Feline hypothyrodism
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Hypothyroidism is a common condition among humans and dogs, but it rarely ever spontaneously occurs in cats. Most of the time, this condition in cats is a result of over-treatment of hyperthyroidism, a disease that occurs more frequently.
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Feline hypothyrodism
- 1. Feline hypothyroidism FASLU RAHMAN CK 13-BVP-205 CVAS POOKODE
- 2. THYROID GLANGD • Bilobed • Location- Caudal To Larynx • Indistinct Connecting Isthmus • Ectopic / Accessory Thyroid Tissue
- 3. Only iodinated organic compound in body T4 – main secretary product T3 – more potent than T4 TRH TSH
- 5. Iatrogenic Physician induced Treatment Hyperthyroidism thyroidectomy Surgical removal Radioactive thyroid therapy I 131 Congenital Dyshormonogenesis Dysmorphogenesis
- 6. Adult on set Iodine deficiency Idiopathic atrophy Space occupying tumor Unknown causes
- 7. Most important clinical features
- 9. Congenital hypothyroidism Disproportionate dwarfism Large broad heads Recurrent episodes of constipation DullnessSmall ears Round body Short necks and limbs
- 10. DIAGNOSIS Clinical signs Alopacia Mental dullness Inappetance Weight gain/ obesity Constipation – kitten Disproportionate dwarfism Clinico-pathological Normochromic normocytic anaemia Hypercholesterolaemia
- 11. Thyroid hormone assay Total T4 Euthyroid sick syndrome total T4 can also be suppressed by non-thyroidal illnesses (NTis) in cats systemic illness, the lower the total T4 concentration expected glucocorticoids, phenobarbital and sulphonamides – suppress total T4 serum concentrations Free T4 Dog -specificity for the diagnosis of hypothyroidism cats, with NTis, 6-12% have increased free T4 3-17% have decreased free T4 concentrations limiting the use of free T4 in investigating hypothyroidism
- 14. Endogenous TSH Serum TSH – primary hypothyroidism cTSH should be helpful in discriminating congenital primary from secondary hypothyroidism Dynamic thyroid function tests Bovine TSH and TRH response tests Bovine TSH is no longer available rhTSH response test 1. A blood sample is collected for basal total T4 measurement. 2. 25 microgram rhTSH is administered i.v. 3. A second blood sample is taken 6 hours later.
- 15. Diagnostic imaging Radiography Congenital hypothyroidism retarded skeletal development particularly, a) epiphyseal dysgenesis of vertebral bodies b) long bones
- 16. Thyroid scintigraphy Uptake of technetium as pertechnetate expected finding in adult-onset hypothyroidism is a reduction or absence of uptake of pertechnetate by the thyroid glands
- 17. Scintigraphy with iodine-123 Dysmorphogenesis,an absence of uptake of iodine-123 is expected
- 18. Using a combination of total T4 and cTSH measurements is probably the most efficient and economic way of diagnosing primary hypothyroidism Diagnostic tests such as rhTSH stimulation test or scintigraphy should be considered before initiating trial therapy with levothyroxine
- 19. Treatment Replacement therapy Thyroid hoprmone supplementation @20 microgram per kg Eltroxin tab. Available as 25,50 mg tab.
- 20. Reference
Editor's Notes
- This 5-year-old male neutered Devon Rex cat was presented with a history of lethargy, mental dullness and inappetence. dull, dry and unkempt haircoat seborrhoea sicca. Alopecia of the pinnae haircoat is easily epilated and poor regrowth after clipping
- decrease in growth rate, compared to their littermates, becomes evident by 2 months of age. The same patient (on the left), one year before the onset of clinical signs of hypothyroidism