Elena Nikolaeva is a Soviet and Russian sportswoman and athlete who specializes in race walking. She began race walking in school in Cheboksary. She set the Soviet Union record for 10km race walking in 1986. Nikolaeva became the Olympic champion in the 10km race walk at the 1996 Atlanta Games representing Russia. She later won the world championship in the 20km race walk at age 37 in Paris in 2003. Nikolaeva has received several honors for her athletic accomplishments including titles from the USSR and Chuvashia.