Energy efficient buildings are important for reducing environmental damage from excessive resource use. Building designers should focus on maintaining optimal indoor temperatures, maximizing natural light, conserving water usage, and ensuring good airflow. Effective insulation is key. Energy efficient materials include polyisocyanurate foam, adobe construction, plastic composite wood, structural insulated panels, and autoclaved aerated concrete. Homeowners can make existing homes more efficient by improving insulation, using energy efficient appliances and lights, incorporating smart technology, and cleaning regularly to minimize wasted energy. While initial costs are higher, energy efficient buildings save money over time through reduced usage.