This study analyzed school district performance data from 642 districts in New York State to identify outliers performing better or worse than expected based on socioeconomic factors. The key findings were: 1) Most outlier districts with better than expected elementary or high school performance were located in rural rather than urban areas. 2) The outliers tended to perform well in either elementary or high school, but not both, indicating inconsistent performance across grade levels. 3) District size, income levels, and proximity to colleges were associated with outlier performance patterns.