1. Name- Mohammad Asim
Roll no- 20/MPH/DIPSAR/2019
Supervisor- Dr Meenakshi K. Chauhan
Date-
Subject- Pharmaceutics practical II (MPH 205P)
2. Reference
E. Touitou, N. Dayan, L. Bergelson, B. Godin, M. Eliaz,
Ethosomes — novel vesicular carriers for enhanced delivery:
characterization and skin penetration properties, Journal of
Controlled Release 65 (2000) 403–418.
5. Theory
• Ethosomes are soft lipid vesicles made up of phospholipids, ethanol
and water.
• It can entrap drug molecules of various physical and chemical
characteristics i.e., hydrophilic, lipophilic or amphiphilic.
• The size range of ethosomes may vary from 10 nanometers to
microns.
• In 1996, Touitou discovered and investigated lipid vesicular system
containing ethanol in concentration range 10-50%.
• These are non invasive delivery carriers that enable drugs to reach the
deep skin layers and/or systemic circulation.
6. Advantages vs
disadvantages
Advantages
• Delivery of large molecules
is possible (peptides, protein
molecules)
• Enhanced permeation of
drug through skin for
transdermal drug delivery.
• High patient compliance.
• Simple method for drug
delivery.
• It is passive, non invasive
and is available for
immediate
commercialization.
Disadvantages
• May not be economical, poor
yield.
• Drugs that require high blood
levels cannot be administered
– limited to only potent
drugs, those requiring a daily
dose of 10 mg or less.
• Coalescence of ethosomes
may occur.
7. Mechanism of
penetrati
onof
ethosomes
Ethanol effect
• Ethanol acts as penetration
enhancer through skin.
• Ethanol penetrates into
intercellular lipids and
increases the fluidity of cell
membrane lipids and
decrease the density of lipid
multilayer of cell membrane.
Ethosome effect
• Increased cell membrane
lipid fluidity due to ethanol.
• Increased skin permeability.
• So the ethosomes permeated
very easily inside the deep
skin layers, where it gets
fused with skin lipids and
releases the drugs.
8.
9. Class Use
Phospholipid Vesicle forming component
Alcohol For providing softness for vesicle
membrane also as a penetration
enhancer
Polyglycol As a skin penetration enhancer
cholesterol Enhances the stability and
entrapment efficiency of drugs
Composition
of ethosomes
10. Formulation of
ethosomes
• Ethosomes were prepared by taking lecithin (3% w/v) in a small
round bottom flask and solubilized with ethanol (50% v/v) under
mixing with a magnetic stirrer at 30°C.
• The round bottom flask was covered to avoid ethanol evaporation.
• Distilled water was added slowly with continuous stirring at 700
rpm to obtain the ethosomal colloidal suspensions.
• Finally it was sonicated for 15 minutes.
11. Ethanol + Phospholipid
(at 30°C)
Distilled water
(at 30°C)
At 700 rpm Ethosomes of irregular
size range were
obtained
Ethosomes of regular
size range were
obtained
Sonicated
for 15
minutes
12. Particle size
determination
• Nicomp® Nano DLS/ZLS System was used for particle size
determination.
• Small amount of sample was run for particle size
determination and the particle size of ethosome was found to
be 762 nm.
