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Marketing Plan
By:	
  
Phillip	
  Hammer	
  
Leona	
  Lam	
  
Cindy	
  Lu	
  
Duanrui	
  (Gloria)	
  Shi	
  
Eunice	
  Wang	
  
Jingbi	
  (Marina)	
  Yang	
  
 
	
  
	
   2	
  
	
  
	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  
	
   TABLE	
  OF	
  CONTENTS	
  
1. Executive	
  Summary……………………………………………….....2	
  
2. Situation	
  Analysis…………………………………………………......3	
  
i. Customer	
  Analysis…………..…………………………...…3	
  
ii. Competitor	
  Analysis…………………………………….....4	
  
iii. Market	
  Analysis……………………………………………...6	
  
iv. SWOT	
  Analysis………………………………………………..7	
  
3. Recommendations………………………………………………...…..9	
  
i. Marketing	
  Strategy……………………………………...……9	
  
1. Targeting	
  &	
  Positioning……………………………….9	
  
ii. Integrated	
  Marketing	
  Strategy………………………….11	
  
1. Product……………………………………………………...11	
  
2. Price…………………………………………………………..11	
  
3. Place…………………………………………………………..11	
  
4. Promotion…………………………………………………..12	
  
4. References…………………………………………………………………13	
  
	
   	
  
 
	
  
	
   3	
  
	
  
	
  
EXECUTIVE	
  SUMMARY	
  
Vitasoy	
  has	
  already	
  effectively	
  been	
  saturated	
  into	
  the	
  Hong	
  Kong	
  market,	
  
becoming	
  a	
  household	
  name	
  that	
  most	
  hold	
  dear	
  throughout	
  generations	
  as	
  
more	
  and	
  more	
  drinkers	
  are	
  introduced	
  to	
  the	
  Vitasoy	
  through	
  the	
  familial	
  
branding	
  of	
  this	
  product.	
  	
  With	
  the	
  soybean’s	
  increasing	
  popularity	
  due	
  its	
  
health	
  factors,	
  and	
  in	
  addition	
  to	
  the	
  construction	
  of	
  a	
  new	
  plant	
  in	
  Foshan	
  
(Southern	
  China),	
  the	
  Mainland	
  China	
  market	
  makes	
  for	
  an	
  attractive	
  
market	
  for	
  Vitasoy	
  to	
  expand	
  its	
  distribution	
  channel	
  and	
  push	
  its	
  way	
  into	
  
new	
  territories	
  made	
  of	
  millions	
  of	
  potential	
  lifelong	
  consumers.	
  
By	
  asserting	
  Vitasoy’s	
  mission	
  to	
  promote	
  lifelong	
  health	
  for	
  all	
  age	
  groups	
  
through	
  entering	
  the	
  Mainland	
  Chinese	
  market,	
  we	
  will	
  be	
  able	
  to	
  see	
  the	
  
same	
  result	
  that	
  has	
  been	
  seen	
  in	
  Hong	
  Kong.	
  	
  By	
  bringing	
  more	
  awareness	
  
to	
  the	
  Mainland	
  market,	
  we	
  plan	
  to	
  create	
  Vitasoy	
  as	
  a	
  brand	
  that	
  is	
  not	
  only	
  
health-­‐conscious	
  but	
  family	
  oriented	
  as	
  well,	
  which	
  is	
  best	
  done	
  by	
  reaching	
  
out	
  to	
  the	
  youths	
  of	
  today	
  who	
  will	
  become	
  the	
  future	
  of	
  tomorrow,	
  passing	
  
along	
  their	
  brand	
  loyalty	
  to	
  their	
  families.	
  Long-­‐term	
  relationships	
  with	
  
customers	
  are	
  extremely	
  valuable	
  because	
  customers	
  are	
  consistent	
  sources	
  
of	
  positive	
  word-­‐of-­‐mouth	
  and	
  product	
  consumption.	
  	
  
In	
  order	
  to	
  promote	
  Vitasoy	
  as	
  a	
  nutritious	
  and	
  inclusive	
  drink	
  for	
  those	
  of	
  
all	
  ages,	
  ideals	
  valued	
  by	
  these	
  consumers	
  will	
  be	
  considered	
  when	
  it	
  comes	
  
to	
  the	
  Vitasoy	
  campaign.	
  	
  The	
  use	
  of	
  celebrities	
  who	
  project	
  a	
  wholesome	
  
image	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  interaction	
  with	
  the	
  consumer	
  will	
  be	
  considered	
  as	
  tactics	
  
to	
  connect	
  with	
  the	
  mainland	
  audience.	
  
	
   	
  
 
	
  
	
   4	
  
	
  
SITUATION	
  ANALYSIS	
  
Customer	
  Analysis	
  
Personal: Research has shown that soymilk can benefit women’s health because
it can reduce the risk of breast cancer by more than 30% for Asian women who
have habitually drinking soymilk. As for children, there is no doubt they are in
desperate need of protein, necessary for growing children. Vitasoy’s soymilk has
many flavors such as strawberry and chocolate, all of which can attract children
to drink an otherwise plain old healthy drink. In addition, protein is also of great
importance for senior citizens. It can maintain the metabolism of the body,
enhance the immune system and assist in aging gracefully. In fact, people
demand more protein as they age. Thus, soymilk is a good choice for women,
children and also senior citizens.
Cultural: About 2000 years ago, the king of the western Han dynasty started to
make soymilk for his mother, showing that soymilk has had a long history in
China, just as coffee has in western countries. Soy is so imbedded in Asian
culture that it goes beyond just beverage, but there is food made from soybeans
as well, Tofu for example. Many nutrition experts think that soy based foods
make digestion and absorption of nutrients easier for those from Asian countries.
Psychological: There are various ways for people to gain protein and many think
drinking soy milk is the healthiest way compared to eating meat or protein
powder. As a result, many believe herbs and vegetables have fewer side effects
than animal and medical products, so soymilk is their best choice. Furthermore,
Vitasoy was established in 1940’s and has become a happy memory in many
Hong Kong citizens’ minds. People may feel warm when drinking Vitasoy in
cold winter because it can remind them the happiest time they had in childhood.
Moreover, if in a family grandparents drink Vitasoy, younger generations may
follow suit.
 
