When planning long-haul travel, several factors can affect destination selection including seasonality, climate conditions, entry requirements, travel restrictions, health issues, and social concerns. Travelers must consider a destination's climate and seasonal variations to avoid locations during extreme weather. Entry requirements like visas and vaccinations can take time to acquire and add costs. Travel advisories inform travelers of safety risks like terrorism or disease outbreaks that could lead to restricted travel or cancellations. Health issues may require vaccinations or prevent travel during pandemics. Poverty or exploitation at destinations could disincline travelers for ethical reasons. These many factors all have the potential to significantly impact travelers' choices of long-haul destinations.

1. Factors affecting
travel to long-haul
destinations

2. • P3 explain how factors affect travel
to long-haul destinations
• M1 review how travel factors
affect travel to selected long haul
destinations
• D1 analyse the impact of travel
factors on selected long-haul
destinations

3. • When people are planning long-haul
holidays, there are several factors that
affect their choice of destination
• All these factors can have an affect on
people:
– Disinclination to travel/cancellations
– Restricted travel (only able travel to certain
areas)
– Health implications
– Jet lag
Factors Effects on the peoples’ choice

4. • What do these effects mean??
– Disinclination to travel/cancellations
– Restricted travel (only able travel to certain
areas)
– Health implications
– Jet lag

5. Tourists need to be aware of climate zones and
seasonal variations
Sounds obvious but some don’t check and end up
in Thailand during the Monsoon season!
The time of year someone visits a country can
depend on their choice of activities and climate
preference
Some countries get so cold or so hot that it can
become unbearable
Seasonality

6. Countries below the equator have the opposite
seasons to us, but those on it don’t really have
seasons
SEASONS
Seasonality

7. Extreme Climatic Conditions
This can include monsoons and hurricanes
People should check to see if countries have
‘seasons’ where these conditions could occur
Travel is still possible and would be cheaper, but
very risky
The country’s economy can be affected as
tourists aren’t able to visit until the danger is
over and repairs are carried out
USA Jamaica

8. Time Zones/Length of Flight
As you travel around the world you pass through
different time zones- regions where the local
time is set in relation to a world standard time
Term used for this world standard time is GMT
(Greenwich Mean Time)
It can also be know as Zulu or UTC, Universal
Coordinated Time
DST, Daylight saving time has been adopted in
most regions of the world – in the UK it is known
as British Summer Time

9. Time Zones/Length of Flight
The International Date Line is the imaginary
line on the Earth that separates 2 consecutive
calendar days
Travelling west across the line takes you back
one day, travelling east takes you forward one
day
**Calculating arrival times**

10. Entry Requirements
Depending on destination tourists may require
various documents e.g. visas and vaccination
certificates
These can take time to acquire, meaning some
destinations can’t be booked last minute
This can also add an extra cost to the holiday
Visa Requirements

11. Travel restrictions/Safety
Travel restrictions are put into place by the
government when it is unwise for tourists to
visit a destination
This could be because of a dangerous political
situation, natural disaster or outbreak of a
disease
FCO provide up to date info on countries.
Restrictions vary in severity from a total
restriction or just certain areas

12. Travel restrictions/Safety
If tourists have already booked a holiday when
restrictions are levied, then the tour operator
will offer an alternative holiday or refund
Some countries may be unsafe for women for
travel by themselves
Terrorism is now the biggest threat. The FCO
can provide advice and guidance on every
country in the world

13. Travel restrictions/Safety
The US, UK and Israel, and their representatives
overseas, remain the prime targets for
international terrorist networks, particularly Al
Qaida
UK and US residents can be targeted any where
in the world
Tourists may also be caught in civil unrest e.g.
riots and protests

14.  Health restrictions usually relate to the requirement for
vaccinations
 Some countries will not permit entry without typhoid and
yellow fever vaccinations
 Occasionally outbreaks of disease prevent people
travelling e.g. Swine flu outbreak in 2009 deferred
travellers to Mexico for some time
 Travellers should be aware of differences in culture and
levels of poverty when travelling
 HIV is prevalent in some countries and advice is given to
travellers to avoid sexual contact
Health issues e.g. prevalence of disease,
HIV, pandemics

15.  When considering where to go on holiday, tourists
may well decide against travel to a certain area for
ethical reasons
 It’s hard to enjoy a luxurious holiday in a resort when
you know that people nearby are living in extreme
poverty
Tourism Concern
Social situations e.g. poverty,
exploitation

16. Group task to achieve P3/M1
• In your groups, allocate at least 1
factor each
• Produce a description of the factor and
the EFFECTS IT CAN HAVE (e.g.
disinclination to travel,
cancellation/heath requirements, jet
lag, restricted travel etc.)
• Find an example of where this occur and
in reasonable detail explain the situation