Operating Profit 1,74,390 3,72,595 46.80
4. Net Profit -26,015 10,911 -41.94
5. Net Interest Income (NII)(1a-2a) 2,48,198 4,85,641 51.10
6. Net Interest Margin (NIM) 2.37 2.8 84.64
Source: Consolidated Annual Report of RBI.
Table No-2 Indicates that Income and Expenditure of Public Sector Banks in India, Income of
Public Sector Banks amounted to Rs.8,34,320 crore as against Rs.14,82,858 crore, of total Income of
Commercial Banks as on 2019-20.Expenditure of Public sector banks amounted to Rs.8,60,335 crore
as against Rs.14,71,947 crore of total expenditure of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Operating
Profit of Public sector banks amounted to Rs.1,74,390 crore as against Rs.3,72,595 crore of total Profit
of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20,Net Profit of Public sector banks amounted to Rs.-26,015 crore
as against Rs.10,911 crore of total Net Profit of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Net Interest Income
of Public sector banks amounted to Rs.2,48,198 crore as against Rs.4,85,641 crore of total Net Interest
Income of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Net Interest Margin of Public sector banks amounted to
Rs.2.37 crore as against Rs.2.8 crore of total Net Interest Margin of Commercial Banks as on 2019-
20.
Table No-3
Consolidated Balance Sheet of Private Sector Banks - 2019-20
(Rs. in Crore)
Sl.No Items
Private
Sector
Banks
All
Commercial
Banks
% to Total
1 Capital 26,866 1,90,802 14.08
2 Reserves and Surplus 5,82,425 12,82,884 45.40
3 Deposits 41,59,044 1,39,75,095 29.76
3.1.Demand Deposits 5,47,521 13,39,167 40.88
5. Vol. 71, Issue. 02, No.4, April-June: 2022 Page. 58
Source: Report of TPBII 2019-20
Table No-3 Indicates that Consolidated Balance Sheet of Private Sector Banks in India, Capital
of Private Sector Banks amounted to Rs.26,866 crore as against Rs.1,90,802 crore, Reserves and
surplus of Private sector banks amounted to Rs.5,82,425 crore (45.40%) as against Rs.12,82,884 crore,
Deposits of Private sector banks amounted to Rs.41,59,044 crore (29.76%) as against Rs.1,36,75,095
crore, Borrowings of Private sector banks amounted to Rs.8,27,575 crore (48.79%) as against
Rs.16,96,046 crore, other Liabilities and Provision of Private sector banks amounted to Rs.2,36,229
crore (27.15%) as against Rs.8,70,048 crore, Loan and Advances of Private sector banks amounted to
Rs.36,25,154 crore (35.19%) as against Rs.1,03,01,914 crore, Fixed Assets of Private sector banks
amounted to Rs.38,243 crore (25.37%) as against Rs.1,50,728 crore, Other Assets of Private sector
banks amounted to Rs.3,90,770 crore (29.62%) as against Rs.13,19,146 crore of total Capital of
Commercial Banks as on 2019-20.
Table No-4
Income and Expenditure of Private Sector Banks
(Amount in Rs. crore)
Sl.
No
Items
Private Sector
Banks
Total
% to
Total
1. Income 5,46,041 14,82,858 36.82
a) Interest Income 4,48,566 12,48,435 35.93
b) Other Income 97,476 2,34,422 41.58
2. Expenditure 5,26,930 14,71,947 35.80
a) Interest Expended 2,58,038 7,62,794 33.83
b) Operating Expenses 1,26,320 3,47,469 36.35
Of which : Wage Bill 47,357 1,74,354 27.16
3.2.Savings Bank Deposit 11,72,739 42,95,779 27.30
3.3.Term Deposits 24,38,784 83,40,149 29.24
4 Borrowings 8,27,575 16,96,046 48.79
5
Other Liabilities and
Provisions
2,36,229 8,70,048 27.15
Total Liabilities/Assets 58,32,139 1,80,14,875 32.37
1
Cash and Cash Balances
with RBI
2,72,616 7,69,492 35.43
2
Balances with Banks and
Money at Call and Short
Notice
2,12,324 7,83,753 27.09
3 Investments 12,93,031 46,89,842 27.57
3.1. In Government
Securities (a+b)
10,66,313 38,81,046 27.47
a) In India 10,57,074 38,12,845 27.72
b) Outside India 9,240 68,201 13.55
3.2. Other Approved
Securities
- 102 0
3.3. Non- Approved
Securities
2,26,718 8,08,694 28.03
4 Loan and Advances 36,25,154 1,03,01,914 35.19
4.1. Bills Purchased and
Discounted
1,25,078 3,47,955 35.94
4.2. Cash Credits Overdrafts,
etc.
