Essay 3 Proposal and Annotated BibliographyProposalResearch.docx

Essay 3: Proposal and Annotated Bibliography
Proposal
Research papers and projects frequently require a proposal.
Proposals are a way of introducing the topic and methodology
of your research to your audience before the research paper is
complete.
Your proposal for this assignment should be one paragraph that
includes:
· The research question on which you will focus
· Why this topic is important or relevant
· A summary of what you expect to discover
· An explanation of what subtopics you will need to research to
fully understand your topic
For this assignment, you may need to use first person (I/me).
Annotated Bibliography
An annotated bibliography is a list of sources you are
consulting for research accompanied by formal notes (or
annotations) written about each source.
An annotated bibliography serves several purposes:
· It allows you to review the materials you have and see what
information you still need.
· It lets you synthesize the information you have gathered to
further develop
your argument.
· It helps you begin to prepare your sources in the style required

for your Works
Cited page.
· It helps other researchers understand what is being published
on your topic.
Using the articles you have found on your own, prepare your
own annotated bibliography.
You should include a total of at least ten sources.
For each source, you should include:
· The appropriate MLA citation for that source
· A three to five sentence objective summary of that source in
your own words
· A one to two sentence evaluation of how you might use the
source in your paper or how it might contribute to your research
For examples and additional help, you may refer to p. 66-70 of
The Little Seagull Handbook or use the following OWL link:
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/614/1/
(Continued on next page)
Your Proposal and Annotated Bibliography is due on
Thursday, November 15. (Upload to Final Draft # 3 in Essays 3
and 4 folder.)
You will need to submit it to eCampus and bring a hard copy to
class.

PLEASE NOTE: You will not need to submit a rough
draft for this assignment.
* Information adapted from Reading Literature and Writing
Argument (5th ed.) by Missy James and Alan P. Merickel.
Communicating professionally and ethically is one of the
essential skills we can teach you at Strayer. The following
guidelines will ensure you:
· write professionally;
· avoid plagiarizing others, which is essential to writing
ethically; and
· give credit to others in your work.
Visit Strayer’s Academic Integrity Center for more information.
Strayer University Writing Standards
Fall 2018
1Strayer University Writing Standards
https://pslogin.strayer.edu/?dest=academic-support/academic-
integrity-center

Strayer University Writing Standards 2
General Standards 3
Use Appropriate Formatting 3
Title Your Work 3
Write Clearly 3
Cite Credible Sources 3
Build a Source List 3
Giving Credit to Authors and Sources 4
Option #1: Paraphrasing 4
Option #2: Quoting 4
Using Web Sources 5
Using Home Pages 5
Using Specific Web Pages 5
Source List 6
Setting Up the Source List Page 6
Creating a Source List Entry 6
Source List Elements 7
Source List Elements Breakdown 7
Sample Source List 8
Writing Assignments 9

Paper and Essay Specific Format Guidelines 9
PowerPoint or Slideshow Specific Format Guidelines 9
Discussion Posts 10
Effective Internet Links 10
Share vs. URL Options 11
Charts, Images, and Tables 12
Table of Contents
� Include page numbers.
� Use 1-inch margins.
� Use Arial, Courier, Times New Roman, or Calibri font style.
� Use 10-, 11-, or 12-point font size for the body of your text.
� Use numerals (1, 2, 3, and so on) OR spell out numbers (one,
two, three, and so
on). Be consistent with your choice throughout the assignment.
� Use either single or double spacing, according to assignment
guidelines.
� If assignment requires a title page:
· Include the assignment title, your name, course title, your
professor’s name,
and the date of submission on a separate page.

