Esia karot power

巴基斯坦卡洛特电力有限公司
KAROT POWER COMPANY (PVT.) LIMITED
720 MW KAROT HYDROPOWER PROJECT
UPDATED
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA)
JANUARY 2015
PAKISTAN ENGINEERING SERVICES (PVT.) LTD.
7-B, Street No. 12, Phase-V, DHA, Lahore Tel: 92-42-37182500-5
Fax: 92-42-37182508, Email: info@pespk.com, Web: www.pespk.com

KAROT POWER COMPANY (PVT.) LIMITED
720 MW KAROT HYDRPOWER PROJECT
UPDATED
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA)
January, 2015

Authors
The team for preparing the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of the Karot
Hydropower Project consists of the following members:
Name Position in Team
Dr. Mohammad Nawaz Tariq Chief Environmental Engineer
M. Naeem Akhtar Principal Envornmnetalist
Muhammad Saleem Principal Sociologist
Muhammad Asif Principal Design Engineer
Muhammad Tariq Vegetation Expert
Attia Dastgir Fishery Expert
Mr. Rafaqat Masroor Amphibian & Reptiles Specialist
Mr. Muhammad Kabir Birds Specialist
Mr. Shoaib Hameed Mammals Specialist

Updated Environmental &
720 MW Karot Hydropower Project Social Impact Assessment
TOC-I January 2015
UPDATED
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................ES-1
1.1 Project Review...................................................................................................................ES-1
1.2 Present Updated EIA Study ..............................................................................................ES-1
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION................................................................................................ES-2
2.1 Project Access...................................................................................................................ES-2
2.2 Project Components..........................................................................................................ES-2
2.3 Dam Safety........................................................................................................................ES-2
2.4 Prone Areas of Reservoir ..................................................................................................ES-3
2.5 Flood Study .......................................................................................................................ES-3
2.6 Project Operation...............................................................................................................ES-3
2.7 Energy Generation ............................................................................................................ES-4
2.8 Sediment Management .....................................................................................................ES-4
2.9 Environmental Flows .........................................................................................................ES-4
2.10 Construction Facilities at Dam Site ...................................................................................ES-4
2.11 Construction Schedule ......................................................................................................ES-4
2.12 Material Source Planning ..................................................................................................ES-4
2.13 Switchyard and Transmission Line....................................................................................ES-5
2.14 Project Layout Alternatives................................................................................................ES-5
3. LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK................................................................ES-5
3.1 Pakistan Environmental Protection Legislation IEE/EIA ..................................................ES-5
3.2 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997 (PEPA - 1997)............................................ES-5
3.3 The AJK, Environmental Protection Act, 2000 ..................................................................ES-6
3.4 Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak. EPA) ...................................................ES-6
3.5 Environmental Tribunals....................................................................................................ES-6
3.6 Catagorisation of the Project .............................................................................................ES-6
3.7 National Resettlement Policy and Ordinance....................................................................ES-6
3.8 Land Acquisition Act 1894.................................................................................................ES-6

TOC-II January 2015
3.9 Legislation on Environmental Management Plan (EMP)...................................................ES-7
3.10 National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS)..........................................................ES-7
3.11 Other Relevant Regulations for Karot Hydropower Project...............................................ES-7
3.11.1 Land Acquisition Procedures.............................................................................................ES-7
3.11.2 The Forest Act, 1927 and the Forest (Amendment) Act 2010 ..........................................ES-7
3.11.3 Wildlife Act of 1975............................................................................................................ES-7
3.11.4 Antiquities Act of 1975.......................................................................................................ES-7
3.11.5 Local Government Ordinance of 2001 ..............................................................................ES-7
3.11.6 Regulations for Mines and Oil Fields/ Mineral Development Act of 1948 .........................ES-8
3.11.7 Motor Vehicles Ordinance of 1965 ....................................................................................ES-8
3.11.8 Factories Act of 1934.........................................................................................................ES-8
3.11.9 Highways Safety Ordinance of 2000.................................................................................ES-8
3.11.10 Pakistan Penal Code of 1860............................................................................................ES-8
3.11.11 Explosives Act of 1884 ......................................................................................................ES-8
3.11.12 Environmental Tribunal Rules of 1999 ..............................................................................ES-9
3.11.13 Forest Regulation Rules 2 of 1930....................................................................................ES-9
3.12 Interaction with other Agencies .........................................................................................ES-9
3.12.1 Punjab and AJK- EPAs......................................................................................................ES-9
3.12.2 Revenue Departments of Punjab and AJK........................................................................ES-9
3.12.3 Punjab and AJK Forestry and Wildlife Departments .........................................................ES-9
3.12.4 Local Government and Municipalities ...............................................................................ES-9
3.13 Requirements of External Support Agencies ..................................................................ES-10
3.13.1 IFC‟s Requirements.........................................................................................................ES-10
3.14 The Karot Hydropower Project........................................................................................ES-10
4. BASELINE CONDITIONS...............................................................................................ES-10
4.1 Baseline Burvey Bethodology .........................................................................................ES-10
4.2 Physical Environment......................................................................................................ES-10
4.2.1 Topography .....................................................................................................................ES-10
4.2.2 Geology ...........................................................................................................................ES-11
4.2.3 Seismology......................................................................................................................ES-11
4.2.4 Soils.................................................................................................................................ES-11

TOC-III January 2015
4.2.5 Climate.............................................................................................................................ES-11
4.2.6 Rainfall.............................................................................................................................ES-11
4.2.7 Temperature....................................................................................................................ES-11
4.2.8 Hydrology ........................................................................................................................ES-12
4.2.9 River Water Quality .........................................................................................................ES-12
4.2.10 Ambient Air Quality..........................................................................................................ES-12
4.2.11 Noise Levels ....................................................................................................................ES-12
4.3 Biological Environment....................................................................................................ES-12
4.3.1 Vegetation Study: ............................................................................................................ES-12
4.3.2 Natural Fauna..................................................................................................................ES-13
4.3.3 Fish Biodiversity ..............................................................................................................ES-13
4.3.4 Protected Area.................................................................................................................ES-13
4.4 Socio - Economic Environment .......................................................................................ES-14
4.4.1 Census Survey of Affected Households..........................................................................ES-14
4.4.2 Administrative and Social Set-up ....................................................................................ES-14
4.4.3 Demography and Population...........................................................................................ES-14
4.4.4 Project Area Population...................................................................................................ES-14
4.4.5 Religion............................................................................................................................ES-14
4.4.6 Culture and Local Traditions ...........................................................................................ES-14
4.4.7 Tribes in Project Area......................................................................................................ES-15
4.4.8 Mechanism for Resolving Disputes .................................................................................ES-15
4.4.9 Language.........................................................................................................................ES-15
4.4.10 Educational Facilities.......................................................................................................ES-15
4.4.11 Literacy ............................................................................................................................ES-15
4.4.12 Health Services ...............................................................................................................ES-15
4.4.13 Occupation / Livelihood ...................................................................................................ES-15
4.4.14 Income.............................................................................................................................ES-15
4.4.15 Credit Availability.............................................................................................................ES-15
4.4.16 Agriculture .......................................................................................................................ES-16
4.4.17 Tenancy Status................................................................................................................ES-16
4.4.18 Land Holding Size ...........................................................................................................ES-16

