6.6 - Bread And Circuses (chariot racing and gladiators)
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The Romans had their own brand of fun, which largely consisted of chariot racing and gladiatorial combat. This goes over that as well as examining their venues: the Circus Maximus and the Colosseum.
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Hum2220 1800 roman gladiators
The document describes the history and culture of gladiatorial combat in ancient Rome. It discusses how gladiatorial games originated as funeral rituals for aristocrats in the 3rd century BC and later became public spectacles. Gladiators included slaves, prisoners, and later some volunteers seeking fame and wealth. They endured harsh training and lives but received benefits like food, housing and medical care. Various types of gladiators fought with different weapons and armor in matches to the death for the entertainment of audiences. The largest venue was the Coliseum in Rome, which could hold 50,000 spectators and was sometimes flooded for naval battles. Emperors like Commodus and Trajan staged extravagant games. The most famous glad
Gladiators
Gladiators were slaves, criminals, or war captives who were trained to fight in combat sports for entertainment in the Roman Colosseum. There were many different types of gladiators categorized by their armor, weapons, and fighting styles - from lightly armored fighters using swords and spears to heavily armored fighters battling on foot or horseback. Gladiators trained rigorously at schools like the Ludus Magnus for their specific roles and had varying levels of prestige, with some even achieving fame and freedom from their victories in the arena.
Gladiators 101 corrected
Gladiators were slaves forced to fight in arenas for entertainment. They trained in schools to fight with weapons like swords, shields, and tridents against different types of opponents. The most popular gladiator games took place in the Colosseum starting in 80 AD. Gladiators came from war prisoners and slaves, and fought hoping to receive prizes or earn freedom by impressing the crowd with their combat skills.
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Gladiatorial combat originated as part of Roman funeral rites to provide armed attendants to accompany the dead. Gladiators included criminals, slaves, prisoners of war, and sometimes volunteers. They would fight with wooden or bare metal weapons in bloody spectacles in amphitheaters, fighting for their lives as entertainment for crowds. Over 800,000 people and thousands of animals died in the Roman Colosseum. The popularity of gladiator games and wild animal hunts led to the extinction of some species.
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This document discusses gladiators in ancient Rome. It provides information on whether women fought as gladiators, what types of equipment gladiators used, and how gladiators were trained. Specifically, it notes that while most gladiators were slaves or criminals, some wealthy Roman women also fought as female gladiators. It describes the armor and weapons female gladiators used, including swords and shields. The document also explains that a thumbs up or down gesture from spectators would determine whether a defeated gladiator lived or died.
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Gladiators trained in gladiator schools and fought in amphitheatres, wearing protective gear like shields, boots, and armor. They ate legumes to gain strength for combat. Gladiators lived and trained in schools before competing in amphitheatres, and had a difficult life with risk of death and lack of rights. Different types of gladiators carried various weapons and armor into battle.
ROMAN EMPIRE The Gladiators.
ROMAN Gladiators, who were they & what did they do. This is a great worksheet and information for children & home educators.
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Gladiators were men who fought each other or animals for entertainment in Roman coliseums. They used various weapons like spears, swords, daggers and shields. Gladiators fought because Romans believed it pleased the gods. They sometimes had to fight as punishment if they were slaves or criminals, but could earn freedom if they won matches. Gladiator fights were held over 10-12 days each year in large oval stadiums for crowds of spectators.
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Hum2220 1800 roman gladiators
The document describes the history and culture of gladiatorial combat in ancient Rome. It discusses how gladiatorial games originated as funeral rituals for aristocrats in the 3rd century BC and later became public spectacles. Gladiators included slaves, prisoners, and later some volunteers seeking fame and wealth. They endured harsh training and lives but received benefits like food, housing and medical care. Various types of gladiators fought with different weapons and armor in matches to the death for the entertainment of audiences. The largest venue was the Coliseum in Rome, which could hold 50,000 spectators and was sometimes flooded for naval battles. Emperors like Commodus and Trajan staged extravagant games. The most famous glad
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Gladiators 101 corrected
Gladiators were slaves forced to fight in arenas for entertainment. They trained in schools to fight with weapons like swords, shields, and tridents against different types of opponents. The most popular gladiator games took place in the Colosseum starting in 80 AD. Gladiators came from war prisoners and slaves, and fought hoping to receive prizes or earn freedom by impressing the crowd with their combat skills.