� If assignment does not require a title page (stated in the
assignment details):
· Include all required content in a header at the top of your
document.
· or Include all required content where appropriate for
assignment format.
· Examples of appropriate places per assignment: letterhead of a
business
letter assignment or a title slide for a PowerPoint presentation
� Use appropriate language and be concise.
� Write in active voice when possible. Find tips here.
� Use the point of view (first, second, or third person) required
by the
assignment guidelines.
� Use spelling and grammar check and proofread to help
ensure your work is
error free.
� Use credible sources to support your ideas/work. Find tips
here.
� Cite your sources throughout your work when you borrow
someone else’s
words or ideas. Give credit to the authors.
� Look for a permalink tool for a webpage when possible
(especially when an
electronic source requires logging in like the Strayer Library).
Find tips here.
� Add each cited source to the Source List at the end of your

assignment. (See
the Giving Credit to Authors and Sources section for more
details.)
� Don’t forget to cite and add your textbook to the Source List
if you use it as a
source.
� Include a Source List when the assignment requires research
or if you cite the
textbook.
� Type “Sources” centered on the first line of the page.
� List the sources that you used in your assignment.
� Organize sources in a numbered list and in order of use
throughout the paper.
Use the original number when citing a source multiple times.
� For more information, see the Source List section.
General Standards
Title Your Work
Use Appropriate
Formatting
Write Clearly
Cite Credible Sources
Build a Source List

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/a
ctive_and_passive_voice/active_versus_passive_voice.html
http://libdatab.strayer.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.co
m/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ers&AN=98402046&site=eds-
live&scope=site
https://cdnapisec.kaltura.com/index.php/extwidget/preview/part
ner_id/956951/uiconf_id/38285871/entry_id/1_w9soryj6/embed/
dynamic
Giving Credit to Authors and Sources
When quoting or paraphrasing another source, give credit by
using an in-text citation.
An in-text citation includes the author’s last name and the
number of the source from the
Source List. A well-researched assignment has at least as many
sources as pages (see Writing
Assignments for the required number of sources). Find tips
here.
Option #1: Paraphrasing
Rewording Source Information in Your Own Words
� Rephrase the source information in your words. Be sure
not to repeat the same words of the author.
� Add a number to the end of your source (which will tie
to your Source List).
� Remember, you cannot just replace words of the original
sentence.
ORIGINAL SOURCE

“Writing at a college level requires informed
research.”
PARAPHRASING
As Harvey wrote, when writing a paper for
higher education, it is critical to research and
cite sources (1).
When writing a paper for higher education,
it is imperative to research and cite sources
(Harvey, 1).
Option #2: Quoting
Citing another person’s work word-for-word
� Place quotation marks at the beginning and the end of
the quoted information.
� Add a number to the end of your source (which will tie
to your Source List).
� Do not quote more than one to two sentences
(approximately 25 words) at a time.
� Do not start a sentence with a quotation.
� Introduce and explain quotes within the context of your
paper.
ORIGINAL SOURCE
“Writing at a college level requires informed
research.”

QUOTING
Harvey wrote in his book, “Writing at a college
level requires informed research” (1).
Many authors agree, “Writing at a college
level requires informed research” (Harvey, 1).
http://libdatab.strayer.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.co
m/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ers&AN=98402046&site=eds-
live&scope=site
Using Web Sources
A web source is any source accessed through an internet
browser.
Before using any source, first determine its credibility. Then
decide if the source is appropriate and relevant for your
project. Find tips here.
Using Home Pages
A home page is the main page that loads when you type a
standard web address. For instance, if you type Google.com
into the web browser, you will be taken to Google’s home page.
If you do need to cite a home page, use the webpage’s title from
the browser. This is found by moving your mouse cursor
over the webpage name at the top of the browser. When citing a
homepage, it is likely because there is a news thread,
image, or basic piece of information about a company that you
wish to include in your assignment.

Using Specific Web Pages
If you are using any web page other than the home page, include
the specific title of the page and the direct link (when
possible) for that specific page in your Source List Entry.
If you used multiple pages from the same author/source, create
separate Source List Entries for each page when possible
(if the title and/or web address is different).
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/conducting_re
search/evaluating_sources_of_information/
Source List
The Source List (which includes the sources that you used in
your assignment) is a new page
that should be added at the end of your paper. The list has two
purposes; it credits the
authors you used and informs your readers how to find the
source. Build your Source List as
you write.
� Type “Sources” at the top of a new page.
� Include a numbered list of the sources you used in your
paper (the numbers
indicate the order in which you used them).
1. Use the number one (1) for the first source used in the paper,
the number
two (2) for the second source, and so on.
2. Use the same number for a source if you use it multiple