	
  
	
   5	
  
Competitor Analysis
Nestle:	
  The	
  world’s	
  leading	
  Nutrition	
  and	
  Health	
  Company.	
  Nestle	
  is	
  an	
  
international	
  company,	
  well	
  known	
  in	
  the	
  world,	
  including	
  the	
  Chinese	
  and	
  
Hong	
  Kong	
  market.	
  They	
  offer	
  a	
  large	
  variety	
  of	
  products,	
  from	
  baby	
  food	
  to	
  
bottled	
  water	
  to	
  ice	
  cream	
  and	
  so	
  on.	
  The	
  vision	
  of	
  this	
  company	
  is	
  to	
  better	
  
the	
  lives	
  of	
  their	
  customers	
  by	
  offering	
  healthy	
  foods,	
  as	
  is	
  reflected	
  in	
  their	
  
slogan:	
  “Good	
  Food	
  and	
  Good	
  Life”.	
  They	
  provide	
  different	
  products	
  in	
  
different	
  countries;	
  in	
  the	
  Hong	
  Kong	
  market,	
  Nestle	
  produces	
  soymilk	
  for	
  
its	
  Asian	
  audience,	
  and	
  thus	
  became	
  Vitasoy’s	
  competitor.	
  Nestle	
  has	
  also	
  
shifted	
  their	
  targeted	
  demographic	
  from	
  teenagers	
  to	
  mothers	
  such	
  that	
  the	
  
whole	
  family	
  may	
  find	
  a	
  drink	
  suited	
  to	
  their	
  taste.	
  	
  
Yeo’s:	
  An	
  international	
  corporation	
  and	
  drink	
  manufacturer.	
  The	
  main	
  
products	
  in	
  Yeo	
  are	
  food	
  and	
  beverages.	
  Yeo’s	
  offers	
  many	
  different	
  kinds	
  of	
  
beverages	
  in	
  the	
  market,	
  such	
  as	
  Asian	
  drinks,	
  ready-­‐to-­‐drink	
  tea,	
  soymilk	
  
and	
  so	
  on.	
  Yeo’s	
  emphasizes	
  product	
  innovation,	
  as	
  reflected	
  in	
  the	
  
thousands	
  of	
  drinks	
  that	
  they	
  offer	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  reach	
  a	
  larger	
  market	
  and	
  
cater	
  to	
  the	
  varying	
  demands	
  of	
  different	
  consumer	
  groups.	
  The	
  main	
  
market	
  for	
  Yeo’s	
  is	
  the	
  Asian	
  market.	
  In	
  order	
  to	
  satisfy	
  those	
  customers,	
  
Yeo’s	
  developed	
  a	
  series	
  of	
  drinks	
  called	
  the	
  Asian	
  drink.	
  This	
  line	
  of	
  
traditional	
  drinks,	
  provides	
  chrysanthemum	
  tea,	
  winter	
  melon	
  tea,	
  
sugarcane	
  drink	
  and	
  so	
  on,	
  is	
  more	
  popular	
  among	
  adults	
  and	
  seniors.	
  Yeo’s	
  
is	
  well	
  known	
  by	
  local	
  Hong	
  Kong	
  citizens,	
  and	
  to	
  some,	
  these	
  drinks	
  remind	
  
hem	
  of	
  their	
  childhood.	
  Compared	
  to	
  other	
  markets	
  such	
  as	
  Mainland	
  China,	
  
Yeo’s	
  has	
  better	
  market	
  performance	
  in	
  Hong	
  Kong.	
  
Yili:	
  A	
  Mongolian	
  industrial	
  group	
  which	
  advocates	
  the	
  health	
  benefits	
  of	
  
nourishing	
  drinks	
  which	
  focuses	
  on	
  5	
  major	
  sectors:	
  liquid	
  milk,	
  ice	
  cream,	
  
milk	
  powder,	
  yogurt,	
  and	
  raw	
  milk.	
  The	
  marketing	
  campaign	
  of	
  Yili	
  centers	
  	
  
	
  
 
	
  
	
   6	
  
	
  
on	
  celebrity	
  endorsements,	
  seen	
  through	
  the	
  images	
  of	
  celebrities	
  on	
  the	
  
product	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  advertising	
  campaigns.	
  This	
  distinguishing	
  feature	
  
separates	
  Yili	
  from	
  Vitasoy,	
  giving	
  Yili	
  a	
  comparative	
  advantage	
  in	
  a	
  culture	
  
that	
  values	
  opinions	
  and	
  support	
  of	
  well-­‐known	
  stars.	
  Yili	
  also	
  sponsored	
  
the	
  2008	
  Beijing	
  Olympic	
  Games	
  and	
  the	
  Shanghai	
  World	
  Expo,	
  bringing	
  
more	
  awareness	
  to	
  the	
  Yili	
  brand.	
  Yili	
  has	
  a	
  very	
  large	
  share	
  in	
  the	
  Chinese	
  
market,	
  establishing	
  itself	
  as	
  a	
  drink	
  of	
  the	
  masses.	
  However,	
  it	
  has	
  a	
  very	
  
small	
  market	
  in	
  Hong	
  Kong,	
  and	
  is	
  not	
  considered	
  to	
  be	
  a	
  strong	
  threat	
  to	
  
Vitasoy	
  there.	
  
	
  
Similarities:	
  There	
  is	
  one	
  major	
  similarity	
  amongst	
  the	
  four	
  brands:	
  
promotion	
  of	
  health	
  drink	
  that	
  is	
  currently	
  high	
  in	
  demand.	
  As	
  people	
  obtain	
  
a	
  higher	
  living	
  standard	
  than	
  before,	
  they	
  are	
  also	
  becoming	
  more	
  
concerned	
  with	
  nutrition	
  and	
  health.	
  By	
  following	
  such	
  market	
  trends,	
  and	
  
selling	
  products	
  at	
  affordable	
  prices,	
  the	
  competitors	
  of	
  Vitasoy	
  have	
  been	
  
able	
  to	
  achieve	
  success	
  respectively.	
  
Due	
  to	
  the	
  similarity	
  among	
  those	
  brands,	
  Vitasoy	
  has	
  no	
  advantage	
  in	
  
promoting	
  itself	
  as	
  primarily	
  a	
  health	
  drink.	
  
