- Boyle-Mariotte's law: At a fixed temperature, the pressure (P) and volume (V) of a gas are inversely proportional. PV = constant.
- Charles' law: At a constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature. V/T = constant.
- Gay-Lussac's law: At a constant volume, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature. P/T = constant.
- The ideal gas kinetic theory model describes gas molecules as small, hard spheres that move rapidly in straight lines, colliding elastically. The average kinetic energy of the molecules depends only on temperature.
1. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. It is defined using an object's mass and velocity according to the formula: Kinetic Energy (EK) = 1/2 * mass * velocity^2.
2. Work is defined as the transfer of kinetic energy due to a force acting over a distance. The work-kinetic energy theorem states that work done on an object equals its change in kinetic energy.
3. Applying Newton's second law and the work-kinetic energy theorem allows calculating the work done on an object from its change in velocity, proving the relationship between work and change in kinetic energy.
- Boyle-Mariotte's law: At a fixed temperature, the pressure (P) and volume (V) of a gas are inversely proportional. PV = constant.
- Charles' law: At a constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature. V/T = constant.
- Gay-Lussac's law: At a constant volume, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature. P/T = constant.
- The ideal gas kinetic theory model describes gas molecules as small, hard spheres that move rapidly in straight lines, colliding elastically. The average kinetic energy of the molecules depends only on temperature.
1. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. It is defined using an object's mass and velocity according to the formula: Kinetic Energy (EK) = 1/2 * mass * velocity^2.
2. Work is defined as the transfer of kinetic energy due to a force acting over a distance. The work-kinetic energy theorem states that work done on an object equals its change in kinetic energy.
3. Applying Newton's second law and the work-kinetic energy theorem allows calculating the work done on an object from its change in velocity, proving the relationship between work and change in kinetic energy.