The document provides instructions on how to summarize texts in 3 sentences or less. It emphasizes identifying the most important elements of the document, such as the who, what, when, why and how, and conveying them in a concise yet coherent manner while maintaining the logical flow and sequence of ideas. Proper summarization requires understanding the essence and eliminating unnecessary details or extraneous information. The summary should be a high-level overview of the key points and essential content of the original text in a condensed form.

1. ng.fz;kzp
cjtp Nguhrpupau;
muR kfspH fy;tpay; fy;Yhhp
NfhaKj;Jhu;

2. fw;;gpj;jy; Kiw
“<jy; ,ay;Ng ,ak;Gk; fhiyf;
fhyKk; ,lDk; thypjpd; Nehf;fpr;
Rpwe;Jop ,Ue;J jd; nja;tk; tho;j;jp
Ciuf;fg;gL nghUs; cs;sj; jikj;J
tpiuahd; ntFshd; tpUg;gp Kfkyu;e;J
nfhs;Nthd; nfhs;tif mwpe;J mtd;
csq;nfhsf;
Nfhl;lkpy; kdj;jpd; Ehy; nfhLj;jy; vd;g”

3. fw;gpj;jy; Kiw
RUq;fr; nrhy;yy; tpsq;f itj;jy;
etpd;whu;f; fpdpik ed;nkhop Gzu;j;jy;
Xir Ailik MoKilj; jhjy;
Kiwapd; itg;Ng cyf kiyahik
tpOkpaJ gaj;jy; tpsq;Fjh uzj;j
jhFjy; Ehypw; fonfDk; gj;Nj.
(ed;.13)

4. fw;gpj;jy; Fw;wkh…
Fd;wf; $wy; kpifglf; $wy;
$wpaJ $wy; khWnfhsf; $wy;
t*cr; nrhw; Gzu;j;jy; kaq;f itj;jy;
ntw;nwdj; njhLj;jy; kw;nwhd;W tpupj;jy;
nrd;WNja;e; jpWjy; epd;Wga dpd;ik
vd;wpit aPiuq; Fw;w Ehw;Nf.
(ed;.12)

5. ghlq; Nfl;Fk; Kiw
Nfhly; kuNg $Wq; fhiyyg;
nghOnjhL nrd;W topgly; Kdpahd;
Fzj;njhL gofp atd; Fwpg;gpw;rhu;e;J
,Untd ,Ue;J nrhy;nydr; nrhy;ypg;
gUFt dd;d thu;tj;j dhfpr;
rpj;jpug; ghitap dj;jf tlq;fpr;
nrtpth ahf neQ;Rfs dhff;
Nfl;lit Nfl;lit tplhJsj; jikj;Jg;
Nghntdg; Nghj ntd;kdhu; Gytu;.
(ed;.40)

6. fy;tpr; nry;tj;jpy;……
jk;kpd; nkypahiu Nehf;fpj; jkJilik
mk;khngup njd;W mfkfpo;f-jk;kpDk;
fw;whiu Nehf;fpf; fUj;jopf fw;wnjy;yhk;
vw;Nw ,tu;f;Fehk; vd;W.

7. mwpTf;F MW
I keep six honest serving men
They taught me all I know;
Their names are what and why and when
And how and where and who.
-Kipling

8. vg;nghUSk; vd; neQ;rk; Vw;f czu;j;jpath;
,g;Gtpapy; njhz;lhu; ,U %tu;-vg;nghOJ
ahu; vq;Nf Vd; vd;d vg;gb vd;fpd;w
Ngh; nfhz;lhu; md;dtiug; NgZ.
nkhopngau;g;G
e.Rg;Gnulbahu;

9. tpsf;Fjy; jpwd;-Explaining skill
 “Xu; Mrpahu; Nfs;tpia tpLj;J me;j Nfs;tpf;F Vw;w
tpilapid MrpupaNu tpsf;fpf; $WtJ tpsf;Fjy; jpwd;.”
 tpsf;fgl Ntz;baJ kpFjpahf ,Ug;gpd; njhlu;Gr;
nrhw;;fisg; gad;gLj;jp (mjdhy;>MfNt>mt;thwhf)
tpsf;fkspj;jpl Ntz;Lk;.

10.  ey;y tpsf;fk;;;;;> tpsf;Fgtupd; nghUs;
njspitAk;> Nfl;gtUf;F mg;gFjpapy;
fUj;Jzh;jiyAk; fhl;Lk;;;.
 tpsf;Fjy; epfOk;nghOJ fhuz fhupa njhlu;G
,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
 vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfs; $wp tpsf;Fjy; rpwg;ghdjhFk;.