times.
� Ensure each source includes five parts: author or
organization, publication
date, title, page number (if needed), and how to find it. If you
have trouble
finding these details, then re-evaluate the credibility of your
source.
� Use the browser link for a public webpage.
� Use a permalink for a webpage when possible. Find tips
here.
� Instruct your readers how to find all sources that do not have
a browser link or
a permalink.
� Separate each Source List Element with a period on your
Source List.
Setting Up the
Source List Page
Creating a Source
List Entry
https://cdnapisec.kaltura.com/index.php/extwidget/preview/part
ner_id/956951/uiconf_id/38285871/entry_id/1_w9soryj6/embed/
dynamic
Source List Elements
AUTHOR PUBLICATION DATE TITLE PAGE NUMBER HOW

TO FIND
Michael Harvey
In the case of
multiple authors,
only list the first.
2013
This is not the same as
copyright date, which
is denoted by ©
The Nuts &
Bolts of College
Writing
p. 1
Include p. and the
page(s) used.
http://libdatab.strayer.edu/
login?url=http://search.ebscohost.
com/login.aspx?direct=true&db
=nlebk&AN=590706&site=eds-
live&scope=site
1. Michael Harvey. 2013. The Nuts & Bolts of College Writing.
http://libdatab.strayer.edu/login?url=http://search.
ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=590706&
site=eds-live&scope=site

Source List Elements Breakdown
AUTHOR
The person(s) who published the source. This can be a single
person, a group of people, or an organization. If the source
has no author, use “No author” where you would list the author.
PUBLICATION DATE
The date the source was published. If the source has no
publication date, use “No date” where you would list the date.
TITLE
The title of the source. If the source has no title, use “No title”
where you would list the title.
PAGE NUMBER
The page number(s) used. If the source has no page numbers,
omit this section from your Source List Entry.
HOW TO FIND
Instruct readers how to find all sources. Keep explanations
simple and concise, but provide enough information so the
source can be located. NOTE: It is your responsibility to make
sure the source can be found.
1. Michael Harvey. 2013. The Nuts & Bolts of College Writing.
p.1. http://libdatab.strayer.edu/login?url=http://search.
ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=590706&
site=eds-live&scope=site
2. William R. Stanek. 2010. Storyboarding Techniques chapter
in Effective Writing for Business, College and Life. http://

libdatab.strayer.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login
.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=359141&site=e
ds-live&scope=site&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_23
3. Zyad Hicham. 2017. Vocabulary Growth in College-Level
Students’ Narrative Writing. http://libdatab.strayer.edu/
login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&d
b=edsdoj&AN=edsdoj.9b7fad40e529462bafe3a936
aaf81420&site=eds-live&scope=site
4. Anya Kamenetz. July 10, 2015. The Writing Assignment That
Changes Lives. https://www.npr.org/sections/
ed/2015/07/10/419202925/the-writing-assignment-that-changes-
lives
5. Brad Thor. June 14, 2016. The Best Writing Advice I Ever
Got. http://time.com/4363050/brad-thor-best-writing-advice/
6. Karen Hertzberg. June 15, 2017. How to Improve Writing
Skills in 15 Easy Steps. https://www.grammarly.com/blog/
how-to-improve-writing-skills/
7. Roy Peter Clark. 2008. Writing Tools: 55 Essential Strategies
for Every Writer. p.55-67. Book on Amazon.com.
8. C.M. Gill. 2014. The Psychology of Grading and Scoring
chapter in Essential Writing Skills for College & Beyond.
Textbook.
9. ABC Company’s Policy & Procedures Committee. No Date.
Employee Dress and Attendance Policy. Policy in my office.
10. Henry M. Sayre. 2014. The Humanities: Culture, Continuity
and Change, Vol. 1. This is the HUM111 textbook.
11. Savannah Student. 2018. Image. http://www.studentsite.com