TOC-IV January 2015
4.4.19 Livestock..........................................................................................................................ES-16
4.4.20 Grazing ............................................................................................................................ES-16
4.4.21 Banking............................................................................................................................ES-16
4.4.22 Housing ...........................................................................................................................ES-16
4.4.23 Drinking Water Supply.....................................................................................................ES-16
4.4.24 Sanitation.........................................................................................................................ES-16
4.4.25 Electricity .........................................................................................................................ES-17
4.4.26 Road Network..................................................................................................................ES-17
4.4.27 Industry............................................................................................................................ES-17
4.4.28 Minerals ...........................................................................................................................ES-17
4.4.29 Cultural Heritage..............................................................................................................ES-17
4.4.30 Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) .....................................................................ES-17
4.4.31 Gender Status in the Project Area...................................................................................ES-17
4.5 Socio-Economic Profile of Affected Households.............................................................ES-17
5. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION..................ES-18
6. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION.........................................................ES-18
6.1 Design Related Impacts and Mitigation...........................................................................ES-19
6.1.1 Permanent Land Acquisition ...........................................................................................ES-19
6.1.2 Loss of Houses................................................................................................................ES-19
6.1.3 Loss of Commercial Structures and income....................................................................ES-19
6.1.4 Daily Wage Earners.........................................................................................................ES-20
6.1.5 Relocation of Public Infrastructures.................................................................................ES-20
6.1.6 Relocation of Community Structures...............................................................................ES-20
6.1.7 Relocation of Roads and Bridges....................................................................................ES-21
6.1.8 Vulnerability Status of Affected Households ...................................................................ES-21
6.1.9 Health and Safety Aspects of Workers............................................................................ES-21
6.2 Construction Related Impacts and Mitigation..................................................................ES-21
6.2.1 Dust Impacts....................................................................................................................ES-21
6.2.2 Excavated Material..........................................................................................................ES-21
6.2.3 Traffic Aspects and Access .............................................................................................ES-22
6.2.4 Air Quality ........................................................................................................................ES-22

TOC-V January 2015
6.2.5 Noise................................................................................................................................ES-22
6.2.6 River Water Quality .........................................................................................................ES-22
6.2.7 Fishery.............................................................................................................................ES-23
6.2.8 Landscaping ....................................................................................................................ES-23
6.2.9 Post Construction Site Restoration and Rehabilitation ...................................................ES-23
6.2.10 Soil Erosion .....................................................................................................................ES-23
6.2.11 Affected Trees/Forest......................................................................................................ES-23
6.2.12 Fauna...............................................................................................................................ES-24
6.2.13 Community Health, Safety and Security..........................................................................ES-24
6.2.14 Traffic Disruption and Community Safety........................................................................ES-24
6.2.15 Workers‟ Camp Solid and Liquid Wastes........................................................................ES-24
6.2.16 Fuel and Hazardous Material Storage Sites....................................................................ES-25
6.2.17 Socio-Economic Aspects.................................................................................................ES-25
6.2.18 Chance Find ....................................................................................................................ES-25
6.2.19 Post Construction Site Restoration and Rehabilitation ...................................................ES-25
6.3 Operation Related Impacts and mitigation ......................................................................ES-25
6.3.1 Microclimate and Emissions of Green House Gases......................................................ES-25
6.3.2 Fishery.............................................................................................................................ES-26
6.3.3 Impact of River Water Sediment and Sediment Flushing ...............................................ES-26
6.3.4 Collection of Sand ...........................................................................................................ES-27
6.3.5 Socio-Economic Aspects.................................................................................................ES-27
6.4 Deccomissioning of the Project .......................................................................................ES-27
6.5 Cumulative River Basin Impacts .....................................................................................ES-27
6.5.1 Cumulative Impact on River Flows..................................................................................ES-27
6.5.2 Cumulative Impact on Aquatic Ecology...........................................................................ES-27
6.5.3 Climate Change & its Relevance.....................................................................................ES-28
6.5.4 Adaptation in the wake of Climate Change Impacts .......................................................ES-28
6.5.5 Climate Change in Himalayas .........................................................................................ES-28
6.5.6 Climate Change Effects on Jehlum River........................................................................ES-28
6.6 Positive Impacts ..............................................................................................................ES-28
6.7 Socio-Environmental Uplift Programme ..........................................................................ES-28

TOC-VI January 2015
7. INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL
MANAGEMENT PLAN....................................................................................................ES-29
7.1 Institutional Arrangements...............................................................................................ES-29
7.2 Environmental and Social Management Plan .................................................................ES-29
7.3 Site Specific Environmental Management Plans (SSEMPs)...........................................ES-29
7.4 Monitoring and Evaluation...............................................................................................ES-29
8. ENVIRONMRNTAL AND RESETTLEMENT COSTS ....................................................ES-29
CHAPTER –1........................................................................................................................................30
INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................30
1.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................................30
1.2 Objectives..............................................................................................................................30
1.3 Scope of Consultant Service .................................................................................................30
1.4 Present Updated EIA Study ..................................................................................................30
CHAPTER - 2........................................................................................................................................32
PROJECT DESCRIPTION....................................................................................................................32
2.1 Project Background ...............................................................................................................32
2.2 Project Location.....................................................................................................................32
2.3 Project Access.......................................................................................................................35
2.3.1 Project Approach Road ........................................................................................................35
2.3.2 Project Approach by other Modes of Transport ....................................................................35
2.3.3 Equipment Transport.............................................................................................................35
2.3.4 Selection of Mode of Transport .............................................................................................36
2.3.5 General Problems Relating to Very Heavy Loads Transportation ........................................36
2.3.6 Mode of Transportation by Rail up to Rawat.........................................................................36
2.3.7 Recommendations.................................................................................................................37
2.4 Project Components..............................................................................................................37
2.4.1 Dam, Reservoir and Power Intake ........................................................................................41
2.4.2 Headrace Tunnels .................................................................................................................41
2.4.3 Penstocks and Powerhouse..................................................................................................42
2.4.4 Processing Standard of Inundation .......................................................................................42
2.5 Dam Safety............................................................................................................................51
2.6 Prone areas of reservoir........................................................................................................52

TOC-VII January 2015
2.7 Flood Study ...........................................................................................................................58
2.8 project Operation...................................................................................................................60
2.8.1 Energy Generation ................................................................................................................60
2.9 Sediment Management .........................................................................................................61
2.10 Environmental flows ..............................................................................................................62
2.10.1 Hydraulic Design for Ecological Feed Pipe ...........................................................................62
2.11 Construction Facilities at the Dam Site .................................................................................62
2.12 Construction Schedule ..........................................................................................................64
2.13 Material source planning .......................................................................................................65
2.14 Switchyard and Transmission Line........................................................................................65
2.14.1 Method of Connection to Electric Power System ..................................................................66
2.15 Alternative options for Karot hPP ..........................................................................................67
2.15.1 Project Alternatives................................................................................................................67
2.15.2 Carbon Credits ......................................................................................................................68
2.15.3 Non-Renewable Option .........................................................................................................68
2.15.4 „‟No Project‟‟ Option...............................................................................................................69
CHAPTER - 3........................................................................................................................................70
LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ...................................................................................70
3.1 General..................................................................................................................................70
3.2 Pakistan Environmental Protection Legislation .....................................................................70
3.2.1 Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)/ Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) .............70
3.3 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997 (Pak-EPA Act 1997).......................................70
3.4 The AJK, Environmental Protection Act, 2000 ......................................................................71
3.5 Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak. EPA) .......................................................71
3.6 Environmental Tribunals........................................................................................................72
3.7 Catagorisation of the Project .................................................................................................72
3.8 National Resettlement Policy and Ordinance........................................................................72
3.9 Land Acquisition Act 1894.....................................................................................................73
3.10 Legislation on Environmental Management Plan (EMP).......................................................73
3.11 National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS)..............................................................73
3.12 Other Relevant Regulations for Karot Hydropower Project...................................................74