9,83,165 36,11,575 27.22
4.3. Term Loans 25,16,912 63,42,385 39.69
5 Fixed Assets 38,243 1,50,728 25.37
6 Other Assets 3,90,770 13,19,146 29.62
6. Vol. 71, Issue. 02, No.4, April-June: 2022 Page. 59
c) Provision and Contingencies 1,42,572 3,61,685 39.42
3. Operating Profit 1,61,684 3,72,595 43.39
4. Net Profit 19,111 10,911 -57.09
5. Net Interest Income (NII) (1a-2a) 1,90,528 4,85,641 39.23
6. Net Interest Margin (NIM) 3.42 2.8 -81.87
Source: Consolidated Annual Report of RBI.
Table No-4 Indicates that Income and Expenditure of Private Sector Banks in India, Income of
Private Sector Banks amounted to Rs.5,46,041 crore as against Rs.14,82,858 crore of total Income of
Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Expenditure of Private sector banks amounted to Rs.5,26,930 crore
as against Rs.14,71,947 crore of total expenditure of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Operating
Profit of Private sector banks amounted to Rs.1,61,684 crore as against Rs.3,72,595 crore of total Profit
of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Net Profit of Private sector banks amounted to Rs.19,111 crore
as against Rs.10,911 crore of total Net Profit of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Net Interest Income
of Private sector banks amounted to Rs.1,90,528 crore as against Rs.4,85,641 crore of total Net Interest
Income of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20,Net Interest Margin of Private sector banks amounted to
Rs.3.42 crore as against Rs.2.8 crore of total Net Interest Margin of Commercial Banks as on 2019-
20.
Table No-5
Consolidated Balance Sheet of Foreign Banks – 2019-20
(Rs. in crores)
Sl.No Items
Foreign
Banks
All
Commercial
Banks
% to Total
1 Capital 85,710 1,90,802 44.92
2 Reserves and Surplus 1,08,987 12,82,884 8.50
3 Deposits 6,84,289 1,39,75,095 4.90
3.1.Demand Deposits 2,17,874 13,39,167 16.27
3.2.Savings Bank Deposit 70,007 42,95,779 1.63
3.3.Term Deposits 3,96,408 83,40,149 4.75
4 Borrowings 1,28,687 16,96,046 7.59
5
Other Liabilities and
Provisions
2,57,632 8,70,048 29.61
Total Liabilities/Assets 12,65,304 1,80,14,875 7.02
1
Cash and Cash Balances with
RBI
55,048 7,69,492 7.15
2
Balances with Banks and
Money at Call and Short
Notice
95,658 7,83,753 12.20
3 Investments 4,31,277 46,89,842 9.19
3.1. In Government Securities
(a+b)
3,84,109 38,81,046 9.90
a) In India 3,62,547 38,12,845 9.50
b) Outside India 21,562 68,201 31.61
3.2. Other Approved Securities - 102 0
3.3. Non- Approved Securities 47,168 8,08,694 5.83
4 Loan and Advances 4,28,072 1,03,01,914 4.15
4.1. Bills Purchased and
Discounted
61,864 3,47,955 17.78
4.2. Cash Credits Overdrafts,
etc.
2,05,130 36,11,575 5.68
4.3. Term Loans 1,61,078 63,42,385 2.54
5 Fixed Assets 4,129 1,50,728 2.74
7. Vol. 71, Issue. 02, No.4, April-June: 2022 Page. 60
6 Other Assets 2,51,120 13,19,146 19.03
Source: Report of TPBII 2019-20
Table No-5 Indicates that Consolidated Balance Sheet of Foreign Banks in India, Capital of
Foreign Banks amounted to Rs.85,710 crore as against Rs.1,90,802 crore, Reserves and surplus of
Foreign Banks amounted to Rs.1,08,987 crore (8.40%) as against Rs.12,82,884 crore, Deposits of
Foreign Banks amounted to Rs.6,84,289 crore (4.90%) as against Rs.1,36,75,095 crore, Borrowings
of Foreign Banks amounted to Rs.1,28,687 crore (7.59%) as against Rs.16,96,046 crore, other
Liabilities and Provision of Foreign Banks amounted to Rs.2,57,632 crore (29.61%) as against
Rs.8,70,048 crore, Loan and Advances of Foreign Banks amounted to Rs.4,28,072 crore (4.15%) as
against Rs.1,03,01,914 crore, Fixed Assets of Foreign Banks amounted to Rs.4,129 crore (2.74%) as
against Rs.1,50,728 crore, Other Assets of Foreign Banks amounted to Rs.2,51,120 crore (19.03%) as
against Rs.13,19,146 crore of total Capital of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20.