11. Fwpg;ghf…
• tuyhw;W ghlq;fspy;;:
-fle;j fhy epfo;r;rpfis Fwpg;gpLk;NghJ…
• mwptpay; ghlq;fspy;:
-mwptpay;Nrhjidfis nra;J tpisTfis
tpsf;Fk;NghJ…
• nkhopg; ghlq;fspy;:
-ghly;fis fw;gpf;Fk;NghJ…
tpsf;Fjy; jpwd; ,d;wpaikahjjhfpwJ.

12. tpsf;Fjy; jpwdpy; gaw;rpngWtjpd;
mtrpak;
 Mrpupau;>khztu;fsplk; fUj;jpid vLj;Jiuf;Fk; jd;ik
tsu;fpwJ
 khztu;fSf;F tpsq;fhj fUj;Jfis tpsq;f itg;gjw;fhf NkYk; gy
vLj;Jfhl;Lfisf; $wp tpsf;Fk; jpwd; fpilf;fpwJ.
 tpsf;fk; mspf;Fk;NghJ nrhw;fis ruskhf gad;gLj;Jk;
jpwd; tsu;fpwJ.
 ,j;jpwdpy; gapw;rp ngWtjhy; nghUl;nryT> fhytpuak;
Mfpatw;iwf; Fiwf;fyhk;.

13. tpsf;Fjy; jpwdpd; cl;$Wfs;
gad; jUk; elj;ijfs;:
1. njhlq;Fk; njhlu;fs; (beginning statements)
2. njhlu; ,izg;Gr; nrhw;fs; (explaning links)
3. Kw;Wtpf;Fk; njhlu;fs; (concluding statement)
4. khztu; nghUswp czu;tpd; jpwdwp
tpdhf;fs;(questions to test the pupils
understanding)
5. Vw;w tpil je;j tpdhf;fs; (questions followed by
correct pupil responses)

14. njhlq;Fk; njhlu;fs;(beginning
statements)
ikaf; fUj;ij cs;slf;fpajhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
kf;fs; Ml;rp vd;why; vd;d?
Iae;jpupgw vd;why; vd;d?
vd;d fw;fpNwhk; vd;gij khzth;fs; ed;F
mwpe;J ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.

15. njhlu; ,izg;Gr; nrhw;fs;
Explaining links
• Xd;iw tpsf;Fk;NghJ> xU fUj;NjhL kw;nwhU fUj;ij
,izj;J> ,iaG gLj;jpf; $Wtjw;F ,izg;Gr; nrhw;fs;
gad;gLfpd;wd.
• ,izg;Gr; nrhw;fSs; Vw;wtw;iw ,lkwpe;J gad;gLj;j
Ntz;Lk;.
• njhlu; ,izg;Gr; nrhw;fs; rpy:
Mdhy; MfNt mt;thW ,t;thW
mNjhL Mifahy; vdNt gpd;du;
gpd; Kd; Vnddpy;…..

16. Kw;Wtpf;Fk; njhlu;
concluding statement
 xU fw;;gpj;jy; gFjp vt;thW ey;y njhlf;fk; ngWfpwNjh
mt;thW njspthf KbT ngWjy; Ntz;Lk;.
 rhd;whf:
“kf;fshl;rpiatpl rpwe;j Kiw NtW ,y;iy vd;Nw
nfhs;sNtz;Lk;.”

17. khztu; nghUswp czu;tpd;
jpwdwp tpdhf;fs;
questions to test pupils
understanding
tpsf;Fjy; jpwidr; Nrhjpj;J mwpa jpwdwp
tpdhf;fs; gad;gLfpd;wd.

18. Vw;w tpilje;j tpdhf;fs;
Questions followed by correct pupil responses
 tpsf;Fjypy; mike;j tpdhf;fs; midj;Jk; Vw;w
tpilfs; ngWkhapd; tpsf;Fjy; jpwk;gl
mike;Js;sJ vd;gij mwpayhk;.

19. jtpu;f;f Ntz;ba elj;ijfs;:
1. nghUj;jkw;w elj;ijfs;(irrelevant statement)
2. fUj;J njhlu;rpapd;ik(lacking in continuation)
3. Ngr;rpy; ruskpd;ik(lacking in fluency)
4. jFjpaw;w nrhw;fs;(inappropriate vocabulary)
5. njsptw;w nrhw;fSk; njhlu;fSk;(vagee words
and words)
6. fUj;JfspypUe;J tpyFjy;(deviated from main
points)

20. tpbay; vd;gJ tpbAk; nghOjy;y>eP tpopf;Fk;
nghOJ…
tpopj;Jf;nfhs;
ntw;wp cdf;Nf…
ed;wp