The document discusses experiments conducted on entity spotting in informal user-generated online music forum text. It explores restricting the set of possible music entities from the full MusicBrainz taxonomy to increase spotting precision. Different constraints were applied to different artists based on metadata like age, album releases, career length. Precision increased significantly as the entity set was reduced based on realistic restrictions.
Playlist generation is an important task in music information retrieval. While previous work has treated a playlist
collection as an undifferentiated whole, we propose to build
playlist models which are tuned to specific categories or
dialects of playlists. Toward this end, we develop a general
class of flexible and scalable playlist models based upon
hypergraph random walks. To evaluate the proposed models, we present a large corpus of categorically annotated,
user-generated playlists. Experimental results indicate that
category-specific models can provide substantial improvements in accuracy over global playlist models.
The document proposes a concept for a music video for an electro-disco band called Band-The Run Down Town. The band members would be dressed in black suits and futuristic glasses, playing synthesizers, bass guitar, vocals and electronic drums. The video concept involves a robot learning about human emotions like love from a girl, but becoming frustrated when she's not there. When alone in black and white scenes, the robot destroys itself by removing its battery, having learned feelings of missing the girl. The video would contrast color scenes of the robot and girl with black and white scenes of the band playing or the robot alone.
Monetizing User Activity on Social Networks - Challenges and Experiences, 2009 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence, Sep 15-18 2009
Slides accompanying the VLDB 2010 Journal paper -
Daniel Gruhl, Meenakshi Nagarajan, Jan Pieper, Christine Robson, Amit Sheth, Multimodal Social Intelligence in a Real-Time Dashboard System to appear in a special issue of the VLDB Journal on "Data Management and Mining for Social Networks and Social Media"
The document discusses word sense disambiguation and induction. It introduces the general problem of ambiguity in language and different word sense disambiguation tasks. It covers approaches to representing context, knowledge resources used, applications of WSD, and supervised and knowledge-based WSD methods including gloss overlap, lexical chains, and PageRank.
The document discusses natural language and natural language processing (NLP). It defines natural language as languages used for everyday communication like English, Japanese, and Swahili. NLP is concerned with enabling computers to understand and interpret natural languages. The summary explains that NLP involves morphological, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic analysis of text to extract meaning and understand context. The goal of NLP is to allow humans to communicate with computers using their own language.
Playlist generation is an important task in music information retrieval. While previous work has treated a playlist
collection as an undifferentiated whole, we propose to build
playlist models which are tuned to specific categories or
dialects of playlists. Toward this end, we develop a general
class of flexible and scalable playlist models based upon
hypergraph random walks. To evaluate the proposed models, we present a large corpus of categorically annotated,
user-generated playlists. Experimental results indicate that
category-specific models can provide substantial improvements in accuracy over global playlist models.
The document proposes a concept for a music video for an electro-disco band called Band-The Run Down Town. The band members would be dressed in black suits and futuristic glasses, playing synthesizers, bass guitar, vocals and electronic drums. The video concept involves a robot learning about human emotions like love from a girl, but becoming frustrated when she's not there. When alone in black and white scenes, the robot destroys itself by removing its battery, having learned feelings of missing the girl. The video would contrast color scenes of the robot and girl with black and white scenes of the band playing or the robot alone.
Monetizing User Activity on Social Networks - Challenges and Experiences, 2009 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence, Sep 15-18 2009
Slides accompanying the VLDB 2010 Journal paper -
Daniel Gruhl, Meenakshi Nagarajan, Jan Pieper, Christine Robson, Amit Sheth, Multimodal Social Intelligence in a Real-Time Dashboard System to appear in a special issue of the VLDB Journal on "Data Management and Mining for Social Networks and Social Media"
The document discusses word sense disambiguation and induction. It introduces the general problem of ambiguity in language and different word sense disambiguation tasks. It covers approaches to representing context, knowledge resources used, applications of WSD, and supervised and knowledge-based WSD methods including gloss overlap, lexical chains, and PageRank.
The document discusses natural language and natural language processing (NLP). It defines natural language as languages used for everyday communication like English, Japanese, and Swahili. NLP is concerned with enabling computers to understand and interpret natural languages. The summary explains that NLP involves morphological, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic analysis of text to extract meaning and understand context. The goal of NLP is to allow humans to communicate with computers using their own language.
Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...Diana Rendina
Librarians are leading the way in creating future-ready citizens – now we need to update our spaces to match. In this session, attendees will get inspiration for transforming their library spaces. You’ll learn how to survey students and patrons, create a focus group, and use design thinking to brainstorm ideas for your space. We’ll discuss budget friendly ways to change your space as well as how to find funding. No matter where you’re at, you’ll find ideas for reimagining your space in this session.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...Diana Rendina
Librarians are leading the way in creating future-ready citizens – now we need to update our spaces to match. In this session, attendees will get inspiration for transforming their library spaces. You’ll learn how to survey students and patrons, create a focus group, and use design thinking to brainstorm ideas for your space. We’ll discuss budget friendly ways to change your space as well as how to find funding. No matter where you’re at, you’ll find ideas for reimagining your space in this session.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
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Entity Spotting in Informal Text
1. Entity Spotting in
Informal Text
Meena Nagarajan
with
Daniel Gruhl*, Jan Pieper*, Christine Robson*,
Amit P. Sheth
Kno.e.sis, Wright State
IBM Research - Almaden, San Jose CA*
Thursday, October 29, 2009 1
2. Tracking Online Popularity
http://www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/projects/iis/sound/
Thursday, October 29, 2009 2
3. Tracking Online
Popularity http://www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/projects/iis/sound/
• What is the buzz in the online
Music Community?
• Ranking and displaying top X
music artists, songs, tracks,
albums..
• Spotting entities,
despamming, sentiment
identification, aggregation, top X
lists..
Thursday, October 29, 2009 3
4. Spotting music entities in
user-generated content in
online music forums
(MySpace)
Thursday, October 29, 2009 4
5. Chatter in Online Music Communities
http://knoesis.wright.edu/research/semweb/projects/music/
Thursday, October 29, 2009 5
6. Goal: Semantic Annotation of
artists, tracks, songs, albums..
Music Brainz RDF
Ohh these sour times... rock!
Ohh these <track id=574623> sour times </track> ... rock!
Thursday, October 29, 2009 6
7. Multiple Senses in the same
Domain
• 60 songs with Merry
Christmas
• 3600 songs with
Yesterday
• 195 releases of
American Pie
Caught AMERICAN
PIE on cable so much • 31 artists covering
American Pie
fun!
Thursday, October 29, 2009 7
8. Annotating UGC, other
Challenges
• Several Cultural named entities
• artifacts of culture, common words in
everyday language
LOVED UR MUSIC YESTERDAY!
Just showing some Love to you Madonna you are The Queen to me
Lily your face lights up when you smile!
Thursday, October 29, 2009 8
9. Annotating UGC, other
Challenges
• Informal Text
• slang, abbreviations, misspellings..
• indifferent approach to grammar..
• Context dependent terms
• Unknown distributions
Thursday, October 29, 2009 9
10. Our Approach
Spotting and subsequent sense
disambiguation of spots
Ohh these sour times... rock!
Ohh these <track id=574623> sour times </track> ... rock!
Thursday, October 29, 2009 10
11. 3.1 Ground Truth Data Set
Ground Truth Data Set
Our experimental evaluation focuses on user comments from the MySpace pages
of three artists: Madonna, Rihanna and Lily Allen (see Table 2). The artists
were selected to be popular enough to draw comment but different enough to
provide variety. The entity definitions were taken from the MusicBrainz RDF (see
• 3 artists : Madonna, Rihanna, Lily Allen
Figure 1), which also includes some but not all common aliases and misspellings.
•
Madonna an artist with a extensive discography as well as a current album and
1858 spots (MySpace UGC) using naive spotter over
concert tour
Rihanna
MusicBrainz artist metadata
a pop singer with recent accolades including a Grammy Award and a
very active MySpace presence
•
Lilly Allen an independent artist with song titles that include “Smile,” “Allright,
Adjudicate if a spot is an entity or not (or inconclusive)
Still”, “Naive”, and “Friday Night” who also generates a fair amount
of buzz around her personal life not related to music
• hand tagged bythe Ground Truth Data Set
Table 2. Artists in 4 authors
We establish a ground truth data
Precision Artist Good spots Bad spots
set of 1858 entity spots (best case for (Spots scored)
for these Agreement Agreement
naive spotter)
artists (breakdown in Table 3). The 100% 75 % 100% 75%
data was obtained by crawling the 33% Rihanna (615) 165 18 351 8
artist’s MySpace page comments and73% Lily (523) 268 42 10 100
23%
dentifying all exact string matches Madonna (720) 138 24 503 20
of the artist’s song titles. Only com- Table 3. Manual scoring agreements on
ments with at least one spot were re- naive entity spotter results.
tained. October 29, 2009
Thursday, These spots were then hand 11
13. Experiments
All entities from
MusicBrainz
1. Light weight, edit distance
based entity spotter
Thursday, October 29, 2009 13
14. Experiments
1. Naive spotter using all entities from all of
MusicBrainz
2. This new Merry Christmas tune is so good!
? but which one ?