Table No-6
Income and Expenditure of Foreign Banks
(Amount in Rs. crore)
Sl.No Items
Foreign
Banks Total % to Total
1. Income 83,223 14,82,858 5.61
a) Interest Income 66,673 12,48,435 5.34
b) Other Income 16,550 2,34,422 7.05
2. Expenditure 67,043 14,71,947 4.55
a) Interest Expended 28,810 7,62,794 3.78
b) Operating Expenses 21,584 3,47,469 6.21
Of which : Wage Bill 7,878 1,74,354 4.52
c) Provision and Contingencies 16,648 3,61,685 4.60
3. Operating Profit 32,829 3,72,595 8.81
4. Net Profit 16,180 10,911 -67.43
5. Net Interest Income (NII) (1a-2a) 37,863 4,85,641 7.80
6. Net Interest Margin (NIM) 3.26 2.8 -85.89
Source: Consolidated Annual Report of RBI.
Table No-6 Indicates that Income and Expenditure of Foreign Banks in India, Income of
Foreign Banks amounted to Rs.83,223 crore as against Rs.14,82,858 crore of total Income of
Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Expenditure of Foreign Banks amounted to Rs.67,043 crore as
against Rs.14,71,947 crore of total expenditure of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Operating Profit
of Foreign Banks amounted to Rs.32,829 crore as against Rs.3,72,595 crore of total Profit of
Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Net Profit of Foreign Banks amounted to Rs.16,180 crore as against
Rs.10,911 crore of total Net Profit of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Net Interest Income of Foreign
Banks amounted to Rs.37,863 crore as against Rs.4,85,641 crore of total Net Interest Income of
Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Net Interest Margin of Foreign Banks amounted to Rs.3.26 crore
as against Rs.2.8 crore of total Net Interest Margin of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20.
Table No-7
Consolidated Balance Sheet of Small Finance Banks – 2019-20
(Rs. in crores)
Sl.No Items
Small
Finance
Banks
All
Commercial
Banks
% to Total
1 Capital 5,151 1,90,802 2.70
2 Reserves and Surplus 11,047 12,82,884 0.86
3 Deposits 82,488 1,39,75,095 0.59
3.1.Demand Deposits 2,381 13,39,167 0.18
3.2.Savings Bank Deposit 10,284 42,95,779 0.24
3.3.Term Deposits 69,823 83,40,149 0.84
8. Vol. 71, Issue. 02, No.4, April-June: 2022 Page. 61
4 Borrowings 30,004 16,96,046 1.77
5
Other Liabilities and
Provisions
4,078 8,70,048 0.47
Total Liabilities/Assets 1,32,768 1,80,14,875 0.74
1
Cash and Cash Balances
with RBI
5,058 7,69,492 0.66
2
Balances with Banks and
Money at Call and Short
Notice
8,701 7,83,753 1.11
3 Investments 24,203 46,89,842 0.52
3.1. In Government
Securities (a+b)
20,748 38,81,046 0.53
a) In India 20,748 38,12,845 0.54
b) Outside India - 68,201 0
3.2. Other Approved
Securities
- 102 0
3.3. Non- Approved
Securities
3,455 8,08,694 0.43
4 Loan and Advances 90,576 1,03,01,914 0.88
4.1. Bills Purchased and
Discounted
37 3,47,955 0.01
4.2. Cash Credits Overdrafts,
etc.