TOC-VIII January 2015
3.12.1 Land Acquisition Procedures.................................................................................................74
3.12.2 The Forest Act, 1927 and the Forest (Amendment) Act 2010 ..............................................74
3.12.3 Wildlife Act of 1975................................................................................................................74
3.12.4 Punjab wildlife Protection, Preservation, Conservation & Management Act, 1974...............74
3.12.5 AJK Wildlife (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and Management) Ordinance, 2013 .74
3.12.6 The Fisheries Act, 1897 and Punjab Fisheries Ordinance, 1961..........................................75
3.12.7 Antiquities Act of 1975...........................................................................................................75
3.12.8 Local Government Ordinance of 2001 ..................................................................................75
3.12.9 Regulations for Mines and Oil Fields/ Mineral Development Act of 1948 .............................75
3.12.10 Motor Vehicles Ordinance of 1965 ........................................................................................75
3.12.11 Factories Act of 1934.............................................................................................................75
3.12.12 Highways Safety Ordinance of 2000.....................................................................................76
3.12.13 Pakistan Penal Code of 1860................................................................................................76
3.12.14 Explosives Act of 1884 ..........................................................................................................76
3.12.15 Environmental Tribunal Rules of 1999 ..................................................................................76
3.12.16 Forest Regulation Rules 2 of 1930........................................................................................76
3.12.17 Punjab Forest Act, 1927........................................................................................................76
3.12.18 Jammu and Kashmir Forest Regulations, 1930 ....................................................................76
3.13 Interaction with other Agencies .............................................................................................77
3.13.1 Punjab and AJK- EPAs..........................................................................................................77
3.13.2 Revenue Departments of Punjab and AJK............................................................................77
3.13.3 Punjab and AJK Forestry and Wildlife Departments .............................................................77
3.13.4 Local Government and Municipalities ...................................................................................78
3.14 Requirements of External Support Agencies ........................................................................78
3.14.1 IFC‟s Requirements...............................................................................................................78
3.14.2 IFC's Performance Standards on Social and Environmental ................................................79
3.14.3 IFC‟s Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) General Guidelines ....................................80
3.14.4 IFC's Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission and
Distribution.............................................................................................................................81
3.14.5 World Commission on Dams (WCD).....................................................................................81
3.14.6 Equator Principles .................................................................................................................81
3.15 The Karot Hydropower Project ..............................................................................................81

TOC-IX January 2015
CHAPTER –4........................................................................................................................................82
BASELINE CONDITIONS ....................................................................................................................82
4.1 Overview of Baseline.............................................................................................................82
4.2 Baseline Survey Methodology...............................................................................................82
4.2.1 Delineation of the Study Area................................................................................................82
4.2.2 Data Collection ......................................................................................................................83
4.3 Physical Environment............................................................................................................84
4.3.1 Topography ...........................................................................................................................84
4.3.2 Geology of Project Area ........................................................................................................85
4.3.3 Seismology............................................................................................................................85
4.3.4 Soils.......................................................................................................................................85
4.3.5 Climate...................................................................................................................................85
4.3.6 Rainfall...................................................................................................................................85
4.3.7 Temperature..........................................................................................................................87
4.3.8 Hydrology ..............................................................................................................................88
4.3.9 Hydrological Stations.............................................................................................................88
4.3.10 River Water Quality ...............................................................................................................89
4.3.11 Ambient Air Quality................................................................................................................90
4.3.12 Noise Levels ..........................................................................................................................91
4.4 Biological Environment..........................................................................................................92
4.4.1 Vegetation Study ...................................................................................................................92
4.4.1.1 Survey Methodology Adopted ...............................................................................................92
4.4.1.2 Plant Species in the Project Area..........................................................................................92
4.4.1.3 Fruit Trees .............................................................................................................................95
4.4.1.4 Forests in the Project Area....................................................................................................95
4.4.1.5 Cover Percentage, Species Composition and Forage Production........................................96
4.4.1.6 Conservation Status of Flora of Karot HPP...........................................................................97
4.4.2 Fauna Study ..........................................................................................................................97
4.4.2.1 Approach and Methodology ..................................................................................................98
4.4.2.2 Existing Fauna of the Project Area........................................................................................99
4.4.2.3 Conservation Status of Species ..........................................................................................102

TOC-X January 2015
4.4.3 Fish in the Project Area .......................................................................................................103
4.4.4 Protected Areas...................................................................................................................104
4.5 Socio – Economic Environment ..........................................................................................104
4.5.1 Census Survey of Affected Households..............................................................................104
4.5.2 Methodology Adopted During 2009 for Socio-Economic Baseline .....................................105
4.5.3 Sampling Design .................................................................................................................106
4.5.4 Administrative and Social Set-up ........................................................................................106
4.5.5 Demography and Population...............................................................................................106
4.5.6 Project Area Population.......................................................................................................107
4.5.7 Religion................................................................................................................................107
4.5.8 Culture and Local Traditions ...............................................................................................108
4.5.9 Tribes in Project Area..........................................................................................................108
4.5.10 Mechanism for Resolving Disputes .....................................................................................108
4.5.11 Language.............................................................................................................................108
4.5.12 Educational Facilities...........................................................................................................109
4.5.13 Literacy ................................................................................................................................109
4.5.14 Health Services ...................................................................................................................109
4.5.15 Occupation / Livelihood .......................................................................................................110
4.5.16 Income.................................................................................................................................111
4.5.17 Credit Availability.................................................................................................................111
4.5.18 Agriculture ...........................................................................................................................112
4.5.19 Tenancy Status....................................................................................................................113
4.5.20 Land Holding Size ...............................................................................................................113
4.5.21 Livestock..............................................................................................................................113
4.5.22 Grazing ................................................................................................................................114
4.5.23 Nomads ...............................................................................................................................114
4.5.24 Banking................................................................................................................................114
4.5.25 Housing ...............................................................................................................................114
4.5.26 Drinking Water Supply.........................................................................................................114
4.5.27 Sanitation.............................................................................................................................115
4.5.28 Electricity .............................................................................................................................115

TOC-XI January 2015
4.5.29 Existing Road Network/Bridges in the Project Area ............................................................115
4.5.30 Industry................................................................................................................................116
4.5.31 Minerals ...............................................................................................................................116
4.5.32 Cultural Heritage..................................................................................................................116
4.5.33 Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) .........................................................................117
4.5.34 Gender Status in the Project Area.......................................................................................117
4.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS.......................................119
4.6.1 Population of Affected Area.................................................................................................119
4.6.2 Age ......................................................................................................................................119
4.6.3 Marital Status.......................................................................................................................119
4.6.4 Education.............................................................................................................................119
4.6.5 Tribes...................................................................................................................................120
4.6.6 Occupation ..........................................................................................................................120
4.6.7 Sand Collection ...................................................................................................................120
4.6.8 Language.............................................................................................................................121
4.6.9 Family Structure ..................................................................................................................121
4.6.10 Monthly Income ...................................................................................................................121
4.6.11 Housing Characteristics.......................................................................................................121
4.6.12 Number of Rooms ...............................................................................................................122
4.6.13 Number of Latrines/Bathrooms ...........................................................................................122
4.6.14 Housing Area.......................................................................................................................122
4.6.15 Amount Borrowed................................................................................................................122
4.6.16 Size of Land Holdings..........................................................................................................122
4.6.17 Major Crops .........................................................................................................................122
4.6.18 Source of Water...................................................................................................................122
4.6.19 Vulnerability Status of Affected Households .......................................................................123
4.6.20 Choice of Resettlement .......................................................................................................123
4.7 Gender Analysis ..................................................................................................................123
4.7.1 Education.............................................................................................................................123
4.7.2 Marital Status.......................................................................................................................123
4.7.3 Health Status .......................................................................................................................123

