The document summarizes research on hats, dresses, and trousers from ancient times to present day. It was conducted by Laura Lāčauniece and Aija Klusa for their English class at Shpogy Secondary School under the guidance of their teacher Eva Vovka. The research aims to compare fashion from ancient times to now. It discusses the history and types of various hats including panamas and ushankas. It also outlines the history of dresses during the Victorian era and styles like crinolines and bustles. Finally, it provides details on the history of trousers and different types like jeans and harem pants.

1. Shpogy Secondary School
RESEARCH WORK IN ENGLISH
Authors: Laura Lāčauniece,
Aija Klusa
Adviser: English Language Teacher
Eva Vovka
2012

2. The reason for such a choice is that
we both like fashion and we are
really interested to know something
more about the history of clothes
and fashion.
For example:
 who invented the first jeans,
 how does panama look,
 where do harem trousers come
from, etc.

3. GARMENTS
We have chosen 3 garments:
Hats;
Dresses;
Trousers.
These types of outfit we both wear
and like. Laura likes hats and dresses
but Aija likes trousers and also
dresses. That is the reason why we
have chosen exactly those garments.

4. THE AIM
Our aim is to compare fashion
in ancient times and nowadays.
THEN NOW

5. THE TASKS
 To find information about hats,
dresses, trousers;
 To compare fashion then and now;
 To organize an inquiry and ask people:
# about their favorite garments,
# about the outfit they will never
wear,
# and if they follow the fashion.

6. HATS
History
A hat is a head covering.
 It can be worn for protecting us from the
weather
 for ceremonial or religious reasons

7.  In military they may denote
nationality, branch of service, rank or
regiment.
 Hats are worn for safety too.

8.  By a hat humans profession,
occupation, religion, hobby,
education, social position, etc. can
be denoted.

9. TYPES OF HATS
Panama
When Francisco Pizarro and
his Spanish conquistadors
arrived in what is now
Ecuador in 1526, inhabitants
of the coastal areas were
already wearing a curious type
of headwear made of woven
straw- Panama hats .

10. Francisco Pizarro Ecuador-South America

11. Ecuadorians themselves do not call their
hats Panama hats. In Ecuador, the hats
are sombreros de paja toquilla, or “hats
of toquilla straw.”
Toquilla straw
Panama hat

12. Panamas then:
Panamas now:

13. Laura’s panama hat:

14. Ushanka
 Ushanka is a Russian fur hat ,with
ear flaps that can be tied up to the
crown of the cap, or tied at the chin
to protect the ears, jaw and lower
chin from the cold
 The word ushanka derives from ushi
( ши), "ears" in Russian.

15. Ushankas are often made from
 sheepskin
 rabbit fur.
Ushankas are widely used in Arctic
region of Russia, keeping ears and chin
safe even in the "deep frost" (-40 to -
70 degrees ).

17. Trousers
history
Trousers first entere recorded
history in the 6th century BC, with
the appearance of horse-riding
Iranian peoples (Scythian) in Greek
ethnography.

18. Trousers of various design were worn
throughout the Middles Ages:
1. in Europe
2. in Byzantium
3. and were worn by many of the barbarian
tribes specially Xiongnu Hun.
3. 1. 2.

19. In the 14th Century it became common
among the men of the noble and
knightly classes to connect the hose
(socks) directly to their pour points
(under jacket or vests) rather than to
their drawers (undergarment).

20. Trousers
history
 Women wearing trousers  It was in the late 19th
became apparent in the century that women
4th century in Persia, but started wearing men
this trend of women trousers to work. It was
wearing trousers died more comfortable for
soon. them.
 And Amazonian women
were presented wearing
trousers.
Wigan pit brow girl.

21. Cowgirls (women working
in the ranches of the 19th )
in American West wore
trousers for riding.
Aviatrices in the early 20th
often wore trousers.
Actresses Marlene Dietrich
and Katherine Hepburn
were often wearing trousers
from the 1930s and they
helped to make trousers
acceptable for women.

23. Sailors also pioneered the wearing of
jeans, trousers made of denim.These
became more popular in the late 20th
century in the American West because
of their ruggedness and durability.

24. TYPES OF TROUSERS
JEANS
Jeans are trousers made from denim.
Some of the earliest American blue
jeans were made by Jacob Davis,
Calvin Rogers, and Levi Strauss in
1873. Starting in the 1950s, jeans,
originally designed for cowboys,
became popular among teenagers.

25. JACOB DAVIS LEVI STRAUSS
 He was a German born  HE WAS AN American
in RIGA of German decent
Denim (clothe) comes from France .
Levi Straus was selling jeans to the mining
companies, Jacob Davis proposed to use copper rivets
for pocket corners. They got a patent for an
"Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings," on May 20,

26. Jeans come in various fits
Skinny Tapered Flare
Straight Mommy cut Boot cut

27. Like most of
teenagers, we have a
lot of interesting
jeans

28. Harem trousers

31. .

33. VICTORIAN ERA
1837-1901
 The Victorian era of British
history was the period
of Queen Victoria’s reign
from 20 June 1837 until her
death on 22 January 1901.
 It was a long period of
peace, prosperity, and
national self-confidence for
Britain.
 At the start of the Victorian
era most fashions lasted
about a decade, but by 1901
the history of fashion was

34. CRINOLINE BUSTLES
1830-1860 1870 -1883
In the 1830s a linen material woven When the crinoline of the late 1860s
with horsehair called crinoline (also had reached its maximum extreme
called hoop skirt) was first used for width it began to subside.
cloth petticoats. The word crinoline It is a type of framework used to
comes from the French for 'crin' and expand the fullness or support
'lin', meaning horsehair and linen the drapery of the back of a woman's
respectively. dress.

35. CRINOLINES
CRINOLINES NOW
THEN
Nowadays brides wear Victorian type
dresses.
In everyday life some aspect of Victorian
fashion can be traced.

36. BUSTLES THEN BUSTLES NOW

37. The Corset then CORSETE
NOW
Nowadays corsets
are worn like tops not
just like an
underwear.
Corsets were like an
underwear, they made
woman’s waist look slim.
Medics observed that corsets
were unhealthy, women
could not breathe fully and
caused problem for ribs.

38. DRESSES
VICTORIAN COSTUMES
 Rational Dress Reform-Bloomer
 In1851 Elizabeth Smith Miller
proposed a new type of garment
"Turkish trousers" with a skirt.
Her friend Amelia Jenks Bloomer
wrote an article "Freedom Dress"
in a feministic publication.
Despite negative reaction from
the society, the movement was
successful.
 It was associated with the
struggle for women's

39. The Aesthetes1870-
1880
Artists, poets, writers,
etc. proposed, designed,
and wore clothing more
rational and comfortable
than the fashion of the
time. Aesthetic dress
was made of wool or
Liberty silk or velvet
fabrics. n the style of
medieval or
Renaissance garments
with larger sleeves.

40. ALEXANDER Russian and French fashion
VASILYEV historian, collector and interior
designer has created an
exhibition of Victorian fashion