12. Don Dollarsign. 2018. Chart.
http://www.allaboutthemoney.com
13. Company Newsletter Name. 2018. Table. Company
Newsletter Printed Copy (provided upon request).
Writing Assignments
Strayer University uses several different types of writing
assignments. The Strayer University
Student Writing Standards are designed to allow flexibility in
formatting your assignment and
crediting your sources. This section covers specific areas to
help you properly format and
develop your assignments. NOTE: The specific format
guidelines override guidelines in the
General Standards section.
� Use double spacing throughout the body of your assignment.
� Use a consistent 12-point font throughout your assignment
submission. (For
acceptable fonts, see General Standards section.)
� Use the point of view (first or third person) required by the
assignment
guidelines.
� Section headings can be used to divide different content
areas. Align section
headings (centered) on the page, be consistent, and include at
least two

section headings in the assignment.
� Follow all other General Standards section guidelines.
� Title slides should include the project name (title your work
to capture
attention if possible), a subtitle (if needed), the course title, and
your name.
� Use spacing that improves professional style (mixing single
and double
spacing as needed).
� Use a background color or image on slides.
� Use Calibri, Lucida Console, Helvetica, Futura, Myriad Pro,
or Gill Sans font
styles.
� Use 28-32 point font size for the body of your slides (based
on your chosen
font style). Avoid font sizes smaller than 24-point.
� Use 36-44 point font size for the titles of your slides (based
on chosen font
style).
� Limit content per slide (no more than 7 lines on any slide
and no more than 7
words per line).
� Include slide numbers when your slide show has 3+ slides.
Place the numbers
wherever you like (but be consistent).
� Include appropriate images that connect directly to slide

content or
presentation content.
� Follow additional guidelines from the PowerPoint or
Slideshow Specific
Format Guidelines section and assignment guidelines.
Paper and Essay Specific
Format Guidelines
PowerPoint or Slideshow
Specific Format
Guidelines
Discussion Posts
When quoting or paraphrasing a source for discussion threads,
include the source number in
parenthesis after the body text where you quote or paraphrase.
At the end of your post, include
a list of any sources that you cited. For more information on
building a Source List Entry, see
Source List section.
The work is the important part of any writing assignment.
According to Smith, “writing things down is the biggest
challenge” (1). This is significant because…
SOURCE
1. William Smith. 2018. “The Way Things Are”.

http://www.samplesite.com/writing
If you pulled information from more than one source, continue
to number the additional sources in the order that they appear
in your post.
The work is the important part of any writing assignment.
According to Smith, “writing things down is the biggest
challenge” (1). This is significant because…
The other side of this is also important. It is noted that “actually
writing isn’t important as much as putting ideas
somewhere useful” (2).
SOURCE
1. William Smith. 2018. The Way Things Are.
http://www.samplesite.com/writing
2. Patricia Smith. 2018. The Way Things Really Are.
http://www.betterthansample.com/tiger
Effective Internet Links
When sharing a link to an article with your instructor and
classmates, start with a brief summary and why you chose to
share it.
For example:
Hey check out this article:
http://www.Jobs4You.FED/Jobs_u_can_get
After reading the textbook this week, I researched job sites. I
found an article on how to find the best job site depending
on the job you’re looking for. The author shared some
interesting tools such as job sites that collect job postings from

other sites and ranks them from newest to oldest, depending on
category. Check out the article at this link: http://www.
Jobs4You.FED/Jobs_u_can_get
Be sure to check the link you’re posting to be sure it will work
for your classmates. They should be able to simply click on
the link and go directly to your shared site.
Share vs. URL Options
Cutting and pasting the URL (web address) from your browser
may not allow others to view your source. This makes it hard
for people to connect to the content you used.
To avoid this problem, look for a “share” option and choose that
when possible so your classmates and professor get the
full, direct link. Always test your link(s) before submitting to
make sure they work.
If you cannot properly share the link, include the article as an
attachment. Interested classmates and your professor can
reference the article shared as an attachment. Find tips here.
https://nyti.ms/24L5XkV
Charts, Images, and Tables
Charts, images, and tables should be centered and followed by
an in-text citation. Design
your page and place a citation below the chart, image, or table.
When referring to the chart,
image, or table in the body of the assignment, use the citation.