TOC-XII January 2015
4.7.4 Family Members Accompanying the Female for Treatment ...............................................124
4.7.5 Role in Decision Making......................................................................................................124
4.7.6 Priority of Services of Food .................................................................................................124
4.7.7 How often they Travel Outside ............................................................................................124
4.7.8 Daily Routine Work of Respondents ...................................................................................124
4.7.9 Project Awareness...............................................................................................................124
4.7.10 Present Skill and Willing to Receive Training......................................................................124
CHAPTER – 5.....................................................................................................................................125
INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION .....................................125
5.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................125
5.2 Objectives............................................................................................................................125
5.3 Identification of Stakeholders ..............................................................................................126
5.3.1 Primary Stakeholders ..........................................................................................................126
5.3.2 Secondary Stakeholders .....................................................................................................126
5.4 Methodology........................................................................................................................126
5.5 Public consultation...............................................................................................................127
5.6 Feed back from Consultations.............................................................................................127
5.6.1 Community Concerns..........................................................................................................127
5.6.2 Consultation with Secondary Stakeholders.........................................................................128
5.7 Future Consultations ...........................................................................................................128
5.8 Procedure for Public Disclosure ..........................................................................................129
5.8.1 Information Disclosure.........................................................................................................129
5.9 Public Hearing .....................................................................................................................130
CHAPTER – 6.....................................................................................................................................131
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION ............................................................................131
6.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................131
6.2 Design Related Impacts and Mitigation...............................................................................133
6.2.1 Permanent Land Acquisition ...............................................................................................133
6.2.2 Loss of Houses....................................................................................................................134
6.2.3 Loss of Economics Assets ..................................................................................................135
6.2.3.1 Loss of Commercial Structures and Income .......................................................................135

TOC-XIII January 2015
6.2.3.2 Daily Wage Earners.............................................................................................................136
6.2.4 Relocation of Public Infrastructures.....................................................................................137
6.2.5 Relocation of Community Structures...................................................................................137
6.2.6 Relocation of Roads and Bridges........................................................................................137
6.2.7 Route of Nomads.................................................................................................................140
6.2.8 Vulnerability Status of Affected Households .......................................................................140
6.2.9 Health and Safety Aspects of Workers................................................................................141
6.3 Construction Related Impacts and mitigation......................................................................142
6.3.1 Dust Impacts........................................................................................................................142
6.3.2 Excavated Material..............................................................................................................143
6.3.3 Traffic Aspects and Access .................................................................................................146
6.3.4 Air Quality ............................................................................................................................146
6.3.5 Noise Aspects......................................................................................................................147
6.3.6 River Water Quality .............................................................................................................148
6.3.7 Fishery.................................................................................................................................148
6.3.8 Landscaping ........................................................................................................................149
6.3.9 Post Construction Site Restoration and Rehabilitation .......................................................150
6.3.10 Soil Erosion .........................................................................................................................150
6.3.11 Affected Trees/Forest..........................................................................................................151
6.3.12 Fauna...................................................................................................................................154
6.3.13 National Parks/Wildlife Sanctuaries ....................................................................................156
6.3.14 Community Health, Safety and Security..............................................................................156
6.3.15 Workers‟ Camp Solid and Liquid Wastes............................................................................157
6.3.16 Fuel and Hazardous Material Storage Sites........................................................................159
6.3.17 Socio-economic Aspects .....................................................................................................160
6.3.18 Chance Find ........................................................................................................................161
6.4 Operation Related Impacts and mitigation ..........................................................................162
6.4.1 Microclimate and Emissions of Green House Gases..........................................................162
6.4.2 Fishery.................................................................................................................................162
6.4.3 Impact of River Water Sediment and Sediment Flushing ...................................................164
6.4.4 Collection of Sand ...............................................................................................................165

TOC-XIV January 2015
6.4.5 Socio-Economic Aspects.....................................................................................................166
6.5 Decommissionig of the Project............................................................................................166
6.6 Cumulative River Basin Impacts .........................................................................................168
6.6.1 Cumulative Impact on River Flows......................................................................................172
6.6.2 Cumulative Impact on Aquatic Ecology...............................................................................172
6.6.3 Climate Change & its Relevance.........................................................................................172
6.6.4 Adaptation in the wake of Climate Change Impacts ...........................................................173
6.6.5 Climate change in Himalayas..............................................................................................173
6.6.6 Climate change effects on Jehlum River.............................................................................174
6.7 Positive Impacts ..................................................................................................................175
6.8 Socio-Environmental Uplift ..................................................................................................175
CHAPTER – 7.....................................................................................................................................177
INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
............................................................................................................................................................177
7.1 Institutional Arrangement ....................................................................................................177
7.1.1 Institutional Set-up and Formation of Environmental Management Unit (EMU) .................177
7.2 Complaints and Grievance Redressal.................................................................................178
7.3 Environmental Review and Approval ..................................................................................179
7.4 Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)........................................................179
7.5 Site Specific Environmental Management Plans (SSEMPS) ..............................................180
7.5.1 Construction Phase SSEMPs..............................................................................................180
7.5.2 Operation Phase SSEMPs ..................................................................................................180
7.6 Monitoring and Evaluation...................................................................................................206
7.6.1 Internal Monitoring...............................................................................................................206
7.6.2 External Monitoring..............................................................................................................206
7.7 Environmental and Social Training......................................................................................214
7.8 Incident Management Procedures ......................................................................................214
7.9 Emergency Preparedness and Response Procedures .......................................................215
7.9.1 Define the Problem..............................................................................................................215
7.9.2 Manage the Situation...........................................................................................................215
7.9.3 After the Event.....................................................................................................................215
7.9.4 Operation Contractor Emergency Response Procedures...................................................215

TOC-XV January 2015
CHAPTER – 8.....................................................................................................................................217
ENVIRONMENTAL AND RESETTLEMENT COSTS ........................................................................217
8.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................217
8.2 Overall Environmental and Resettlement Costs .................................................................217
8.3 Land Acquisition Cost..........................................................................................................217
8.4 Resettlement Cost of Affected Houses ...............................................................................218
8.5 Compensation Cost of Buisness Enterprises......................................................................218
8.6 Business Loss Allowance....................................................................................................218
8.7 Vulnerability Allowance........................................................................................................218
8.8 Project Affectees Allowance................................................................................................218
8.9 Compensation Costof Affected Trees .................................................................................218
8.10 Relocation of Government and Community Infrastructures ................................................219
8.11 Management and Monitoring Cost ......................................................................................219
8.12 Socio-Environmental Uplift Cost..........................................................................................219
8.13 Contingencies......................................................................................................................219
8.14 Resettlement Budget...........................................................................................................221
CHAPTER – 9.....................................................................................................................................222
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS..................................................................................222
9.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................222
9.2 Conclusions .........................................................................................................................222
9.3 Recommendations...............................................................................................................223