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Gladiatorial combat originated as part of Roman funeral rites to provide armed attendants to accompany the dead. Gladiators included criminals, slaves, prisoners of war, and sometimes volunteers. They would fight with wooden or bare metal weapons in bloody spectacles in amphitheaters, fighting for their lives as entertainment for crowds. Over 800,000 people and thousands of animals died in the Roman Colosseum. The popularity of gladiator games and wild animal hunts led to the extinction of some species.
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This document discusses gladiators in ancient Rome. It provides information on whether women fought as gladiators, what types of equipment gladiators used, and how gladiators were trained. Specifically, it notes that while most gladiators were slaves or criminals, some wealthy Roman women also fought as female gladiators. It describes the armor and weapons female gladiators used, including swords and shields. The document also explains that a thumbs up or down gesture from spectators would determine whether a defeated gladiator lived or died.
Gladiators
Gladiators trained in gladiator schools and fought in amphitheatres, wearing protective gear like shields, boots, and armor. They ate legumes to gain strength for combat. Gladiators lived and trained in schools before competing in amphitheatres, and had a difficult life with risk of death and lack of rights. Different types of gladiators carried various weapons and armor into battle.
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Gladiators were men who fought each other or animals for entertainment in Roman coliseums. They used various weapons like spears, swords, daggers and shields. Gladiators fought because Romans believed it pleased the gods. They sometimes had to fight as punishment if they were slaves or criminals, but could earn freedom if they won matches. Gladiator fights were held over 10-12 days each year in large oval stadiums for crowds of spectators.
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Gladiators were men, often slaves or prisoners, forced to fight to the death in Roman arenas. They were named for the gladius, a basic Roman sword they used in combat. Different types of gladiators included the retiarius who used a net and the secutor who chased opponents.
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The Romans had three main forms of entertainment: theatrical performances, gladiatorial combat, and chariot racing. Theatrical performances included plays, mimes, pantomimes, concerts and poetry readings, which took place in small odeons or larger theaters. Gladiatorial combat originated from funeral games and occurred in amphitheaters, featuring fights between gladiators, animals, and humans versus animals. Chariot racing was said to date back to Romulus and took place in large circuses, where teams representing different colors competed on the track. Over time, entertainment became less about religious ceremonies and more about spectacle and politics.
Gnhu282romanspectacles
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The document describes the making of the BBC documentary "Colosseum - Rome's Arena of Death". It focuses on the story of the gladiator Verus, who was born free but captured and became a slave. He trained as a gladiator and rose to fame, having one of his fights recorded in history. The documentary recreates Verus' dramatic fight at the inaugural games of the Colosseum, where he faces a new challenge. It also explores the building of the Colosseum and the techniques used to make the gladiator fights as realistic as possible.
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The document summarizes aspects of Roman culture related to arts, architecture, slavery, and daily life. It discusses how the Romans spread Greco-Roman culture throughout their empire and excelled in sculpture, painting, architecture using concrete and curved forms. It describes how slavery was widespread and revolts like led by Spartacus occurred. Daily life in Rome included challenges like overcrowding and pollution while the poor lived in insulae apartments. Entertainment for citizens included chariot races, theater, and gladiator fights involving different types who often faced brutal training and deaths in venues like the Colosseum.
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How did changes in technology affect how horses were used in battle?
What were the unique challenges faced when caring for horses during wartime
Why were horses, not cars, seen as the major sources of pollution in big cities like New York City?
For more interesting videos, please click to subscribe to our YouTube Channel:
https://www.youtube.com/@ReflectionsMPH/?sub_confirmation=1
Shortcut: https://www.youtube.com/@ReflectionsMPH
YouTube video using this script: https://youtu.be/lB6x-__GHy4
© Copyright 2024
This blog includes footnotes and Amazon book links:
https://seekingvirtueandwisdom.com/horses-and-cavalry-from-xenophon-in-ancient-greece-to-the-american-civil-war-and-in-new-york-city/
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• Cavalry in Medieval Europe, how cavalry responded to the English longbow and invention of firearms, leading to unarmored light cavalry.
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Roman Games - Jozey Jezek
The ancient Romans held various spectacles in the Colosseum including chariot races, gladiator battles, wild beast hunts, and mock sea battles. Chariot races involved teams racing around the inner circle, with the first to complete seven laps declared winner. Gladiators, who were often criminals or prisoners of war, fought to the death for the entertainment of wealthy Romans and could earn freedom with enough victories. Exotic animals captured from the empire were hunted by gladiators or prisoners. Sea battles recreated famous naval engagements by filling the arena with water and having gladiators man boats.