Differences:	
  Although	
  these	
  four	
  brands	
  sell	
  similar	
  products,	
  they	
  have	
  
different	
  market	
  performances	
  in	
  the	
  markets	
  of	
  Mainland	
  China	
  and	
  Hong	
  
Kong.	
  This	
  may	
  be	
  due	
  to	
  cultural	
  differences,	
  leading	
  to	
  different	
  reception	
  
of	
  different	
  brands.	
  Nestle,	
  being	
  an	
  international	
  brand,	
  is	
  more	
  welcomed	
  
by	
  the	
  younger	
  generation	
  in	
  both	
  Mainland	
  China	
  and	
  Hong	
  Kong.	
  Vitasoy	
  
and	
  Yeo’s	
  are	
  local	
  Hong	
  Kong	
  brands	
  that	
  have	
  become	
  a	
  part	
  of	
  the	
  local	
  
lifestyle,	
  providing	
  products	
  that	
  target	
  the	
  Asian	
  population.	
  Comparing	
  
Yeo’s	
  to	
  Vitasoy,	
  our	
  research	
  suggests	
  that	
  the	
  latter	
  is	
  more	
  popular	
  in	
  the	
  
Hong	
  Kong	
  market.	
  
 
	
  
	
   7	
  
	
  
However,	
  in	
  the	
  mainland	
  market,	
  Yili	
  is	
  the	
  winner	
  among	
  those	
  four	
  
brands.	
  As	
  mentioned	
  before,	
  Yili	
  promotes	
  their	
  products	
  by	
  using	
  celebrity	
  
endorsements,	
  which	
  is	
  a	
  good	
  way	
  to	
  use	
  in	
  mainland	
  market.	
  People	
  in	
  
China	
  are	
  getting	
  used	
  to	
  seeing	
  advertisements	
  with	
  celebrities.	
  	
  If	
  Vitasoy	
  
wants	
  to	
  expand	
  the	
  to	
  the	
  China	
  market,	
  it	
  should	
  do	
  something	
  similar	
  as	
  
Yili	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  target	
  people	
  in	
  Mainland	
  China.	
  
	
  
Market Analysis
Macroeconomic	
  forces:	
  
	
   Demographic	
  forces:	
  VitaSoy	
  offers	
  a	
  large	
  range	
  of	
  suitable	
  beverages	
  for	
  
consumers	
  of	
  all	
  ages.	
  	
  The	
  drinks	
  that	
  are	
  produced	
  target	
  all	
  different	
  
consumers.	
  
	
   Economic	
  forces:	
  The	
  recent	
  global	
  economic	
  slowdown	
  in	
  the	
  various	
  
major	
  markets	
  has	
  negatively	
  impacted	
  the	
  sales	
  of	
  VitaSoy.	
  	
  The	
  slowdown	
  
led	
  to	
  a	
  decrease	
  in	
  overall	
  consumer	
  spending.	
  	
  There	
  has	
  also	
  been	
  
inflationary	
  pressure	
  and	
  rising	
  wages	
  globally,	
  leading	
  to	
  increasing	
  costs	
  
for	
  VitaSoy.	
  	
  The	
  volatile	
  employment	
  environment	
  has	
  also	
  posed	
  
challenges	
  for	
  VitaSoy.	
  
	
   Natural	
  forces:	
  	
  In	
  the	
  past	
  two	
  years,	
  there	
  has	
  been	
  unexpected	
  
downtime	
  at	
  various	
  VitaSoy	
  operations	
  due	
  to	
  severe	
  weather	
  conditions.	
  	
  
As	
  a	
  result,	
  there	
  were	
  production	
  delays	
  and	
  logistical	
  delays.	
  
	
   Cultural	
  forces:	
  	
  In	
  Hong	
  Kong,	
  there	
  has	
  been	
  a	
  trend	
  of	
  having	
  a	
  healthy	
  
and	
  on-­‐the-­‐go	
  lifestyle.	
  	
  Drinking	
  VitaSoy	
  products	
  in	
  moderation	
  fits	
  this	
  
type	
  of	
  lifestyle.	
  
	
  
 
	
  
	
   8	
  
	
  
Microeconomic	
  forces:	
  
	
   The	
  company:	
  VitaSoy	
  is	
  based	
  in	
  Hong	
  Kong	
  and	
  its	
  main	
  function	
  is	
  the	
  
manufacturer	
  and	
  distributor	
  of	
  food	
  and	
  beverages	
  products.	
  
	
   Suppliers:	
  	
  The	
  largest	
  supplier	
  accounts	
  for	
  23	
  percent	
  of	
  total	
  purchases	
  
and	
  the	
  five	
  largest	
  suppliers	
  account	
  for	
  30	
  percent	
  of	
  total	
  purchases.	
  	
  This	
  
is	
  potentially	
  detrimental	
  because	
  if	
  anything	
  happens	
  to	
  the	
  business	
  of	
  
these	
  suppliers,	
  significant	
  portions	
  of	
  VitaSoy’s	
  purchases	
  are	
  in	
  danger.	
  
	
   Marketing	
  Intermediaries:	
  VitaSoy	
  does	
  not	
  have	
  its	
  own	
  retail	
  shops	
  and	
  
third	
  parties	
  such	
  as	
  supermarkets	
  and	
  convenience	
  stores	
  sell	
  all	
  VitaSoy	
  
products.	
  
	
   Customers:	
  	
  The	
  largest	
  customer	
  accounts	
  for	
  6	
  percent	
  of	
  total	
  sales	
  and	
  
the	
  five	
  largest	
  customers	
  account	
  for	
  20	
  percent	
  of	
  total	
  sales.	
  	
  This	
  is	
  
potentially	
  unfavorable	
  because	
  if	
  anything	
  happened	
  to	
  the	
  business	
  of	
  
these	
  customers,	
  one-­‐fifth	
  of	
  VitaSoy’s	
  sales	
  are	
  in	
  danger.	
  
	
   Competitors:	
  There	
  is	
  intense	
  competition	
  among	
  brands	
  and	
  across	
  food	
  
and	
  drink	
  categories	
  especially	
  with	
  the	
  influx	
  of	
  Japanese,	
  Korean,	
  and	
  
Taiwanese	
  drinks.	
  
	
  
SWOT	
  Analysis:	
  
Strengths:	
  VitaSoy	
  has	
  strong	
  brand	
  equity,	
  so	
  when	
  people	
  hear	
  “VitaSoy,”	
  
they	
  associate	
  it	
  with	
  a	
  strong	
  sense	
  of	
  credibility.	
  	
  The	
  company	
  also	
  has	
  a	
  
good	
  local	
  reputation	
  because	
  the	
  people	
  in	
  Hong	
  Kong	
  have	
  been	
  drinking	
  
VitaSoy	
  for	
  many	
  generations.	
  	