TOC-XVI January 2015
TABLES
Table 2.1: Physical Components of Karot Hydropower Project ...........................................37
Table 2.2: Standard Meter of Designed Flood for Different Floored Object .........................42
Table 2.3: Scope of the Influenced Area of Reservoir of Karot Hydropower Project ............53
Table 2.4: Recorded Maximum Monthly Water Levels in 2013 (May ~September)..............58
Table 2.5: Main Momentum Indicators under the Recommended Scenario........................60
Table 2.6: Average Energy Output by Month and Percentage to Annual Total....................61
Table 2.7: Main Indicators of Owner‟s Permanent Campsite...............................................63
Table 4.1: Climatological Data ............................................................................................89
Table 4.2: Hydrological Data...............................................................................................89
Table 4.3: Water Quality of River Jhelum............................................................................90
Table 4.4: Ambient Air Quality at Dam Site .........................................................................91
Table 4.5: Ambient Air Quality at Powerhouse Site .............................................................91
Table 4.6: Noise Levels at Various Location of the Project Area .........................................91
Table 4.7: List of Plant Species in the Project Area.............................................................92
Table 4.8: Type of Fruit Trees in Project Area.....................................................................95
Table 4.9: District-wise Forest Types Area in Project Area (in ha and %age).....................95
Table 4.10: Location wise Cover percentage, Species Composition and Forage Production in
Karot HPP.............................................................................................................97
Table 4.11: Checklist of Mammals ....................................................................................101
Table 4.12: Village Wise Households and Sample Size ....................................................106
Table 4.13: District wise and Projected Population in the Project Area..............................106
Table 4.14: Population of the Sample Villages in Project Area..........................................107
Table 4.15: Major Castes, Religion and Spoken Language in Sample Villages of Project
Area- District Rawalpindi.....................................................................................108
Table 4.16: Education Facilities in Project Area ................................................................109
Table 4.17: Profession/Occupation in Project Area ...........................................................110
Table 4.18: Household Income .........................................................................................111
Table 4.19: Status of Agriculture in the Project Area .........................................................112

TOC-XVII January 2015
Table 4.20: Fruit Production and Area in Rawalpindi District.............................................113
Table 4.21: Livestock/ Poultry Heads in Sample Villages ..................................................113
Table 4.22: Basic Infrastructure in Project Area ................................................................116
Table 4.23: NGO‟s working in Rawalpindi and AJK...........................................................117
Table 4.24: Basic Characteristics of the Population in Project Affected Area ....................119
Table 4.25: Age status of the Affected Households...........................................................119
Table 4.26: Educational Status of the Affected Households ..............................................120
Table 4.27: Percentage of Occupation of Affected Households.........................................120
Table 4.28: Family Structure of the Affected Households..................................................121
Table 4.29: Monthly Income of Affected Households ........................................................121
Table 4.30: Type of Construction of Affected Houses .......................................................121
Table 4.31: Percentage of Number of Rooms in Affected Houses.....................................122
Table 4.32: Land Holding Size ..........................................................................................122
Table 4.33: Vulnerable Groups .........................................................................................123
Table 5.1: Name of Villages and Number of Participants Consulted..................................127
Table 6.1: Type of Affected Assets and Number of Affected Households..........................131
Table 6.2: Type and Number of Relocation/Protection of Community and Public
Infrastructures.....................................................................................................132
Table 6.3: Permanent Land Acquisition due to Project Interventions.................................133
Table 6.4: Number of Lost Houses and Affected Persons in the Project Area ..................134
Table 6.5: Impacts on Commercial Structures and Income ...............................................135
Table 6.6: Affected Daily Wage Earners............................................................................136
Table 6.7: Location of Road Sections and Bridges to be relocated in Reservoir Area .......139
Table 6.8: Quantities of Excavated Material ......................................................................143
Table 6.9: Ownership and type of Trees affected due to Construction Activities................151
Table 6.10: Existing and Proposed Hydropower Projects in the Jhelum River Basin.........168
Table 7.1: Environmental and Social Management Plan ...................................................182
Table 7.2: Environmental Monitoring Plan.........................................................................208
Table 8.1: Environmental and Resettlement Cost Estimate...............................................219

TOC-XVIII January 2015
FIGURES:
Figure 2.1: Project Location Map ........................................................................................33
Figure 2.2: Project Layout Satellite Imagery........................................................................34
Figure 2.3: Project Layout Plan...........................................................................................39
Figure 2.4: Project Layout Plan (3D Perspective View) .......................................................40
Figure 2.5. Layout of Reservoir Area 7-1.............................................................................44
Figure 2.9. Layout of reservoir area 7-5 ..............................................................................48
Figure 2.10. Layout of Reservoir Area 7-6...........................................................................49
Figure 2.11. Layout of Reservoir Area 7-7...........................................................................50
Figure 2.12: Reservoir Prone Area (Suspension Bridge Area on Left Bank)........................54
Figure 2.13: Reservoir Prone Area (Deformation Area on the Right Bank)..........................55
Figure 2.14: Reservoir Prone Area (Substation Area on the Right Bank) ............................56
Figure 2.15: Reservoir Prone Area (Downstream on Azad Pattan Bridge of the
Right Bank) ...........................................................................................................57
Figure 2.16: Peak Flood Discharge Series at Karot and Azad Pattan Stations....................58
Figure 2.17: Construction Facilities .....................................................................................63
Figure 4.1: Mean Monthly Precipitations at Various Rain Gauging Stations ........................86
Figure 4.2: Mean Annual Precipitations for the Watershed..................................................86
Figure 4.3: Average Annual Precipitations for the Watershed .............................................87
Figure 4.4: Mean Monthly Temperature at Mangla Reservoir..............................................87
Figure 4.5: Mean Annual Temperatures at Domel...............................................................88
Figure 4.6: Sampling Points/Transects along Karot HPP ....................................................99
Figure 4.7: Sampling Points for Birds – Karot HPP ..........................................................100
Figure 4.8: Existing Access Road Rawalpindi/Islamabad – Kahuta – Karot/Azad Pattan ..115
Figure 6.1: Existing Rawalpindi – Kahuta – Kotli Road......................................................138

TOC-XIX January 2015
Figure 6.2: Alignment of Road to be Re-Located...............................................................139
Figure 6.3: Disposal Sites for Excavated Material .............................................................145
Figure 6.4: Existing and Proposed Hydropower Projects in the Jhelum River Basin..........171
Figure 7.1: Institutional Setup for ESMP Implementation ..................................................178
REFERENCES
APPENDICES:
Appendix – I National Environmental Quality Standards
Appendix – II Proformas for Socio-Environmental Survey
Appendix – III List of Participants and their Concerns during Stakeholders Consultations
Appendix – IV Laboratory Water analysis Results
Appendix – V SGC Report on Ambient Air, Noise Water Quality
Appendix – VI Vegetation Study
Appendix – VII Fauna Study
Appendix – VIII Fish Study
Appendix – IX Rate List of Land Provided by District Management
PHOTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTATION
A- Photographs Showing Meetings with Officers of Line Departments
B- Photographs Showing Scoping Sessions / Consultations with Locals of the Project Area
C- Photographs Showing Various Assets to be Affected by the Project Intervention
D- Photographs Showing Various Project Areas

