12. Energy Consumption And
Waste
–Materials
• oil and water
–Production
• plant, treatment,
and emissions
–Transportation
• distance and mode Flint Hills, Corpus Christi, Texas
14. Price of Bottled Water Vs.
Tap Water
Price of Bottled Water Versus Tap Water
Nestle
PureLife
Ice
Mountain
Pepsi
Aquafina
Coca-Cola
Dasani Evian Fiji
City of
Bloomington
Utilities
24 1/2 liter
bottles or 12 1
L (16.9 fl. Oz.)
(3.17 gallons)
(12 L) $5.29 $5.99 $6.49 $6.99 $19.58 $23.78
0.0067838
cents
If same
amount
bought every
week for a
year (165
gallons) (624 L) $275.08 $311.48 $337.48 $363.48 $1,108.16 $1,236.56 0.3531 cents
15. Is It Worth It?
• 40% of bottled water is just filtered tap
water
• Coke’s Dasani and PepsiCo’s Aquafina are
derived from municipal supplies
16. Conclusion
• Both bottled water and tap water have
own pros and cons
• Both need to be improved
• Large amount of time and money
required
17. Ethics
• Can industry commodify a basic human
right?
• World is at a turning point
• We all need water and should all be
allowed that right
19. Interested? Check These Out
Bottled & Sold:
The Story Behind
Our Obsession
with Bottled
Water (2010)
Peter H. Gleick
Bottlemania: Big
Businesses, Local
Springs, and the
Battle over
America's Drinking
Water (2008)
Elizabeth Royte
Tapped
Documentary
(2009)
20.
21. •Making PET resin
(from raw or
recycled
materials)
Transportation of
PET
•"Blowing" PET
bottles from resin
Transportation of
empty bottles
•Water Processing;
bottling; testing;
labeling
Transportation of
finished product
•Chilling for sale
and use
Transportation
•Collectionand
disposal*
Transportation
•Collection,
processing,
and
recycling*
22. Detected Contaminants Table
Highest Level Highest Level Ideal Goals
Substance Allowed Detected (EPA's MCLG's) Sources of Contamination
(EPA's MCL*)
Microbiological Contaminants
Total Coliform Bacteria 5 percent 3.8 percent 0
Naturally present in the
environment
Heterotrophic Plate Count 500 CFU/ml 22 CFU/ml None
Natural lake bacteria; wildlife;
septic systems
Total Organic Carbon TT* 47% removal average None
Naturally present in the
environment
Turbidity TT* 0.24 NTU None Soil runoff
Cryptosporidium TT* 0.1 oocysts 0
Natural lake bacteria; wildlife;
septic systems
Inorganic Contaminants
Barium 2 ppm 0.015 ppm 2 ppm Erosion of natural deposits
Copper 1.3 ppm 0.044 ppm 1.3 ppm
Corrosion of household
plumbing systems; erosion of
natural deposits
Chloramines (as Chlorine) 4.0 ppm 2.8 ppm 4 ppm
Water additive to control
microbes
Fluoride 4 ppm 1.36 ppm 4 ppm
Water additive which promotes
strong teeth
Nitrate (as Nitrogen) 10 ppm 0.02 ppm 10 ppm
Runoff from fertilizer use;
leachate from septic systems;
erosion of natural deposits
Lead 15 ppb 5.6 ppb 0
Corrosion of household
plumbing systems; erosion of
natural deposits
Organic Compounds
Total Trihalomethanes 80 ppb 65.3 ppb (average) 0
By-product of drinking water
chlorination
Haloacetic Acids 60 ppb 51.1 ppb (average) 0
By-product of drinking water
disinfectant
LISTED ABOVE are the 13 contaminants detected in Bloomington's drinking water during 2009. All are within allowable levels.
Not listed are the over 60 primary contaminants for which we tested that were not detected in Bloomington drinking water.
Treatment Technique (TT): A required process intended to reduce levels of contaminants in water.
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close
to MCLGs as feasible using the best availabe treatment technique
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG): the level of contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or
expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.