Disambiguate between the 60+ Merry
Christmas entries in MusicBrainz
Thursday, October 29, 2009 14
15. Experiments
2. Constrain set of possible
entities from Musicbrainz
- to increase spotting accuracy
- constrain using cues from the
comment to eliminate
alternatives
This new Merry
Christmas tune is
so good!
Thursday, October 29, 2009 15
16. Experiments
3. Eliminate non-music
mentions
Natural language and domain
specific cues
Your SMILE rocks!
Thursday, October 29, 2009 16
18. 2. Restricted Entity
Spotting
• Investigating the relationship between number
of entities used and spotting accuracy
• Understand systematic ways of scoping
domain models for use in semantic annotation
• Experiments to gauge benefits of implementing
particular constraints in annotator systems
• harder artist age detector vs. easier gender
detector ?
Thursday, October 29, 2009 18
19. sets of artists that are factors of 10 smaller (10%, 1%, etc). These subsets
ays contain our three actual artists (Madonna, Rihanna and Lily Allen),
ause we are interested in simulating restrictions that remove invalid artists.
e most restricted entity set contains just the songs of one artist (≈0.0001% of
2a. Random Restrictions
MusicBrainz taxonomy). In order to rule out selection bias, we perform 200
dom draws of sets of artists for each set size - a total of 1200 experiments.
ure 2 Precision the precision increases as the set of possible entities shrinks.
shows that
each setcase for 200 results are plotted and a best fit line has been added
(best size, all
naive spotter)
ndicate the average precision. Note that the figure is in log-log scale.
!"#$"%&'()'&*"'+,-.$'/#0.%1'&02(%(34
!"""#$ !""#$ !"#$ !#$ #$ #"$ #""$
33% #""$
!#"$.-.(%'()'&*"'56(&&"#
73% #"$
23%
#$
Domain restrictions of 10% of the RDF
%&'()*''+,
!#$
result in approximately 9.8 times
/178,,1 improvement in precision
!"#$
%&'()*''+,-.)/(.012+)314+
5&61,,1 !""#$
5&61,,1-.)/(.012+)314+
/178,,1-.)/(.012+)314+
!"""#$
. 2. Precision of a naive spotter using differently sized portions of the MusicBrainz
onomy to spot song titles on artist’s MySpace pages
We observe that the curves in Figure 2 conform to a power law formula,
cifically a Zipf distribution ( nR2 ). Zipf’s law was originally applied to demon-
1
ate the Zipf distribution in frequency of words in natural language corpora
• From all of MusicBrainz (281890 artists, 6220519
, and has since been demonstrated in other corpora including web searches
Figure 2 shows that song titles in Informal English exhibit the same fre-
ncy characteristics as plain English. Furthermore, we can see that in the
tracks) to songs of one artist (for all three artists)
rage case, a domain restrictions of 10% of the MusicBrainz RDF will result
roximately in a 9.8 times improvement in precision of a naive spotter.
This result is remarkably consistent across all three artists. The R2 values
the power lines on the three artists are 0.9776, 0.979, 0.9836, which gives a
iation of 0.61% in R2 value between spots on the three MySpace pages.
Thursday, October 29, 2009 19
20. 2b. Real-world Constraints
for Restrictions
“Happy 25th Rhi!” (eliminate using Artist DOB - metadata in
MusicBrainz)
“ur new album dummy is awesome” (eliminate using Album release
dates - metadata in MusicBrainz)
• Systematic scoping of the RDF
• Question: Do real-world constraints from
metadata reduce size of the entity spot set in a
meaningful way?