i January 2015
LIST OF ACRONYMS
ADB : Asian Development Bank
AJ&K : Azad Jammu and Kashmir
amsl : above mean sea level
AHs : Affected Households
APs : Affected Persons
CC
CCGT
:
:
Construction Contractor
Combined Cycle Gas Turbine
CAS : Compulsory Acquisition Surcharge
Cu.ft : Cubic Feet
CSPDR : Chaningjiang Survey, Planning, Design & Research Company,
Limited.
DC : Deputy Commissioner
DO : Dissolved Oxygen
DRO : District Revenue Officer
EF : Environmental Flow
EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment
ESMP : Environment and Social Management Plan
EPA : Environmental Protection Agency
ESDC : Environment and Social Development Cell
Ft. : Feet
GIS/RS : Geographic Information System/Remote Sensing
Govt : Government
GRCs : Grievance Redress Committees
GWh : Giga Watt Hour
HSE : Health and Safety Environment
hrs : Hours
HPP : Hydropower Project
IEE : Initial Environmental Examination
IFC : International Finance Corporation
IUCN : International Union for Conservation of Nature

ii January 2015
LIST OF ACRONYMS
Km : Kilo meter
kV : Kilo Volt
LAA : Land Acquisition Act (1894)
Ltd : Limited
LOI : Letter of Indent
Lab : Laboratory
m : Meter
mm : Mili meter
m
3
/sec : Cubic Meter per Second
MW : Mega watt
NEQS : National Environmental Quality Standards
Nos. : Numbers
OP : Operational Policy
NTDC : National Transmission & Dispatch Company
Pvt : Private
PCDP : Public Consultation and Disclosure Plan
PEPA : Pakistan Environment Protection Agency
PEPC : Pakistan Environment Protection Council
ES : Performance Standards
RAP : Resettlement Action Plan
NGO : Non-Government Organization
P&D : Planning and Development Department
PES : Pakistan Engineering Services (Private) Ltd.
PMU : Project Management Unit
Rs : Rupees
SWHP : Surface Water Hydrology Project
SSEMP : Site Specific Environmental Management Plan
TOR‟s : Terms of Reference
WAPDA : Water and Power Development Authority
WB : World Bank

ES-1 January 2015
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. INTRODUCTION
Karot Power Company Limited (KPCL) contracted Pakistan Engineering Services Private
Limited (PES) to carry out an update of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
(ESIA) report prepared by SMEC in 2009. The objective of the assignment was to update
the ESIA report of 720 MW Karot Hydropower Project based on the design change and to
meet the requirements of Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997 and AJ&K
Environment Act 2000 as well as those of IFC Performance Standards (PS) and
guidelines, including preparation of the Resettlement Action Plan.
1.1 PROJECT REVIEW
The ESIA study of the project was completed by SMEC in 2009. Later on, as per
requirement of Pak-Environmental Protection Act 1997, the study was approved by the both
relevant Environmental Protection Agencies (Punjab - EPA and AJ&K - EPA) in 2010 and
2011 vide their approval letter nos. DD(EIA)/EPA/F-2502/2K9/335 dated 06-03-2010 and
Ref No. 178-80 dated 6-6-2010 respectively.
Later, China Three Gorges Corporation (CTGC) became the sponsor in 2014. They
reviewed and modified the design to a rock fill dam and a surface power house. The
conditions laid down in the approval letters of the relevant agencies (Punjab – EPA and
AJ&K - EPA) requires that „‟ Any change in the approved project shall be communicated to
EPA, Punjab and EPA – AJ&K and shall be commenced after obtaining the approval.‟‟
1.2 PRESENT UPDATED EIA STUDY
The present updated Environmental Impact Assessment Study Report prepared by
Pakistan Engineering Services Pvt. Ltd. (PES) Lahore. This report is an update of the 2009
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) study of the Karot hydropower
project; since then, no significant baseline changes have occurred. This ESIA report seeks
to describes the additional associated project impact assessment with respect to social
aspects particularly due to change in design. The additional information discussed in this
updated ESIA report due to change in design includes the following:
 Project Description and layout
 Relocation and Resettlement Issues
 Affected local communities
 Loss of Business
 Loss of community and government infrastructure
 Socio-economic profile of the project affectees
 Public consultation and disclosure process; and
 Preparation of a standalone RAP of the project

ES-2 January 2015
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The proposed area of Karot Hydropower Project is located on Jehlum River in Karot village,
tehsil Kahuta, District Rawalpindi in Punjab province, about 74km upstream of Mangla dam.
The dam will have a maximum height of 95.5 meters. It will impound 152 million cubic
meters of water at normal pool level of 461 masl and extending upstream up to 5.54 km²
into the narrow canyon that would submerge the bare and unproductive areas around river
bed. Three diversion tunnels have been envisaged to divert the river flows during
construction of main dam. With powerhouse located on the surface, the project will
generate up to 720 MW of electric power.
2.1 PROJECT ACCESS
The Karot Hydropower Project Site is accessible from Islamabad, Lahore and Karachi by
air, as well as, by road. Through railway, it is accessible upto Rawalpindi / Rawat. The
nearest airport for the Project is at Islamabad.
Existing access road Rawalpindi to Karot via Rawat (i.e. Rawat- Chowk Pandori-Beor-
Karot) is preferred over via Kahuta route (i.e. Sihala-Kahuta-Karot) to project site as the
later route via Kahuta is restricted for the foreigners.
Natioal Highway Authority (NHA) to be approached, through PPIB, for reconstruction / up-
gradating of road, Rawat-Chowk Pandori-Beor-Karot to class-70 specifications to transport
the construction machinery.
2.2 PROJECT COMPONENTS
Major physical components of Karot HPP as per feasibility update report by KPCL design
team are as under:
Powerhouse
On surface, above ground with 170.4 m (L) x 27 m (W) x 61.7 m
(and Design Discharge of 1248.4 m³/s
Dam
Asphalt Concrete Cote Rock Fill Dam, max. height 95.5 m, Normal
Pool Level 461 masl & Design Flood 20,700 m³/s
Spillway Overflow Type with Radial Gates, size 12m x 22m (each)
Tunnels
Diversion Tunnels
3 Nos. with 12.5 m dia & tunnel length of 450 (each)
Head Race Tunnels
4 Nos. with 9.5 m dia & tunnel length of 240 m (each)
Tailrace Channel
Length 170.4 m and width 17.5 m.
2.3 DAM SAFETY
Safety is given utmost importance in the project design. The detail parameters are given in
the design documents. Major safety parameters adopted in the project design and
operation is given below:
 Safety against hydraulic pressure from full supply level and high flood level.