  VitaSoy	
  has	
  also	
  successfully	
  penetrated	
  into	
  
overseas	
  markets	
  and	
  can	
  be	
  found	
  in	
  North	
  America,	
  Australia	
  and	
  New	
  
Zealand,	
  and	
  Singapore.	
  	
  The	
  company	
  offers	
  a	
  diverse	
  selection	
  of	
  products	
  
including	
  soymilk,	
  tea,	
  tofu,	
  lunch	
  box	
  and	
  snacks,	
  dairy	
  milk,	
  distilled	
  water,	
  	
  
 
	
  
	
   9	
  
	
  
and	
  juice	
  drinks.	
  	
  These	
  products	
  are	
  distributed	
  through	
  many	
  different	
  
channels.	
  
Weaknesses:	
  VitaSoy	
  products	
  and	
  drinks	
  are	
  only	
  top	
  of	
  mind	
  in	
  Hong	
  
Kong.	
  	
  While	
  in	
  other	
  places,	
  VitaSoy	
  products	
  are	
  only	
  either	
  brand	
  recall	
  or	
  
brand	
  recognition	
  on	
  the	
  brand	
  awareness	
  pyramid.	
  	
  Therefore,	
  VitaSoy	
  
only	
  has	
  a	
  relatively	
  small	
  market	
  share	
  in	
  other	
  countries.	
  	
  Another	
  
weakness	
  is	
  that	
  most	
  of	
  the	
  VitaSoy	
  drinks	
  have	
  large	
  sugar	
  contents	
  and	
  
this	
  generates	
  some	
  criticism.	
  
Opportunities:	
  Soymilk	
  is	
  increasing	
  in	
  popularity	
  because	
  the	
  antioxidants	
  
in	
  the	
  soybeans	
  have	
  been	
  found	
  to	
  prevent	
  cancer.	
  	
  VitaSoy	
  has	
  built	
  a	
  new	
  
plant	
  capacity	
  in	
  Foshan,	
  Southern	
  China	
  in	
  hopes	
  of	
  expanding	
  its	
  
distribution	
  channels	
  and	
  widening	
  its	
  territorial	
  foothold	
  in	
  Mainland	
  
China.	
  	
  The	
  company	
  has	
  also	
  penetrated	
  the	
  plastic	
  bottled	
  drinks	
  segment	
  
in	
  Hong	
  Kong	
  and	
  this	
  can	
  compete	
  with	
  the	
  influx	
  of	
  foreign	
  drinks.	
  
Threats:	
  VitaSoy	
  continues	
  to	
  face	
  increasing	
  labor	
  costs	
  and	
  logistical	
  costs.	
  	
  
The	
  increasingly	
  competitive	
  landscape	
  also	
  threatens	
  VitaSoy’s	
  sales.	
  
	
   	
  
 
	
  
	
   10	
  
	
  
RECOMMENDATION	
  	
  
By	
  asserting	
  Vitasoy’s	
  mission	
  to	
  promote	
  lifelong	
  health	
  for	
  all	
  age	
  groups,	
  
we	
  hope	
  that	
  by	
  entering	
  the	
  Mainland	
  Chinese	
  market,	
  we	
  will	
  nurture	
  
lifelong	
  customer	
  relationships	
  with	
  the	
  youth	
  (and	
  in	
  turn,	
  the	
  entire	
  family	
  
unit).	
  Seeing	
  the	
  results	
  of	
  similar	
  approaches	
  in	
  Hong	
  Kong,	
  this	
  can	
  lead	
  to	
  
positive	
  future	
  outcomes	
  as	
  future	
  generations	
  become	
  repeat	
  consumers.	
  	
  
Long-­‐term	
  relationships	
  with	
  customers	
  are	
  extremely	
  valuable	
  because	
  
customers	
  are	
  consistent	
  sources	
  of	
  positive	
  word-­‐of-­‐mouth	
  and	
  product	
  
consumption.	
  	
  
	
  
Marketing	
  Strategy	
  
Segmentation: Vitasoy has segmented the market in several major ways,
including by demographics, geography, Psychographic, and Behavioral. 	
  
Geographic: Vitasoy currently operates in 40 different countries, and has
split the world into five major segments; Mainland China, Hong Kong and
Macau, North America, Australia and New Zealand, and Singapore. Out of these
groupings, Mainland China remains the most important segment, as it has the
largest population, a growing middle class, and a low level of consumer
identification with the Vitasoy brand. This low level of saturation makes the
mainland a more attractive area of expansion than Hong Kong, as there is a much
larger proportion of the population that can be tapped.
Demographics: We have aimed to target all ages, all income levels, and
continue to establish our products as naturally inclusive; appealing to people
from across many demographics can enjoy this product. The company has been
especially focused on attracting the youth to Vitasoy products so that we can
build long-term relationships with these customers for decades. Making an
impact on young consumers is crucial for our long-term
 
	
  
	
   11	
  
sustainability. Consumers whom we are able to build long-term relationships
with are naturally more profitable than one-time customers, as they offer more
than sales, by providing positive word of mouth. In addition, because of our
family-oriented market strategy, establishing these relationships can yield
positive results as the entire family unit, with multigenerational potential, adopts
our product.
Psychographic: Vitasoy has worked to present itself as a conservative,
family oriented company that can appeal to the family unit. We have family
friendly commercials that promote a positive message of togetherness. Our
“Stand By Me” campaign, for instance, shows people from all walks of life
drinking various Vitasoy products in a variety of environments, all singing one
song together. This contrast greatly with traditional commercials from
competitors like Coke, which runs ads featuring sultry actresses in sports cars,
drinking Coke and conveying poor family values. We are looking to target the
market of the health conscious consumer, and making the case that Vitasoy is a
healthy, delicious, cheap, and convenient substitute to most other
products. Vitasoy can be consumed at any point in the day, but it has been
shown to be a convenient morning beverage that helps start the day off right.
Behavioral: Our marketing scheme aims to target the low loyalty, light use,
low brand recognition, and high potential consumers. We acknowledge that
targeting our most loyal customers is unlikely to result in high returns, as these
consumers are usually near their upper limits in consumption potential. Instead,
by focusing on people who are less committed to the Vitasoy brand, we have
much more potential to grow. In addition, we hope that there will be a positive
spillover effect for our loyal users. While our commercials are aimed at
attracting new customers, they will also have the benefit of reaching loyal
customers, and reinforce their level of satisfaction with our brand.
 