6,872 36,11,575 0.19
4.3. Term Loans 83,668 63,42,385 1.32
5 Fixed Assets 1,649 1,50,728 1.09
6 Other Assets 2,580 13,19,146 0.19
Source: Report of TPBII 2019-20
Table No-7 Indicates that Consolidated Balance Sheet of Small Finance Banks in India, Capital
of Small Finance Banks amounted to Rs.5,151 crore as against Rs.1,90,802 crore, Reserves and surplus
of Small Finance Banks amounted to Rs.11,047 crore (0.86%) as against Rs.12,82,884 crore, Deposits
of Small Finance Banks amounted to Rs.82,488 crore (0.59%) as against Rs.1,36,75,095 crore,
Borrowings of Small Finance Banks amounted to Rs.30,004 crore (1.77%) as against Rs.16,96,046
crore, other Liabilities and Provision of Small Finance Banks amounted to Rs.4,078 crore (0.47%) as
against Rs.8,70,048 crore, Loan and Advances of Small Finance Banks amounted to Rs.90,576 crore
(0.88%) as against Rs.1,03,01,914 crore, Fixed Assets of Small Finance Banks amounted to Rs.1,649
crore (1.09%) as against Rs.1,50,728 crore, Other Assets of Small Finance Banks amounted to
Rs.2,580 crore (0.19%) as against Rs.13,19,146 crore of total Capital of Commercial Banks as on
2019-20.
Table No-8
Income and Expenditure of Small Finance Banks
(Amount in Rs. crore)
Sl.No Items
Small
Finance
Banks
Total % to Total
1. Income 19,219 14,82,858 1.30
a) Interest Income 16,948 12,48,435 1.35
b) Other Income 2,271 2,34,422 0.97
2. Expenditure 17,251 14,71,947 1.17
a) Interest Expended 7,928 7,62,794 1.04
b) Operating Expenses 7,152 3,47,469 2.06
Of which : Wage Bill 3,811 1,74,354 2.18
c) Provision and Contingencies 2,171 3,61,685 0.60
9. Vol. 71, Issue. 02, No.4, April-June: 2022 Page. 62
3. Operating Profit 4,139 3,72,595 1.11
4. Net Profit 1,968 10,911 18.03
5. Net Interest Income (NII) (1a-2a) 9,020 4,85,641 1.86
6. Net Interest Margin (NIM) 8.34 2.8 -33.57
Source: Consolidated Annual Report of RBI.
Table No-8 Indicates that Income and Expenditure of Small Finance Banks in India, Income
of Small Finance banks amounted to Rs.19,219 crore as against Rs.14,82,858 crore of total Income of
Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Expenditure of Small Finance Banks amounted to Rs.17,251 crore
as against Rs.14,71,947 crore of total expenditure of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Operating
Profit of Small Finance Banks amounted to Rs.4,139 crore as against Rs.3,72,595 crore of total Profit
of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Net Profit of Small Finance Banks amounted to Rs.1,968 crore
as against Rs.10,911 crore of total Net Profit of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Net Interest Income
of Small Finance Banks amounted to Rs.9,020 crore as against Rs.4,85,641 crore of total Net Interest
Income of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Net Interest Margin of Small Finance Banks amounted
to Rs.8.34 crore as against Rs.2.8 crore of total Net Interest Margin of Commercial Banks as on 2019-
20.
Table No-9
Consolidated Balance Sheet of Payments Banks – 2019-20
(Rs. in crores)
Sl.No Items
Payments
Banks
All
Commercial
Banks
% to Total
1 Capital 1,035 1,90,802 0.54
2 Reserves and Surplus -461 12,82,884 -0.03
3 Deposits 855 1,39,75,095 0.01
3.1.Demand Deposits 8 13,39,167 0.01
3.2.Savings Bank Deposit 847 42,95,779 0.02
3.3.Term Deposits - 83,40,149 0
4 Borrowings - 16,96,046 0
5 Other Liabilities and Provisions 216 8,70,048 0.02
Total Liabilities/Assets 1,645 1,80,14,875 0.01
1 Cash and Cash Balances with RBI 33 7,69,492 0.01
2
Balances with Banks and Money at Call and
Short Notice
455 7,83,753 0.06
3 Investments 694 46,89,842 0.01
3.1. In Government Securities (a+b) 694 38,81,046 0.02
a) In India 694 38,12,845 0.02
b) Outside India - 68,201 0
3.2. Other Approved Securities - 102 0
3.3. Non- Approved Securities - 8,08,694 0
4 Loan and Advances - 1,03,01,914 0
4.1. Bills Purchased and Discounted - 3,47,955 0
4.2. Cash Credits Overdrafts, etc. - 36,11,575 0
4.3. Term Loans - 63,42,385 0
5 Fixed Assets 200 1,50,728 0.13
6 Other Assets 263 13,19,146 0.02
Source: Report of TPBII 2019-20.