• Experiments: Derived manually and tested for
usefulness
Thursday, October 29, 2009 20
21. D 1,193 20-30 year career
Real-world Constraints
Recent Album Restrictions- Applied to Madonna
E 6,491 Artists who released an album in the past year
F 10,501 Artists who released an album in the past 5 years
Artist Age Restrictions- Applied to Lily Allen
Restrictions over MusicBrainz
H 112 Artist born 1985, album in past 2 years
J 284 Artists born in 1985 (or bands founded in 1985)
Key Count Restriction
L 4,780 Artists or bands under 25 with album in past 2 years
Artist 10,187 Artists or bands under 25 Applied to Madonna
M Career Length Restrictions- years old
Number of Album Restrictions- Applied 1 year) album
B 22 80’s artists with recent (within to Lily Allen
KC 154 First album 1983
1,530 Only one album, released in the past 2 years
D 1,193 20-30 year career
N 19,809 Artists with only one album
Recent Album Restrictions- Applied to Madonna
Recent Album Restrictions- Applied to Rihanna
QE 6,491 3 albums exactly, first album last the past year
83 Artists who released an album in year
R 10,501 3+ albums, first album last year the past 5 years
F 196 Artists who released an album in
Artist Age Restrictions- Applied to Lily Allen
S 1,398 First album last year
H
T 2,653 Artistsborn 1985, album one in theyears year
112 Artist with 3+ albums, in past 2 past
UJ 6,491 Artists who released an album in the past year
284 born in 1985 (or bands founded in 1985)
Specific4,780 Artists or bands under 25 witheach Artist
L Artist Restrictions- Applied to album in past 2 years
M 10,187 Madonna only under 25 years old
A 1 Artists or bands
....
.... Number of 1 Lily Allen only
G Album Restrictions- Applied to Lily Allen
P
K 1,530 Rihanna only
1 Only one album, released in the past 2 years
N 281,890 All artists in only one album
Z 19,809 Artists with MusicBrainz
Recent Album Restrictions- Applied to Rihanna
D. I’ve been The fan for 25 album
Table 4. youralbums, first years!last sample restrictions. !
efficacy of various year
Q 83 3 albums exactly, first album last year
R 196 3+ M. Happy 25th
S 1,398 First album last year
e Thursday, October 29, 2009 2,653 Artists of restrictions onecareer,past year album
considerTthree classes with 3+ albums, - in the age and based
21
22. Real-world Constraints
• Applied different constraints to different
artists
• Reduce potential entity spot size
• Run naive spotter
• Measure precision
Thursday, October 29, 2009 22
23. Real-world Constraints
“I heart your new album”
Rihanna: short career, recent album “I love all your 3 albums”
“You are most favorite new pop artist”
releases, 3 album releases etc....
!"""#$ !""#$ !"#$ !#$ #$ #"$ #""$
#""$
%&'()*+,-..)/*./&0%)1*-%*-%23*405&%%&*+-%6+**
!"#$%&%'()'*)+,#)-.'++#"
*****789!9$*,/):0+0-%; #"$
)A&:.23*8*&2>?@+
&.*2)&+.*8*&2>?@+ #$
!#$
&/.0+.+*<5-+)*=0/+.*&2>?@*<&+*
0%*.5)*,&+.*8*3)&/+
!"#$
*&22*&/.0+.+*<5-*/)2)&+)1*&%*
&2>?@*0%*.5)*,&+.*8*3)&/+ !""#$
*)%.0/)*B?+0:*C/&0%D*.&A-%-@3*7"!"""8$*,/):0+0-%;
!"""#$
Thursday, October 29, 2009 23
24. Real-world Constraints
Age restrictions, only one album, last year releases,
extensive career etc...
!"""#$ !""#$ !"#$ !#$ #$ #"$ #""$ !"""#$ !""#$ !"#$ !#$ #$ #"$ #""$
#""$ #""$
3%?@1*)8:''1&*'&%(31A*:3*:340*B%A:33%*):3C)* -%>?5*):,''5&*'&%(-52*,-*,-7<*@(7<*A775-*),-B)
!"#$%&%'()'*)+,#)-.'++#"
!"#$%&%'()'*)+,#)-.'++#"
********D--!9$*8&12()(:3E ***************1C#$*:&5D()(,-6
#"$ #"$
1%&40*=">)*%&'()')*+(',*%3* %-*%7+48*(-*'95*:%)'*';,*<5%&)
%4567*(3*',1*8%)'*01%& #$ %&'()')*4-25&*=0*<5%&)* #$
%&'()')*+,:)1*;(&)'* ,72*1,&*+%-2)*75))*
%&'()')*+(',*%* &141%)1*+%)*(3*#<=/ '95-*=0*<5%&)*,726
!#$ !#$
-"./"*01%&*2%&11&
%&'()')*+,&-*(-*#./0*
%&'()')*+(',*%3*%4567*(3*',1*8%)'*01%& !"#$ 1,&*+%-2)*3,4-252*(-*#./06 !"#$
%&'()')*+(',*%3*%4567*(3*',1*8%)'*9*01%&) !""#$ %&'()')*;('9*,-7<*,-5*%7+48 !""#$