	
  
	
   12	
  
Positioning: We hope to achieve a level of brand positioning in which we can
reinforce a sense of nostalgic familiarity for parents, and bridge the generation
gap between children and adults. The long history of Vitasoy means that we
have sold our goods to many generations, and we hope that our products will act
as a bridge through time, allowing parents and their children to have a common
bond. We also hope to position Vitasoy to be perceived as health conscious and
delicious. It is important to the long-term success of the company that our
consumers are aware of the health benefits associated with the Vitasoy
brand. Finally, because they are one of our most critical demographics, it is
critical that we maintain a brand image of youth-friendliness in order to attract
new and youthful consumers.
	
  
Integrated	
  Marketing	
  Strategy	
  
Product: The product we are focusing on is the soy milk, tea, and juice sector of
Vitasoy. The product branding positioning taken as a part of this campaign is
“sincerity”. Our marketing campaign will center on family values—so our
product will convey the message of being beneficial to the family and it’s health.
Price: The strategy we want to use for this campaign is penetration. Thus we
want our product to be produced on a large scale at a low cost. This way,
everyone, no matter what income level they belong to, will be able to afford this
product.
Place: Since we want our product to be thoroughly accessible in the market, we
want Vitasoy to be available in the most convenient locations for the consumers.
Currently in China, we have noticed from personal experience that many
convenience stores do not carry Vitasoy products. Since our target is on family
and children, we want our product to be in areas where children are in. This
includes classrooms, playgrounds and other youth-orientated areas. In Hong
Kong, there is a high use of vending machines in areas such as schools. We will
try to bring this model to China. Euromonitor International did a study on
 
	
  
	
   13	
  
vending machines in developing countries (n.d.). In Japan, there are very low
rates of vandalism because it is a relatively safe country (Spacey, 2012). In
contrast, China is still a developing country but growth for vending machines is
still on the rise.
Promotion: In order to focus on our “target”, we plan to use promotion in order
to reach our consumers—especially students and the younger generation so that
these purchasing behaviors can stay with them even as they mature.
Public Relations: First off, the competitor brand “Yili” is doing extremely
well in China. Their main strategy is to use celebrity endorsers. For example Yili
uses celebrity images on their products and uses them in all promotional
campaigns across the field. The reason why they are so successful is because this
is aligned with the consumers taste in China. Celebrities are a huge part of
Chinese culture since the Chinese place a great amount of trust amongst
celebrities. For our campaign we will use relevant celebrities that have a “family”
orientated image--viewed by the community as having a healthy lifestyle.
Sales Promotion: Since our target is the youth, we want our campaigns to be
tech-savvy. It is easy to capture the younger generation with new technologies as
they use it quite often. One sale promotion campaign is to have QR codes on the
Vitasoy boxes to scan. After scanning a certain number, they will be able to
obtain a prize –such as a Vitasoy pedometer. This interactive experience engages
the users, while allowing them to share their achievements on social media sites.
Another sales promotion campaign is to give Vitasoy coupons in taxis after users
enter their phone numbers in TouchMedia’s monitor.
Social Media: This campaign is aligned with the public relations campaign.
Celebrities would use Weibo to endorse Vitasoy. This way the consumers can
see the product being tied to their favorite star.
Advertising: We would use vending machines in high profile areas. This not
only gains the attention of many but also increases sales—serving a dual purpose.
 
	
  
	
   14	
  
As mentioned before, these vending machines would have extra security to
ensure that vandalism is kept to a minimum.
	
  
 
	
  
	
   15	
  
	
   	
  
	
   REFERENCES	
  
"The Battle of the Brands: Winners and Losers in the Culture Wars." Yahoo!
Finance. PR Newswire, 21 Mar. 2013. Web. 20 July 2013.
Lau, Adaline. "Vitasoy Makes HK$10m Brand Investment." Marketing, ,
HONG KONG, MARKETING, Campaigns, Out Of Home,. Marketing-
Interactive, 9 July 2013. Web. 9 July 2013.
Spacey, John. "Vending Machines in Japan: 5.6 Million Robots Can't Be
Wrong." Japan Talk. N.p., 12 Aug. 2012. Web. 19 July 2013.
<http://www.japan-talk.com/jt/new/vending-machines-in-Japan>.
"Vending in emerging countries." Market Research World. N.p., n.d. Web. 18
July 2013. <http://www.marketresearchworld.net/content/view/157/77/>.
"VITASOY International Holdings Ltd." VITASOY International Holdings
Ltd. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 July 2013.
Wang, Jasmine. "Vitasoy Finds Favour amid Milk Scandal." South China
Morning Post. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 July 2013.
	
  

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[FBEC 2002] Marketing Report