Table No-9 Indicates that Consolidated Balance Sheet of Payments Banks in India, Capital of
Payments Banks amounted to Rs.1,035 crore as against Rs.1,90,802 crore of total Capital of
Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, which constitute 0.54 per cent of total Capital, Reserves and Surplus
of Payments Banks amounted to Rs.-461 crore as against Rs.12,82,884 crore of total Reserves and
Surplus of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Deposits of Payments Banks amounted to Rs.855 crore
10. Vol. 71, Issue. 02, No.4, April-June: 2022 Page. 63
as against Rs.1,39,75,095 crore of total Deposits of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Other Liabilities
and Provision of Payments Banks amounted to Rs.216 crore as against Rs.8,70,048 crore of total Other
Liabilities and Provision of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Fixed Assets of Payments Banks
amounted to Rs.200 crore as against Rs.1,50,728 crore of total Fixed Assets of Commercial Banks as
on 2019-20,Other Assets of Payments Banks amounted to Rs.263 crore as against Rs.13,19,146 crore
of total Fixed Assets of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20.
Table No-10 :Income and Expenditure of Payments Banks
(Amount in Rs. crore)
Sl.No Items Payments Banks Total % to Total
1. Income 55 14,82,858 12.1
a) Interest Income 46 12,48,435 9.5
b) Other Income 9 2,34,422 28.3
2. Expenditure 389 14,71,947 9.3
a) Interest Expended 14 7,62,794 7.3
b) Operating Expenses 488 3,47,469 13.1
Of which : Wage Bill 264 1,74,354 16.6
c) Provision and Contingencies -112 3,61,685 10.1
3. Operating Profit -446 3,72,595 22.2
4. Net Profit -334 10,911 -1.21
5. Net Interest Income (NII) (1a-2a) 32 4,85,641 13.0
6. Net Interest Margin (NIM) 1.95 2.8 69.64
Source: Consolidated Annual Report of RBI.
Table No-10 Indicates that Income and Expenditure of Payments Banks in India, Income of
Payments banks amounted to Rs.55 crore as against Rs.14,82,858 crore of total Income of Commercial
Banks as on 2019-20, which constitute 12.1 per cent of total Income, Expenditure of Payments banks
amounted to Rs.389 crore as against Rs.14,82,858 crore of total Expenditure of Commercial Banks as
on 2019-20,Operating Profit of Payments banks amounted to Rs.-446 crore as against Rs.3,72,595
crore of total Operating Profit of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20, Net Profit of Payments banks
amounted to Rs.-336 crore as against Rs.10,911 crore of total Net Profit of Commercial Banks as on
2019-20,Net Interest Income of Payments banks amounted to Rs.32 crore as against Rs.4,85,641 crore
of total Net Interest Income of Commercial Banks as on 2019-20,Net Interest Margin of Payments
banks amounted to Rs.1.95 crore as against Rs.2.8 crore of total Net Interest Margin of Commercial
Banks as on 2019-20.
SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION
Banking sector in India is one of the fastest growing sectors with multidimensional services
and features with the help of information and communication technology. The Asset of public sector
banks is stood at Rs. 107.83 lakh crore in 2020. During 2016-2020, bank credit grew at a CAGR of
3.57 per cent. As of 2020, total credit extended surged to US$ 1,698.97 billion. During 2016-2020,
deposits grew at a CAGR of 13.93 per cent and reached US$ 1.93 trillion by 2020. According to the
RBI, bank credit stood at 108.79 trillion and bank deposits are stood at Rs. 155.14 trillion, as of July
16, 2021.Credit to non-food industries stood at Rs. 107.93 trillion, as of July 16, 2021.
Banking sector in India is one of the most dominant part of the economy which decide the flow
and sustainability of economy of the country. After 1991 Indian banking sector become a vibrant and
dominant component of financial system of the country. During 2000, banking industries were
transformed into modern and innovative approaches to offer services to customers and public.
Multidimensional services with cost effective manner. Therefore it is concluded that, a financially
viable banking services can survive in the market and contribute user friendly services to the
customers.
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