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Pirates were often depicted inaccurately in movies and stories. In reality, they rarely buried treasure, swung between ships, or made people walk the plank. While some pirates like Blackbeard were truly fearsome, most lost limbs in battles and did not have hooks for hands. Pirates democratically elected captains and signed contracts detailing shares of plunder. Some women also took up piracy, dressing and fighting as men.
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Pirates
Pirates have existed for over 2000 years, with the golden age being between 1620-1720. While many pirates were criminals who attacked ships, some acted with government authorization to target enemy nations. Punishment for piracy was often death. Though rare, some women also became pirates by disguising as men. Life as a pirate was attractive due to freedom from rules and shared treasure, but it was also dangerous with threats of injury, disease and death. While legends of buried treasure are popular, pirates generally preferred to spend their loot. Modern pirates still operate off the coast of Africa using sophisticated technology to hijack ships.
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The document describes the making of the BBC documentary "Colosseum - Rome's Arena of Death". It focuses on the story of the gladiator Verus, who was born free but captured and forced into slavery. He became a famous gladiator who had one of his fights recorded in history. The documentary reconstructs Verus' rise to fame through drama and fight sequences. It also explores the construction of the Colosseum and the inaugural games held by Emperor Titus to gain popularity.
roman entertainment
Roman entertainment such as gladiator fights and chariot racing were very popular. Events were often held in the Colosseum, a large stadium in Rome that could hold over 50,000 people. A variety of deadly entertainments took place there, including gladiator battles, animal fights and executions of Christians. Gladiators would fight each other or wild animals, and often did not survive these battles. The Roman public enjoyed the violence and spectacle of death.
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The document summarizes aspects of Roman culture related to arts, architecture, slavery, and daily life. It discusses how the Romans spread Greco-Roman culture throughout their empire and excelled in sculpture, painting, architecture using concrete and curved forms. It describes how slavery was widespread and revolts like led by Spartacus occurred. Daily life in Rome included challenges like overcrowding and pollution while the poor lived in insulae apartments. Entertainment for citizens included chariot races, theater, and gladiator fights involving different types who often faced brutal training and deaths in venues like the Colosseum.
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How were horses used in cavalry forces in warfare in both the ancient and modern world? How did cavalrymen battle the enemy while on horseback, or in chariots? Or did the cavalry dismount and fight like infantry on foot?
How did changes in technology affect how horses were used in battle?
What were the unique challenges faced when caring for horses during wartime
Why were horses, not cars, seen as the major sources of pollution in big cities like New York City?
For more interesting videos, please click to subscribe to our YouTube Channel:
https://www.youtube.com/@ReflectionsMPH/?sub_confirmation=1
Shortcut: https://www.youtube.com/@ReflectionsMPH
YouTube video using this script: https://youtu.be/lB6x-__GHy4
© Copyright 2024
This blog includes footnotes and Amazon book links:
https://seekingvirtueandwisdom.com/horses-and-cavalry-from-xenophon-in-ancient-greece-to-the-american-civil-war-and-in-new-york-city/
We also review:
• How King Ahab died in his chariot.
• Achilles dragging the body of Hector around the walls of Troy in the Iliad.
• Xenophon and his works, the Cyropedia, the Education of Cyrus, or Cyrus the Great, the Anabasis, or the Persian Expedition with Cyrus the Younger, on leading the Greeks to the Black Sea, and On The Cavalry Commander and On the Art of Horsemanship.
• How the Anabasis inspired Alexander the Great.
• Robin Waterfield and his works.
• Why the Greek hoplite phalanx could withstand cavalry charges.
• Comparing the horse, mule, and oxen as pack animals.
• General Grant and the Siege of Vicksburg, and General Sherman and the March to the Sea, and the surrender of Robert E Lee at Appomattox.
• Cavalry in Medieval Europe, how cavalry responded to the English longbow and invention of firearms, leading to unarmored light cavalry.
• Cavalry in World War I and World War II and Afghanistan.
• How sanitation workers of New York City dealt with mountains of horse manure and dead horses.
Sejarah Tingkatan 4: Bab2
This document provides information about a history learning session for a group of students in Selangor, Malaysia. The session will take place at the Rosa Passadena Hotel in Cameron Highlands and will focus on learning objectives related to the civilizations of ancient Greece, Rome, India, and China. It lists the participating students and their schools. It then outlines the learning objectives and provides some background information about the key aspects and developments of these ancient civilizations.