13'(&1*B6)(2*F&%(3)*'%G:3:70**D"!"""9$*8&12()(:3E 5-'(&5*E4)(D*F&%(-G*'%H,-,8<*1"!""C$*:&5D()(,-6
!"""#$ !"""#$
Madonna
Thursday, October 29, 2009
Lily Allen 24
25. Take aways..
• Real world restrictions closely follow distribution
of random restrictions, conforming loosely to a
Zipf distribution
• Confirms general effectiveness of limiting domain
size regardless of restriction
• Choosing which constraints to implement is simple
- pick whatever is easiest first
• use metadata from the model to guide you
Thursday, October 29, 2009 25
27. Disambiguating Non-
music References
UGC on Lily Allen’s page about her new track Smile
Got your new album Smile. Loved it!
Keep your SMILE on!
Thursday, October 29, 2009 27
28. Binary Classification, SVM
Got your new album Smile. Loved it!
Keep your SMILE on!
Syntactic features Notation-S
+
POS tag of s s.POS
POS tag of one token before s
POS tag of one token after s
s.POSb
s.POSa Training data
Typed dependency between s and sentiment word * s.POS-TDsent ∗
Typed dependency between s and domain-specific term *
Boolean Typed dependency between s and sentiment *
550 good spots
s.POS-TDdom ∗
s.B-TDsent ∗
Boolean Typed dependency between s and domain-specific term * s.B-TDdom ∗
Word-level features
+
Capitalization of spot s
550 bad spots
Notation-W
s.allCaps
+
Capitalization of first letter of s s.firstCaps
+
s in Quotes s.inQuotes Test data
Domain-specific features Notation-D
Sentiment expression in the same sentence as s s.Ssent
Sentiment expression elsewhere in the comment 120 good spots
s.Csent
Domain-related term in the same sentence as s s.Sdom
229 * 2 bad spots
Domain-related term elsewhere in the comment s.Cdom
+
Refers to basic features, others are advanced features
∗
These features apply only to one-word-long spots.
Table 6. Features used by the SVM learner
Thursday, October 29, 2009 28
29. Most Useful Combinations
FP best : All features,
other combinations
Precision intensive
42-91 TP next best : word,
domain, contextual (POS)
78-50
TP best : word, domain,
contextual
90-35
Not all syntactic features are
Recall intensive
useless, contrary to general
belief, wrt informal text
Thursday, October 29, 2009 29
30. Naive MB spotter + NLP
• Annotate using naive
'!!"
&!"
5('*%$%63)7)8'*#""
%!"
spotter
• best case baseline
$!"
#!" 71,89-9/(:;/1:<9=>:?==,(
71,89-9/(:;/1:@9A)(()
71,89-9/(:;/1:B)C/(()
(artist is known)
@,8)==:D)==:0A1,,E
!"
-./00,1
2!345
6&35!
6$3$!
6#345
6'36!
6!35%
%#3&$
%'36!
%!3&5
$53&%
$#32'
()*+,
• follow with NLP analytics
!"#$$%&%'()#**+(#*,)$-"%.$)/0#"%12%30#"%14
PR tradeoffs: choosing feature to weed out FPs
combinations depending on end
application requirement • run on less than entire
input data
Thursday, October 29, 2009 30
31. Summary..
• Real-time large-scale data processing
• prohibits computationally intensive NLP techniques
• Simple inexpensive NL learners over a dictionary-
based naive spotter can yield reasonable performance
• restricting the taxonomy results in proportionally
higher precision
• Spot + Disambiguate a feasible approach for (esply.
Cultural) NER in Informal Text
Thursday, October 29, 2009 31
32. Thank You!
• Bing,Yahoo, Google: Meena Nagarajan
• Contact us
• {dgruhl, jhpieper, crobson}@us.ibm.com, {meena, amit}@knoesis.org
• More about this work
• http://www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/projects/iis/sound/
• http://knoesis.wright.edu/researchers/meena
Thursday, October 29, 2009 32