  • 1.     Marketing Plan By:   Phillip  Hammer   Leona  Lam   Cindy  Lu   Duanrui  (Gloria)  Shi   Eunice  Wang   Jingbi  (Marina)  Yang  
  • 2.       2                 TABLE  OF  CONTENTS   1. Executive  Summary……………………………………………….....2   2. Situation  Analysis…………………………………………………......3   i. Customer  Analysis…………..…………………………...…3   ii. Competitor  Analysis…………………………………….....4   iii. Market  Analysis……………………………………………...6   iv. SWOT  Analysis………………………………………………..7   3. Recommendations………………………………………………...…..9   i. Marketing  Strategy……………………………………...……9   1. Targeting  &  Positioning……………………………….9   ii. Integrated  Marketing  Strategy………………………….11   1. Product……………………………………………………...11   2. Price…………………………………………………………..11   3. Place…………………………………………………………..11   4. Promotion…………………………………………………..12   4. References…………………………………………………………………13      
  • 3.       3       EXECUTIVE  SUMMARY   Vitasoy  has  already  effectively  been  saturated  into  the  Hong  Kong  market,   becoming  a  household  name  that  most  hold  dear  throughout  generations  as   more  and  more  drinkers  are  introduced  to  the  Vitasoy  through  the  familial   branding  of  this  product.    With  the  soybean’s  increasing  popularity  due  its   health  factors,  and  in  addition  to  the  construction  of  a  new  plant  in  Foshan   (Southern  China),  the  Mainland  China  market  makes  for  an  attractive   market  for  Vitasoy  to  expand  its  distribution  channel  and  push  its  way  into   new  territories  made  of  millions  of  potential  lifelong  consumers.   By  asserting  Vitasoy’s  mission  to  promote  lifelong  health  for  all  age  groups   through  entering  the  Mainland  Chinese  market,  we  will  be  able  to  see  the   same  result  that  has  been  seen  in  Hong  Kong.    By  bringing  more  awareness   to  the  Mainland  market,  we  plan  to  create  Vitasoy  as  a  brand  that  is  not  only   health-­‐conscious  but  family  oriented  as  well,  which  is  best  done  by  reaching   out  to  the  youths  of  today  who  will  become  the  future  of  tomorrow,  passing   along  their  brand  loyalty  to  their  families.  Long-­‐term  relationships  with   customers  are  extremely  valuable  because  customers  are  consistent  sources   of  positive  word-­‐of-­‐mouth  and  product  consumption.     In  order  to  promote  Vitasoy  as  a  nutritious  and  inclusive  drink  for  those  of   all  ages,  ideals  valued  by  these  consumers  will  be  considered  when  it  comes   to  the  Vitasoy  campaign.    The  use  of  celebrities  who  project  a  wholesome   image  as  well  as  interaction  with  the  consumer  will  be  considered  as  tactics   to  connect  with  the  mainland  audience.      
  • 4.       4     SITUATION  ANALYSIS   Customer  Analysis   Personal: Research has shown that soymilk can benefit women’s health because it can reduce the risk of breast cancer by more than 30% for Asian women who have habitually drinking soymilk. As for children, there is no doubt they are in desperate need of protein, necessary for growing children. Vitasoy’s soymilk has many flavors such as strawberry and chocolate, all of which can attract children to drink an otherwise plain old healthy drink. In addition, protein is also of great importance for senior citizens. It can maintain the metabolism of the body, enhance the immune system and assist in aging gracefully. In fact, people demand more protein as they age. Thus, soymilk is a good choice for women, children and also senior citizens. Cultural: About 2000 years ago, the king of the western Han dynasty started to make soymilk for his mother, showing that soymilk has had a long history in China, just as coffee has in western countries. Soy is so imbedded in Asian culture that it goes beyond just beverage, but there is food made from soybeans as well, Tofu for example. Many nutrition experts think that soy based foods make digestion and absorption of nutrients easier for those from Asian countries. Psychological: There are various ways for people to gain protein and many think drinking soy milk is the healthiest way compared to eating meat or protein powder. As a result, many believe herbs and vegetables have fewer side effects than animal and medical products, so soymilk is their best choice. Furthermore, Vitasoy was established in 1940’s and has become a happy memory in many Hong Kong citizens’ minds. People may feel warm when drinking Vitasoy in cold winter because it can remind them the happiest time they had in childhood. Moreover, if in a family grandparents drink Vitasoy, younger generations may follow suit.
  • 5.       5   Competitor Analysis Nestle:  The  world’s  leading  Nutrition  and  Health  Company.  Nestle  is  an   international  company,  well  known  in  the  world,  including  the  Chinese  and   Hong  Kong  market.  They  offer  a  large  variety  of  products,  from  baby  food  to   bottled  water  to  ice  cream  and  so  on.  The  vision  of  this  company  is  to  better   the  lives  of  their  customers  by  offering  healthy  foods,  as  is  reflected  in  their   slogan:  “Good  Food  and  Good  Life”.  They  provide  different  products  in   different  countries;  in  the  Hong  Kong  market,  Nestle  produces  soymilk  for   its  Asian  audience,  and  thus  became  Vitasoy’s  competitor.  Nestle  has  also   shifted  their  targeted  demographic  from  teenagers  to  mothers  such  that  the   whole  family  may  find  a  drink  suited  to  their  taste.     Yeo’s:  An  international  corporation  and  drink  manufacturer.  The  main   products  in  Yeo  are  food  and  beverages.  Yeo’s  offers  many  different  kinds  of   beverages  in  the  market,  such  as  Asian  drinks,  ready-­‐to-­‐drink  tea,  soymilk   and  so  on.  Yeo’s  emphasizes  product  innovation,  as  reflected  in  the   thousands  of  drinks  that  they  offer  in  order  to  reach  a  larger  market  and   cater  to  the  varying  demands  of  different  consumer  groups.  The  main   market  for  Yeo’s  is  the  Asian  market.  In  order  to  satisfy  those  customers,   Yeo’s  developed  a  series  of  drinks  called  the  Asian  drink.  This  line  of   traditional  drinks,  provides  chrysanthemum  tea,  winter  melon  tea,   sugarcane  drink  and  so  on,  is  more  popular  among  adults  and  seniors.  Yeo’s   is  well  known  by  local  Hong  Kong  citizens,  and  to  some,  these  drinks  remind   hem  of  their  childhood.  Compared  to  other  markets  such  as  Mainland  China,   Yeo’s  has  better  market  performance  in  Hong  Kong.   Yili:  A  Mongolian  industrial  group  which  advocates  the  health  benefits  of   nourishing  drinks  which  focuses  on  5  major  sectors:  liquid  milk,  ice  cream,   milk  powder,  yogurt,  and  raw  milk.  The  marketing  campaign  of  Yili  centers      