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The document summarizes aspects of daily life in ancient Rome, including public baths that could hold 1,000 bathers, gladiatorial fights that often ended in death for prisoners or slaves, comedic plays performed by actors wearing distinctive masks to denote characters, and chariot races held in stadiums.
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Beginning in the late 19th century, the United States pursued an imperialist foreign policy driven by global competition and a desire for military strength, new markets, and cultural superiority. This led the US to acquire Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines through war, annexation, and purchase. The Spanish-American War in 1898 resulted in Cuba gaining independence while the US gained control over Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. Subsequent presidents like Theodore Roosevelt, William Taft, and Woodrow Wilson continued expansionist policies in Latin America and Asia through the early 20th century.
Ancient Greeks (Chapter 5) test review
The document provides a review of key terms and concepts from Chapter 5 on Ancient Greece. It includes 24 vocabulary terms and short definitions on important people, places, and events of Ancient Greece such as the Mycenaeans, Darius I, Xerxes, Athens' democracy, the Persian Wars, Socrates, and Alexander the Great. It also lists 4 things to know that ask about how geography influenced Greece's development, differences between Athens and Sparta, the Macedonian vs hoplite phalanx, and the importance of the Persian Wars.
Settling the West
The U.S. experience in settling the West. Covers Indian wars, rail roads and up to election of 1896. My thanks to Gennie Holcomb for providing framework material for the presentation.
Quickie Early U.S. History
1) The document provides a summary of early American history from the initial peopling of the Americas over 22,000 years ago to the establishment of the US Constitution. It covers the civilizations that developed in North, Central, and South America as well as European colonization beginning in the 15th century.
2) Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government was very weak which led to conflicts between states. This prompted the Constitutional Convention of 1787 where delegates drafted a new Constitution with a stronger federal government including an executive branch and national court system.
3) Key compromises during the Convention included representation in Congress, with the House based on population and Senate equal per state, and counting slaves as three
Answering The Three Economic Questions
The document discusses the three economic questions that must be answered by an economic system in distributing scarce resources:
1) What goods and services should be produced? This addresses balancing production of different goods like military vs consumer goods or education vs police funding.
2) How should goods and services be produced? This considers questions of production methods like the use of technology, labor, or resources.
3) Who consumes goods and services? Determining demand and appropriate markets for consumption of different goods.
American Free Enterprise
The document discusses several topics related to free enterprise in the United States, including:
1) Constitutional protections for private property rights and contracts help enable free enterprise by protecting individuals' ability to profit from their work and property without excessive government interference.
2) The government plays an important role in maintaining stability through consistent rules and taxation, though taxes above a certain level could hinder free enterprise and corporate taxes may ultimately be paid by consumers.
3) Key principles of free enterprise like the profit motive, voluntary exchange, and competition are generally well supported in the U.S. system, though the government's role is debated in areas like stimulus spending and regulating certain industries.
Federal Spending
Mandatory and discretionary Federal spending with plenty of charts and graphs and a look at Social Security.
Government Spending and Revenue, 1792-2009
The document shows US government spending, revenue, and debt data from 1792 to 1843. It includes total federal spending and revenue amounts, spending as a percentage of GDP, and breakdowns of spending on items like military, pensions, welfare, and education. Federal deficits are also listed along with total public debt each year. All dollar amounts are in billions and most spending was between 1-4% of GDP during this time period according to the data presented.
Elasticity Of Demand
The document discusses elasticity of demand, which refers to how much consumer demand for a product changes when the price changes. If demand does not change much when the price increases, demand is said to be inelastic. Inelastic demand occurs for necessities like insulin for diabetics - even if the price rises, diabetics' demand will not decrease much as they need it. Factors that impact elasticity include availability of substitutes, importance of the product in the consumer's budget, whether it is considered a necessity or luxury, and potential for substitutes over time. Companies must consider elasticity and the demand curve for their product to determine optimal pricing that maximizes revenue.
Taxes
The document discusses several key points about taxes:
1. Governments need tax revenue to fund services like defense, infrastructure, and education. Taxes are required even if unpopular.
2. The US Constitution gives Congress the power to tax and outlines some restrictions like uniformity and prohibiting taxes on exports or churches.
3. The 16th Amendment allowed the federal income tax, now providing nearly 50% of revenue. It addressed the government's growing needs and reduced reliance on other sources.
4. Taxes can be proportional, progressive, or regressive depending on how rates change with income level. Sales taxes are typically regressive.