� Author’s name (if created by you, provide your name)
� Date (if created by you, provide the year)
� Type (Chart, Image, or Table)
� How to find it (link or other information – See Source List
section for
additional details).
On your Source List, provide the
following details of the visual:
Name:
__________________________________________________
Rubric: Proposal and Annotated Bibliography
PROPOSAL
The following elements are graded for their focus, relevance,
and attention to detail.
· The research question
_________ / 10
· A summary of what you expect to discover
_________ / 10
· Subtopics you will need to research to fully understand your
topic _________ / 10
· Why the topic is important
_________ / 10
· Mechanics _________ /
10
PROPOSAL SUBTOTAL ________ / 50

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Citations ________ /10 citations at 10
points each = _________ / 100
Content Deductions
– _________
Citation includes:
· Citation in MLA format = 4 points each
· 3-5 sentence summary = 4 points each
· 1-2 evaluation of use = 2 points each
Formatting Deductions
– _________
Alphabetical order - 5 points Capitalize titles
-3 points
Double-spaced - 5 points Titles in
quote/italics -3 points
Hanging indent - 5 points URLs included
appropriately -2 points
Include header/heading - 3 points Font
-2 points
No extra space btwn entries - 2 points Title
-1 point
Spelling/punct (-½ each) -
___ points
Deductions for Late Submission or Other– _________
ANNOTATED BIB SUBTOTAL _________ / 100
TOTAL: __________ / 150

Doe 5
John Doe
Professor Laurie Phillips
ENGL 1301-51009
18 November 2015
Plague of the Unknown: The Necessity of Vaccination in the
Western World
Proposal
In this paper, I will attempt to answer the question “Why are
vaccines essential to the health of western civilization?” Lately,
multiple cases of preventable diseases like mumps, measles, and
whooping cough have appeared in North America. These
diseases were thought to have been eliminated by vaccines years
ago. This prompts me to wonder about how vaccines protect our
society’s health as a whole. Using primarily database articles
from Academic Search Complete and Opposing Viewpoints, I
will explore sub-topics such as these cases of preventable
diseases and theories on how they returned, reasons why parents
do not vaccinate, reasons why vaccinations are important, the
validity of claims that vaccines cause autism, and risks involved
from refusing vaccinations. I expect to discover that these
diseases are appearing again due to the current movement of
parents against vaccinations. Some theories have falsely
claimed that vaccines can cause disabilities like autism. As a
result, some parents refuse to have their children vaccinated,
thereby exposing the population to these diseases previously
thought to have been eliminated. My paper will attempt to prove
how necessary vaccines are in protecting the health of our
civilization as we know it.
Annotated Bibliography

Foxhall, Emily. "Vaccine Opponents Hold Firm." Los Angeles
Times. 26 Jan. 2015: B.1. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 16
Nov. 2015. This article explains the reasons why some parents
believe their children’s health is not going to improve by using
vaccines. Parents that support the anti-vaccination movement
say this is the time when parents have information available to
make informed decisions related to their children’s health.
Parents do not trust pharmaceutical companies, arguing that
vaccines are not safe for every child that is immunized. The
information contained in this article offers an insight that helps
to understand parents’ fears against vaccines.
Haynes, Charles C. "Vaccines, Science and the Limits of
Freedom." Salinas Californian. 11 Feb. 2015: A.2. SIRS Issues
Researcher. Web. 16 Nov. 2015. In this article, the author
explains that due to the recent outbreaks of preventable
diseases, this is the time to eliminate personal belief exemptions
and restrict the religious and philosophical ones. Haynes says
that individual rights is a valuable element in American society.
However, vaccination rights is a concept that puts both children
and the public health in general at risk. This article supports the
idea of limiting the vaccination exemptions, prioritizing the
common good of the community.
Offit, Paul A. "The Anti-Vaccination Epidemic." Wall Street
Journal. 25 Sep. 2014: A.21. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 16
Nov. 2015. Offit asserts that the recent outbreaks of “vaccine-
preventable diseases” observed in California and New York are
consequences of the anti-vaccination movement of highly
educated parents who are making misinformed decisions. The
author gives details of the increase of cases of whooping cough
and mumps disease in the last six years. This article contains
important quantitative data which shows the impact of having
unvaccinated people.
Perry, MaryJo. "Let Parents Make Informed Choices." USA
Today. 28 Jan. 2015: A.7. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 16
Nov. 2015. The co-director of Mississippi Parents for Vaccine
Rights argues in this article that because corporations cannot be