ES-3 January 2015
 Safety against flood inflow. Additional flood storage has been provided in the design
to accommodate the basic design.
 Safe against spill over due to extreme waves or flood events. A free board has been
accommodated to accommodate waves.
 Safety against leakages. The dam design has provided inspection galleries. These
will allow monitoring of the dam after the fill. The high quality concrete will allow only
very little transmissibility.
 Safety against land sliding during reservoir filling and drawdown. The filling of the
dam for the first time, and subsequently for operation will result in increase of pore
pressure. If the rock is poor, it may fail and result in land slide. The pore pressure
developed during filling will create reverse hydraulic gradient. This can result in the
failure of the slope and creating a land slide. The fill and emptying the reservoir must
be kept at low rate for safety of weir. The first filling of the reservoir will be carried out
at a rate of 1 m/day while monitoring slope failures. During flushing operations a filling
rate of 3 m/day and drawdown rate of 4 m/day will be adopted. However, landslide
prone areas will be stabilized after a few cycles of filling and drawdown.
 Safety during repeated drawdown cycles and fill cycles if used for peaking power is
critical. It is important to keep surveillance during operation and keep studying the
slope movement. For this purpose the slopes are mapped and their movement
recorded to forecast the land slides. This has to be part of operation manual.
2.4 PRONE AREAS OF RESERVOIR
The influenced area of reservoir includes the areas of landslide and collapse caused by
reservoir filling. According to the the findings of geological survey in the influenced area of
reservoir
According to the geological survey, the bank slope sections with more concentrated
influence on the reconstruction of bank slope are mainly distributed at four places,
including; the bank slope in the surrounding of cable bridge with 12 ~13km away from the
dam site of the left bank, bank slope of distribution section of deformable bodies of
collapsed slide rock on the right bank with 16.3m from the dam site, bank slope in the
surrounding of transformer substation on the right bank with 17.9 ~18.2km from the dam
site, and the bank slope on the right bank with 19.2m from the dam site.
2.5 FLOOD STUDY
Extreme heavy flood occurred in the Jhelum River in 1992. Azad Pattan Bridge, located
7km upstream of Azad Pattan station, was destroyed by the flood. The maximum peak
flood discharge was 14730 m
3
/s.
In 2001 Mangla dam PMF review report, 1992 rainstorm was selected as most devastating
rainstorm in Pakistan since 1929. It was selected from 1929, 1959 and 1992 rainstorms.
2.6 PROJECT OPERATION
In the wet months of May, June, July and August, the power intake will divert 1248.4m³/s
from the reservoir into the power house water channel and thereby generate electricity up

ES-4 January 2015
to the full installed capacity level almost round the clock. From October to February, river
flows will be stored in the reservoir for diversion into the power house channel during the
peak demand hours of the system. As such, the plant will generate electricity at its full
capacity for at least 4 hours per day and the reservoir level will vary accordingly over a 24
hour period between Minimum Operating Level and Full Supply Level. During the
intervening months of September and March the hours of power generation at maximum
capacity will fall/rise according to the fluctuations in the river discharge.
2.7 ENERGY GENERATION
Installed capacity of the station is 720 MW with four units. The unit capacity is 180MW, the
warrant output is 116.5 MW, the average annual electricity output is 3.213 billion kW·h and
the annual utilization hours are 4,462.
2.8 SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT
The mean annual suspended load transport is 33.15 million tons including bedload of 4.97
million tons. The total sediment transport is 38.12 million tons. Sediment mainly comes in
the flood season from April to August.
The lower the sediment release level, the longer the annual sediment release downtime,
and the greater the limitation on the energy output of the station. In terms of the ability to
achieve higher energy output, the 451 m sediment release level is better.
2.9 ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS
It need to be considered that the ecological feed pipe should meet the requirements of
15m3/s discharge after the reservoir falls into the flushing water level.The diameter of the
ecological steel tube is subject to adjustment during detail design phase.
2.10 CONSTRUCTION FACILITIES AT DAM SITE
Construction facilities such as labour camp, workshops, storage yards, aggregate crushing
plant, concrete batching plant and material stockpiles are are provided. Areas for the labour
camp, workshops and storage yards must not be located in the immediate vicinity of the
dam. They must be located on unused land in the vicinity of the village of Karot.
2.11 CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
In accordance with project characteristics and construction scheme, total construction
period for Karot hydropower station will be 5 years (60 months), and power duration will be
4 years and 7 months (55 months). Therein the construction preparation period will be 25
months, construction period of principal works 30 months, and construction completion
period 5 months; the project period of preparing to build will be 12 months, in which the time
of coincidence with preparation period will be 8 months.
2.12 MATERIAL SOURCE PLANNING
Concrete aggregate and gravel filling material are exploited from Beor natural gravel quarry
and the exploited quantity for design is 2,324,700 m
3
. 32,900 m
3
asphalt concrete mineral
aggregate and 41,600m
3
anti-scouring wear resisting concrete aggregate are purchased
from Taxila limestone quarry.

ES-5 January 2015
2.13 SWITCHYARD AND TRANSMISSION LINE
Karot Powerhouse will be connected to the national grid through 500kV transmission line. A
Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) has been proposed for Karot HPP. The rated voltage of
GIS is 550kV, rated current 2000A, and rated short circuit breaking current 50kA. GIS
power distribution equipment room will be established on the upstream auxiliary
powerhouse with elevation of 431.0m.
The electricity generated by the Karot Hydropower Project will be incorporated by the
national grid of Pakistan. The generated power will be transmitted to three load centers,
namely, Gujranwala, Lahore and Rawalpindi, which will make up the maximum load
demand of the system. The construction of the project will actively promote the social and
economic development of the site and the power supply areas by improving the local power
supply guarantee rate, driving the local industrial development and enhancing the living
standard and employment rate of the local people.
2.14 PROJECT LAYOUT ALTERNATIVES
Different alternatives were examined from an environmental viewpoint to ensure that the
selected option is appropriate to minimize environmental impacts. Two alternatives were
developed for comparative evaluation, identification, analysis, and selection of the preferred
alternative. This exercise led to the earlier selection of Alternative 2 comprising a dam at
Karot with four power tunnels and an underground powerhouse at Karot village.
3. LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
In updating of ESIA report for Karot Hydropower Project, the requirements laid down by
Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997 and AJ&K Environmental Protection Act 2000
as well as guidelines of IFC have been followed. Land acquisition and resettlement aspects
have been focused with reference to IFC Involuntary Resettlement and Land Acquisition
Act 1894.
3.1 PAKISTAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LEGISLATION
IEE/EIA
The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997 (PEPA-1997) Section 12 lays down basic
requirements and procedures for the Initial Environmental Examination and Environmental
Impact Assessment. The Act provides that “No proponent of a development project shall
commence construction or operation unless he has filed an IEE with the Government
Agency designated by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency or Provincial
Environmental Protection Agencies, as the case may be, or, where the project is likely to
cause a significant adverse environmental effect, an Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA), for approval from Government Agency in respect thereof”.
3.2 PAKISTAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT 1997 (PEPA - 1997)
Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997, has published a set of environmental
guidelines for conducting environmental assessments and the environmental management

ES-6 January 2015
of different types of development projects. Besides providing overview of Policy, Legal and
Administrative Framework, the section 2 also adumbrates guidelines and requirements of
IFC related to the Project.
3.3 THE AJK, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT, 2000
The Government of Pakistan promulgated “Pakistan Environmental Protection Act” in 1997.
The same was adopted by the Government of AJK. However, this act was notified in 2000
as Azad Jammu and Kashmir Environmental Protection Act, 2000. Under Section 11 of the
2000 Act, a project falling under any category (qualifying IEE or EIA) requires the proponent
to file IEE or EIA with the AJK-EPA.
3.4 PAKISTAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (PAK. EPA)
Under Section 5 of PEPA-1997, Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency has been
established with a Director General as its head. Sections 6 and 7 of PEPA 1997 describe
the functions and powers of the Agency. Similarly provincial EPA‟s are functional in each
province as provided in PEPA-1997. Azad Jammu and Kashmir has its own EPA.
3.5 ENVIRONMENTAL TRIBUNALS
Under Section 20 of the Act, Environmental Tribunals have been established to try cases of
contravention or failure to comply with designated provisions of PEPA-1997.
3.6 CATAGORISATION OF THE PROJECT
Under policy and procedures for filing, review and approval of environmental assessment
issued in August 2002, includes Schedules A, B and C defining projects in terms of
requirements of IEE and EIA.
Karot Hydropower Project has an estimated generation of 720 MW. Consequently, the
preparation of an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and of a Resettlement Action
Plan (RAP) is required under Schedule A.
3.7 NATIONAL RESETTLEMENT POLICY AND ORDINANCE
Only legislation relating to land acquisition and compensation is the Land Acquisition Act
(LAA) of 1894. The LAA is limited to a cash compensation policy for the acquisition of land
and built-up property, and damage to other assets, such as crops, trees, and infrastructure
based on market prices. The LAA does not consider the rehabilitation and resettlement of
disrupted populations and the restoration of their livelihoods. In the absence of this, Land
Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement as spelled out in IFC PS5 will form the basis for
managing the resettlement needs arising from the project.
3.8 LAND ACQUISITION ACT 1894
The Land Acquisition Act 1894 is a “law for the acquisition of land needed for public
purposes and for companies and for determining the amount of compensation to be paid on
account of such acquisition‟‟. The association of the persons interested in the property, with
the process of determination of its negotiated market value by the Collector is a highlight of
this Act.