Federal Taxes
The document discusses various aspects of figuring out and paying taxes in the United States. It covers federal income tax being due annually on April 15th and explains the basic forms like the 1040EZ. It describes the US having a progressive income tax system with marginal tax brackets. It also discusses deductions, exemptions, taxable income, W-2 forms, tax withholding, refunds, FICA taxes that fund Social Security and Medicare, state income taxes, unemployment taxes, excise taxes, estate taxes, and gift taxes.
Ewert’s Writing Rules
The document provides writing tips and rules for concise and effective writing. It recommends:
1) Writing efficiently and removing unnecessary content, redundancies, and qualifiers like "I think/feel/believe."
2) Mapping out arguments before writing and using new paragraphs for new ideas or argument steps.
3) Sticking to a clear position without contradicting yourself and preemptively addressing counterarguments.
4) Avoiding common grammar mistakes like subject-verb disagreement, unnecessary words, and inconsistent verb tense or pronouns.
Iceman Overall
Two different articles about the Iceman published about 15 years apart. The interpretations and theories surrounding him and his death changed drastically in that time. It's a nice illustration for how historical interpretations are not written in stone, but change depending on new evidence.
Iceman Reading
The document summarizes the findings from studying the well-preserved remains of a man who lived around 5,300 years ago in the Alps and was discovered in 1991. Scientists have learned much about his life from his body and the artifacts found with him. He was a fit adult male around 5'2" tall, wearing fur clothing that had been skillfully tailored, as well as a grass cape and leather shoes. His equipment included a copper axe, fur quiver with feathered arrows, bow made from strong yew wood, flint dagger and tools, and pouches containing practical supplies like a drill and a potential medicine bundle of mushrooms. These findings provide rare insights into the everyday life of a Stone Age travel
World War Comparison Chart
World War I and World War II are compared across categories such as causes, players, dates of US involvement, key battles and events, characteristics, winners and losers, reasons for victory, territorial changes, treaties, and results. The document provides a template to analyze and contrast the two world wars.
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你做代理，可以改变自己，改变他人，给他人和自己一个机会大块就啃啃得满嘴满脸猴屁股般的红艳大家一个劲地指着对方吃吃地笑瓜裂得古怪奇形怪状却丝毫不影响瓜味甜丝丝的满嘴生津遍地都是瓜横七竖八的活像掷满了一地的大石块摘走二三只爷爷是断然发现不了的即便发现爷爷也不恼反而教山娃辨认孰熟孰嫩孰甜孰淡名义上是护瓜往往在瓜棚里坐上一刻饱吃一顿后山娃就领着阿黑漫山遍野地跑阿黑是一条黑色的大猎狗挺机灵的是山娃多年的忠实伙伴平时山娃上学阿黑也摇头晃脑地跟去暑假用不着上学阿钩
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After this first you should: Understand the nature of mining; have an awareness of the industry’s boundaries, corporate structure and size; appreciation the complex motivations and objectives of the industries’ various participants; know how mineral reserves are defined and estimated, and how they evolve over time.
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Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024)
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.
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OJP data from firms like Vicinity Jobs have emerged as a complement to traditional sources of labour demand data, such as the Job Vacancy and Wages Survey (JVWS). Ibrahim Abuallail, PhD Candidate, University of Ottawa, presented research relating to bias in OJPs and a proposed approach to effectively adjust OJP data to complement existing official data (such as from the JVWS) and improve the measurement of labour demand.2. Elemental Economics - Mineral demand.pdf
After this second you should be able to: Explain the main determinants of demand for any mineral product, and their relative importance; recognise and explain how demand for any product is likely to change with economic activity; recognise and explain the roles of technology and relative prices in influencing demand; be able to explain the differences between the rates of growth of demand for different products.
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6.6 - Bread And Circuses (chariot racing and gladiators)
- 1. Bread and Circuses in the Roman Empire (chariot races and gladiators)
- 17. The other big spectacle was the gladiatorial games.
- 21. Oblong shield, curved helmet, right arm and left leg covering, and wielded a sword.
- 24. Samnites
- 25. Thracians
- 26. Murmillio
- 31. The games were fought in the Flavian Amphitheatre, aka The Colosseum (this was dubbed later due to a collosal statue of Nero outside of it).
- 36. The awnings used such a complicated pulley system that they were operate by Roman sailors.
- 40. The corridors that ran beneath the arena floor and were used for temporarily housing men and animals for the games. It came complete with elevators to the top for theatrical entrances.