epidemiology of hypertension in public health

1. Prevalence
8 to 18% adults have hypertension
SYSTOLIC 160mmhg
Diastolic 95mmhg

2.  ALMOST IN ALLTHE COUNTRIES BP rises
eith age.
 Most of the women above 50yrs have BP.
 BP is more of a disease of high socio-eco
countries

3.  Familial aggregation of blood pressure is
significantly correlated among first degree
relatives.
 Monozygotic twins
 How ever there is no similarity among
parents and adopted children.

4.  Weight=BP have close relationship.
 Nacl intake daily intake of salt more than3g.
 BP increases proportionally with salt intake.
 Protein intake alters BP.
 Alcohol and high calories.
 Stress and strain
 Occupation.
 Rural/Urban.
 use of contraceptives.
 Organic diseases coarctation of Aorta and renal
diseases.

5.  RISK NFACTORS OF HYPERTENSION.
 Salt
 Smoking cigarette.
 Alcohol.
 Stress.
 Obesity.
 Inactive sedentary life.

6.  Critical to find a CASE FINDING.
 DRUGTHERAPHY.
 MONITERINGAND MANAGEMENT OF
CASES.
 All cases are not diagnosed
 Only 50% come to the hospital.

7.  RULE OF HALF.
 50 % ARE DIOGNOSED.
 50% COMETOTHE HOSPITAL.
 50% RECEIVETREATMENT.
 50% UNDER CONTROL.
 50% DIE.

8.  An attempt to find out how many people in
every part of the country suffer from:
 Hypertension
 Ischemic heart disease.
 CVA
 Diabetes.
 Bronchial Asthma.

9.  To make a firm diagnosis of Hypertension
 Educate the patient.
 Assessment of overall cardiovascular risk
 Correct etiological factor.
 Needed investigation.
 Effective treatment.
 Fallow up

10.  Family History.
 Duration of illness
 History of Smoking
 ,Drugs
 ,Alcohol
 ,over wt,
 Sedentary life style,
 Use of oral contraceptive.

11.  DRUGTHERAPY SHOULD BE ACCOMPNIED
WITH GENEREL MEASURES SUCH AS
 WT REDUCTION.
 LOW SALT INTAKE.
 NO SMOKING.
 YOGA
 Above contribute to reduction of blood
pressure/Hypertension

12.  Screening
 Mass screening.
 High risk.
 Specific age group
 Routine BP measurement in all hospitals
,health centres and institutions.
 This is known as primordial prevention

13.  Community diagnosis
 Surveys
 Geolocation
 Education
 Health fassility

14.  PRIMARY .
 Health Promotion.
 Specific Protection.
 SECONDARY.
 Early Diagnosis.
 QuickTreatment
 Available
 Accessible
 affordable
 Correct
 Curative
 Compassionate
 Comprehensive
 Compliance
 Less side effects
 TERTIARY.
 Disability Limitation.
 Rehabilitation.
 Psychological
 Physical
 Social
 Anatomical
 chemical