  • 6.       6     on  celebrity  endorsements,  seen  through  the  images  of  celebrities  on  the   product  as  well  as  advertising  campaigns.  This  distinguishing  feature   separates  Yili  from  Vitasoy,  giving  Yili  a  comparative  advantage  in  a  culture   that  values  opinions  and  support  of  well-­‐known  stars.  Yili  also  sponsored   the  2008  Beijing  Olympic  Games  and  the  Shanghai  World  Expo,  bringing   more  awareness  to  the  Yili  brand.  Yili  has  a  very  large  share  in  the  Chinese   market,  establishing  itself  as  a  drink  of  the  masses.  However,  it  has  a  very   small  market  in  Hong  Kong,  and  is  not  considered  to  be  a  strong  threat  to   Vitasoy  there.     Similarities:  There  is  one  major  similarity  amongst  the  four  brands:   promotion  of  health  drink  that  is  currently  high  in  demand.  As  people  obtain   a  higher  living  standard  than  before,  they  are  also  becoming  more   concerned  with  nutrition  and  health.  By  following  such  market  trends,  and   selling  products  at  affordable  prices,  the  competitors  of  Vitasoy  have  been   able  to  achieve  success  respectively.   Due  to  the  similarity  among  those  brands,  Vitasoy  has  no  advantage  in   promoting  itself  as  primarily  a  health  drink.   Differences:  Although  these  four  brands  sell  similar  products,  they  have   different  market  performances  in  the  markets  of  Mainland  China  and  Hong   Kong.  This  may  be  due  to  cultural  differences,  leading  to  different  reception   of  different  brands.  Nestle,  being  an  international  brand,  is  more  welcomed   by  the  younger  generation  in  both  Mainland  China  and  Hong  Kong.  Vitasoy   and  Yeo’s  are  local  Hong  Kong  brands  that  have  become  a  part  of  the  local   lifestyle,  providing  products  that  target  the  Asian  population.  Comparing   Yeo’s  to  Vitasoy,  our  research  suggests  that  the  latter  is  more  popular  in  the   Hong  Kong  market.  
  • 7.       7     However,  in  the  mainland  market,  Yili  is  the  winner  among  those  four   brands.  As  mentioned  before,  Yili  promotes  their  products  by  using  celebrity   endorsements,  which  is  a  good  way  to  use  in  mainland  market.  People  in   China  are  getting  used  to  seeing  advertisements  with  celebrities.    If  Vitasoy   wants  to  expand  the  to  the  China  market,  it  should  do  something  similar  as   Yili  in  order  to  target  people  in  Mainland  China.     Market Analysis Macroeconomic  forces:     Demographic  forces:  VitaSoy  offers  a  large  range  of  suitable  beverages  for   consumers  of  all  ages.    The  drinks  that  are  produced  target  all  different   consumers.     Economic  forces:  The  recent  global  economic  slowdown  in  the  various   major  markets  has  negatively  impacted  the  sales  of  VitaSoy.    The  slowdown   led  to  a  decrease  in  overall  consumer  spending.    There  has  also  been   inflationary  pressure  and  rising  wages  globally,  leading  to  increasing  costs   for  VitaSoy.    The  volatile  employment  environment  has  also  posed   challenges  for  VitaSoy.     Natural  forces:    In  the  past  two  years,  there  has  been  unexpected   downtime  at  various  VitaSoy  operations  due  to  severe  weather  conditions.     As  a  result,  there  were  production  delays  and  logistical  delays.     Cultural  forces:    In  Hong  Kong,  there  has  been  a  trend  of  having  a  healthy   and  on-­‐the-­‐go  lifestyle.    Drinking  VitaSoy  products  in  moderation  fits  this   type  of  lifestyle.    
  • 8.       8     Microeconomic  forces:     The  company:  VitaSoy  is  based  in  Hong  Kong  and  its  main  function  is  the   manufacturer  and  distributor  of  food  and  beverages  products.     Suppliers:    The  largest  supplier  accounts  for  23  percent  of  total  purchases   and  the  five  largest  suppliers  account  for  30  percent  of  total  purchases.    This   is  potentially  detrimental  because  if  anything  happens  to  the  business  of   these  suppliers,  significant  portions  of  VitaSoy’s  purchases  are  in  danger.     Marketing  Intermediaries:  VitaSoy  does  not  have  its  own  retail  shops  and   third  parties  such  as  supermarkets  and  convenience  stores  sell  all  VitaSoy   products.     Customers:    The  largest  customer  accounts  for  6  percent  of  total  sales  and   the  five  largest  customers  account  for  20  percent  of  total  sales.    This  is   potentially  unfavorable  because  if  anything  happened  to  the  business  of   these  customers,  one-­‐fifth  of  VitaSoy’s  sales  are  in  danger.     Competitors:  There  is  intense  competition  among  brands  and  across  food   and  drink  categories  especially  with  the  influx  of  Japanese,  Korean,  and   Taiwanese  drinks.     SWOT  Analysis:   Strengths:  VitaSoy  has  strong  brand  equity,  so  when  people  hear  “VitaSoy,”   they  associate  it  with  a  strong  sense  of  credibility.    The  company  also  has  a   good  local  reputation  because  the  people  in  Hong  Kong  have  been  drinking   VitaSoy  for  many  generations.    VitaSoy  has  also  successfully  penetrated  into   overseas  markets  and  can  be  found  in  North  America,  Australia  and  New   Zealand,  and  Singapore.    The  company  offers  a  diverse  selection  of  products   including  soymilk,  tea,  tofu,  lunch  box  and  snacks,  dairy  milk,  distilled  water,    
  • 9.       9     and  juice  drinks.    These  products  are  distributed  through  many  different   channels.   Weaknesses:  VitaSoy  products  and  drinks  are  only  top  of  mind  in  Hong   Kong.    While  in  other  places,  VitaSoy  products  are  only  either  brand  recall  or   brand  recognition  on  the  brand  awareness  pyramid.    Therefore,  VitaSoy   only  has  a  relatively  small  market  share  in  other  countries.    Another   weakness  is  that  most  of  the  VitaSoy  drinks  have  large  sugar  contents  and   this  generates  some  criticism.   Opportunities:  Soymilk  is  increasing  in  popularity  because  the  antioxidants   in  the  soybeans  have  been  found  to  prevent  cancer.    VitaSoy  has  built  a  new   plant  capacity  in  Foshan,  Southern  China  in  hopes  of  expanding  its   distribution  channels  and  widening  its  territorial  foothold  in  Mainland   China.    The  company  has  also  penetrated  the  plastic  bottled  drinks  segment   in  Hong  Kong  and  this  can  compete  with  the  influx  of  foreign  drinks.   Threats:  VitaSoy  continues  to  face  increasing  labor  costs  and  logistical  costs.     The  increasingly  competitive  landscape  also  threatens  VitaSoy’s  sales.      
  • 10.       10     RECOMMENDATION     By  asserting  Vitasoy’s  mission  to  promote  lifelong  health  for  all  age  groups,   we  hope  that  by  entering  the  Mainland  Chinese  market,  we  will  nurture   lifelong  customer  relationships  with  the  youth  (and  in  turn,  the  entire  family   unit).  Seeing  the  results  of  similar  approaches  in  Hong  Kong,  this  can  lead  to   positive  future  outcomes  as  future  generations  become  repeat  consumers.     Long-­‐term  relationships  with  customers  are  extremely  valuable  because   customers  are  consistent  sources  of  positive  word-­‐of-­‐mouth  and  product   consumption.       Marketing  Strategy   Segmentation: Vitasoy has segmented the market in several major ways, including by demographics, geography, Psychographic, and Behavioral.   Geographic: Vitasoy currently operates in 40 different countries, and has split the world into five major segments; Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau, North America, Australia and New Zealand, and Singapore. Out of these groupings, Mainland China remains the most important segment, as it has the largest population, a growing middle class, and a low level of consumer identification with the Vitasoy brand. This low level of saturation makes the mainland a more attractive area of expansion than Hong Kong, as there is a much larger proportion of the population that can be tapped. Demographics: We have aimed to target all ages, all income levels, and continue to establish our products as naturally inclusive; appealing to people from across many demographics can enjoy this product. The company has been especially focused on attracting the youth to Vitasoy products so that we can build long-term relationships with these customers for decades. Making an impact on young consumers is crucial for our long-term
