This document outlines the history of gladiators and emperors fighting as gladiators in ancient Rome. It discusses how gladiators originated from a religious ceremony offering blood to appease spirits of the dead. Gladiators included slaves, criminals, and volunteers who fought other gladiators or wild animals in venues like the Colosseum. Some Roman emperors also participated in gladiatorial combat, including Caligula, Titus, Hadrian, Lucius Verus, Caracalla, Geta and Didius Julianus. The document provides an overview of gladiatorial combat and the different types of fighters involved.