ES-7 January 2015
3.9 LEGISLATION ON ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)
Under the EPA Guidelines, “Policy and Procedures for the filing, review and approval
of environmental assessments”, the EMP is defined as a “document designed to ensure
that the commitments in the Environmental Report, subsequent review reports, and
Environmental Approval conditions are fully implemented”.
3.10 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS (NEQS)
The National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQs) specify the standards apply to
gaseous emissions and liquid effluents discharged by batching plants, asphalt plants, camp
sites, construction machinery, and vehicles. The standards for vehicle, noise wastewater
and drinking water will apply during the construction as well as operational phase of the
project.
3.11 OTHER RELEVANT REGULATIONS FOR KAROT HYDROPOWER PROJECT
3.11.1 Land Acquisition Procedures
Under the Land Acquisition Act (1894), the Provincial Revenue Departments are
empowered to carry out the acquisition of private land or built-up property for public
purposes, including on behalf of a federal agency or a private developer. The acquisition of
land and payment of compensation as such will be the responsibility of the client and the
implementing agency.
3.11.2 The Forest Act, 1927 and the Forest (Amendment) Act 2010
The Act, inter alia, deals with the matters related with protection and conservation of natural
vegetation/habitats. Cutting of trees for the construction purposes or otherwise, prior
permission is required from the forest department of the concerned province.
3.11.3 Wildlife Act of 1975
In part of the project area in Punjab, Punjab wildlife protection, preservation, conservation
and management act, 1974 (amended up to 2007 and rules amended up to 2010) shall
enforce for the overall protection of wildlife flora and fauna. Whereas, in part of the project
area in AJK, the AJK Wildlife and Fisheries Department that has the basic responsibility to
ensure enforcement of the Act. It prohibits the dealing with any wildlife animal, dead or
alive, for domestic or commercial use without a Certificate of Lawful Possession. Permits
and trade license are necessary for the import, export and trade of wild animals of an
endemic or exotic species.
3.11.4 Antiquities Act of 1975
The Antiquities Act of Pakistan relates to the protection, preservation and
conservation of archaeological and historical sites and monuments. The Antiquities Act
would as such require that M/s, KPLCL notify the Department if anything of archaeological
value is excavated or discovered during project construction.
3.11.5 Local Government Ordinance of 2001
The Government of Pakistan has issued ordinances related to land use;

ES-8 January 2015
conservation of natural vegetation; air, water, and land pollution; disposal of solid waste
and wastewater effluents; and public health and safety, including some provisions for
environmental protection.
3.11.6 Regulations for Mines and Oil Fields/ Mineral Development Act of 1948
This legislation provides regulatory procedures for the quarrying and mining of
construction material on public as well as private lands.
3.11.7 Motor Vehicles Ordinance of 1965
The Ordinance deals with the powers of motor vehicle licensing authorities and empowers
other related agencies: to regulate traffic rules, vehicle speed and weight limits, and
vehicle use; to erect traffic signs; and to prescribe the specific duties of drivers in case of
accidents. M/s, KPCL would be required to coordinate with related agencies during design
and construction stages, so that the requirements relating to the safety and management
of traffic on the roads are observed.
3.11.8 Factories Act of 1934
The clauses relevant to the project area those which concern: health; safety and welfare of
workers; disposal of solid waste and effluent; and damage to private and public property.
The Factories Act also provides regulations for handling and disposing of toxic and
hazardous materials. As construction activity is classified as „industry‟, these regulations
will be applicable to the project‟s construction contractor.
3.11.9 Highways Safety Ordinance of 2000
This Ordinance includes provisions for: licensing and registration of vehicles and
construction equipment; maintenance of road, vehicles; traffic control offences, penalties
and procedures; and the establishment of a police force for motorways and national
highways to regulate and control the traffic as well as keep the highways clear of
encroachments.
3.11.10 Pakistan Penal Code of 1860
Pakistan Penal Code (PPC) deals with offences where public or private property and/or
human lives are affected due to the intentional or accidental misconduct of an individual or
body of residents. The Penal Code provide a basis for M/s, KPCL to co-ordinate their
activities with the local authorities so that the construction activities do not become a
cause of public nuisance or inconvenience.
3.11.11 Explosives Act of 1884
Under the Explosives Act, the project contractors are bound by regulations on licensing,
handling, transportation, storage and using explosives during quarrying, blasting, and
other purposes. These regulations will be applicable to the project‟s construction
contractor.

ES-9 January 2015
3.11.12 Environmental Tribunal Rules of 1999
According to these rules, the tribunal shall make every effort to dispose of a
complaint or an appeal or other proceeding within 60 days of its filing.
3.11.13 Forest Regulation Rules 2 of 1930
Forests of Azad Jammu and Kashmir are managed according to the guidelines provided
by Jammu and Kashmir Forest Regulations of 1930. This regulation lays down the rules
and regulations for both demarcated and un-demarcated forests, collection of drift and
stranded wood as well as penalties and procedures for not abiding by these regulations.
In part of the project area in Punjab, the Forest Act, 1927 (amended up to 2010) shall
enforce for the overall protection of forest.
3.12 INTERACTION WITH OTHER AGENCIES
3.12.1 Punjab and AJK- EPAs
No deviation is permitted in design and scope of rehabilitation during project
implementation without the prior and explicit permission of the EPAs once the approval is
obtained.
3.12.2 Revenue Departments of Punjab and AJK
The respective Revenue Departments of Punjab and AJK are empowered to carry out the
acquisition of private land or built-up property for public purposes.
The proponent also needs to liaise with the departments of agriculture, horticulture, and
forestry in order to evaluate affected vegetation resources, such as trees and crops etc. for
compensation purposes.
The proponent will approach the relevant departments for valuation of the affected building
or infrastructure before removing the facilities.
Likewise, the proponent will also liaise with other relevant departments/agencies for
relocation of public facilities such as electricity and telephone poles, public water supply
schemes, public buildings, etc.
3.12.3 Punjab and AJK Forestry and Wildlife Departments
The project is expected to involve clearing of vegetation and trees within the proposed
project area. The project contractor will be responsible for acquiring a „No-Objection
Certificate‟ (NOC) from the respective Forest Departments and Local Administration. The
proponent is required to coordinate with the departments to ensure that impacts on
vegetation and wildlife are minimized.
3.12.4 Local Government and Municipalities
The proponent and Contractor should liaise closely with the concerned bodies of the
governments of Punjab and AJK for the establishment of construction camps and plants,
use of the water resources and the safe disposal of wastewater, and toxic materials.

Esia karot power

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (9)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (20)

Similar to Esia karot power

Similar to Esia karot power (20)

More from zubeditufail

More from zubeditufail (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Esia karot power