  • 11.       11   sustainability. Consumers whom we are able to build long-term relationships with are naturally more profitable than one-time customers, as they offer more than sales, by providing positive word of mouth. In addition, because of our family-oriented market strategy, establishing these relationships can yield positive results as the entire family unit, with multigenerational potential, adopts our product. Psychographic: Vitasoy has worked to present itself as a conservative, family oriented company that can appeal to the family unit. We have family friendly commercials that promote a positive message of togetherness. Our “Stand By Me” campaign, for instance, shows people from all walks of life drinking various Vitasoy products in a variety of environments, all singing one song together. This contrast greatly with traditional commercials from competitors like Coke, which runs ads featuring sultry actresses in sports cars, drinking Coke and conveying poor family values. We are looking to target the market of the health conscious consumer, and making the case that Vitasoy is a healthy, delicious, cheap, and convenient substitute to most other products. Vitasoy can be consumed at any point in the day, but it has been shown to be a convenient morning beverage that helps start the day off right. Behavioral: Our marketing scheme aims to target the low loyalty, light use, low brand recognition, and high potential consumers. We acknowledge that targeting our most loyal customers is unlikely to result in high returns, as these consumers are usually near their upper limits in consumption potential. Instead, by focusing on people who are less committed to the Vitasoy brand, we have much more potential to grow. In addition, we hope that there will be a positive spillover effect for our loyal users. While our commercials are aimed at attracting new customers, they will also have the benefit of reaching loyal customers, and reinforce their level of satisfaction with our brand.
  • 12.       12   Positioning: We hope to achieve a level of brand positioning in which we can reinforce a sense of nostalgic familiarity for parents, and bridge the generation gap between children and adults. The long history of Vitasoy means that we have sold our goods to many generations, and we hope that our products will act as a bridge through time, allowing parents and their children to have a common bond. We also hope to position Vitasoy to be perceived as health conscious and delicious. It is important to the long-term success of the company that our consumers are aware of the health benefits associated with the Vitasoy brand. Finally, because they are one of our most critical demographics, it is critical that we maintain a brand image of youth-friendliness in order to attract new and youthful consumers.   Integrated  Marketing  Strategy   Product: The product we are focusing on is the soy milk, tea, and juice sector of Vitasoy. The product branding positioning taken as a part of this campaign is “sincerity”. Our marketing campaign will center on family values—so our product will convey the message of being beneficial to the family and it’s health. Price: The strategy we want to use for this campaign is penetration. Thus we want our product to be produced on a large scale at a low cost. This way, everyone, no matter what income level they belong to, will be able to afford this product. Place: Since we want our product to be thoroughly accessible in the market, we want Vitasoy to be available in the most convenient locations for the consumers. Currently in China, we have noticed from personal experience that many convenience stores do not carry Vitasoy products. Since our target is on family and children, we want our product to be in areas where children are in. This includes classrooms, playgrounds and other youth-orientated areas. In Hong Kong, there is a high use of vending machines in areas such as schools. We will try to bring this model to China. Euromonitor International did a study on
  • 13.       13   vending machines in developing countries (n.d.). In Japan, there are very low rates of vandalism because it is a relatively safe country (Spacey, 2012). In contrast, China is still a developing country but growth for vending machines is still on the rise. Promotion: In order to focus on our “target”, we plan to use promotion in order to reach our consumers—especially students and the younger generation so that these purchasing behaviors can stay with them even as they mature. Public Relations: First off, the competitor brand “Yili” is doing extremely well in China. Their main strategy is to use celebrity endorsers. For example Yili uses celebrity images on their products and uses them in all promotional campaigns across the field. The reason why they are so successful is because this is aligned with the consumers taste in China. Celebrities are a huge part of Chinese culture since the Chinese place a great amount of trust amongst celebrities. For our campaign we will use relevant celebrities that have a “family” orientated image--viewed by the community as having a healthy lifestyle. Sales Promotion: Since our target is the youth, we want our campaigns to be tech-savvy. It is easy to capture the younger generation with new technologies as they use it quite often. One sale promotion campaign is to have QR codes on the Vitasoy boxes to scan. After scanning a certain number, they will be able to obtain a prize –such as a Vitasoy pedometer. This interactive experience engages the users, while allowing them to share their achievements on social media sites. Another sales promotion campaign is to give Vitasoy coupons in taxis after users enter their phone numbers in TouchMedia’s monitor. Social Media: This campaign is aligned with the public relations campaign. Celebrities would use Weibo to endorse Vitasoy. This way the consumers can see the product being tied to their favorite star. Advertising: We would use vending machines in high profile areas. This not only gains the attention of many but also increases sales—serving a dual purpose.
  • 14.       14   As mentioned before, these vending machines would have extra security to ensure that vandalism is kept to a minimum.  
  • 15.       15         REFERENCES   "The Battle of the Brands: Winners and Losers in the Culture Wars." Yahoo! Finance. PR Newswire, 21 Mar. 2013. Web. 20 July 2013. Lau, Adaline. "Vitasoy Makes HK$10m Brand Investment." Marketing, , HONG KONG, MARKETING, Campaigns, Out Of Home,. Marketing- Interactive, 9 July 2013. Web. 9 July 2013. Spacey, John. "Vending Machines in Japan: 5.6 Million Robots Can't Be Wrong." Japan Talk. N.p., 12 Aug. 2012. Web. 19 July 2013. <http://www.japan-talk.com/jt/new/vending-machines-in-Japan>. "Vending in emerging countries." Market Research World. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 July 2013. <http://www.marketresearchworld.net/content/view/157/77/>. "VITASOY International Holdings Ltd." VITASOY International Holdings Ltd. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 July 2013. Wang, Jasmine. "Vitasoy Finds Favour amid Milk Scandal." South China Morning Post. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 July 2013.