accountable in court for the safety of vaccines, the restrictive
laws imposing children’s immunizations violate people’s rights
to decide what is best for them and their children. This article
is an excellent source for the debate related to the limits
between individual freedom and the common good.
Ruderfer, Daniel, and Leonard R. Krilov. “Vaccine-Preventable
Outbreaks: Still with Us After All These Years.” Pediatric
Annals. Apr. 2015: e76-e81. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 16
Nov. 2015. The authors of this article explain in detail recent
outbreaks of measles, mumps, and pertussis in the United
States. In the article, detailed data is presented to explain the
prevalence of these diseases and the factors that contribute to
this phenomena. The data presented in this article can be used
in the introduction of the research paper in order to grab the
reader's attention.
Shapiro, Nina. "A Win for Vaccines, but Worries Remain." Wall
Street Journal. 24 Jul. 2015: A.9. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web.
16 Nov. 2015. Dr. Shapiro, the director of pediatric
otolaryngology at Mattel Children’s Hospital, explains in detail
the process of exceptions for vaccination in California. In the
process, the physician determines the legitimacy of medical
exemption due to depressed immune system or to severe allergic
reaction. However, the author argues that “antivaccination fear-
mongers” will still find forms of avoiding this law, which will
put at risk many people in the country. This article supports the
argument of more restrictive vaccination laws.
Siegel, Marc. "Fear Measles, Not Vaccines." Wall Street
Journal. 27 Jan. 2015: A.11. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 16
Nov. 2015. Dr. Siegel argues that diseases prevented by
vaccines are more harmful to people than the use of vaccines.
The author recalls the measles outbreak traced to the
Disneyland Park in 2014. Dr. Siegel explains the characteristics
that make measles a highly contagious disease and the
importance of vaccination to prevent massive infection in the
population. Siegel’s article contains important data related to
the use of vaccination for the prevention of measles disease.

"Vaccine Hesitancy: A Growing Challenge for Immunization
Programmes." Targeted News Service. 18 Aug. 2015: n.p. SIRS
Issues Researcher. Web. 16 Nov. 2015. This article addresses
the vaccination problems and the factors that contribute to
vaccine hesitancy. The United Nations World Health
Organization says vaccine hesitancy contributes to the
immunization gap in countries. Therefore, strategies should be
considered for the mitigation of this problem. This article offers
relevant information from a reliable organization that identifies
vaccine hesitancy as a concerning problem.
Weise, Elizabeth. "Whooping Cough Is on the Rise." Gannett
News Service. 19 Jul. 2012: n.p. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web.
16 Nov. 2015. Weise’s article addresses the pertussis disease
outbreak from a different perspective. The author argues that
the rise in whooping cough may be explained by a deficiency in
the vaccine developed in the 1990s. Weise explains that the
changes made in the older version of the vaccine were
motivated by “unproved and unscientific claims.” This article
may explain an indirect effect of the anti-vaccination
movement.
Welch, Matt, et al. "Should Vaccines Be Mandatory?" Reason.
Apr. 2014: 18-26. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 16 Nov. 2015.
This article synthesizes multiple points of views referring to
whether vaccines should be mandatory for the American
population and whether the U.S. government should have an
active role in enforcing this mandate. The information presented
in the article is useful for refuting a counterargument.

Essay 3 Proposal and Annotated BibliographyProposalResearch.docx

Essay 3 Proposal and Annotated BibliographyProposalResearch.docx

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Essay 3 Proposal and Annotated BibliographyProposalResearch.docx

Similar to Essay 3 Proposal and Annotated BibliographyProposalResearch.docx (20)

More from russelldayna

More from russelldayna (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Essay 3 Proposal and Annotated BibliographyProposalResearch.docx