The document discusses the evolution of emerging technologies through industrial revolutions. It defines emerging technology and lists examples like artificial intelligence, blockchain, augmented reality, and the Internet of Things. It then explains the four industrial revolutions as: (1) steam power driving factories, (2) mass production using electricity, (3) digital revolution beginning in the 1950s, and (4) current revolution integrating cyber-physical systems like robotics and autonomous vehicles tightly with the internet. Key inventions in transportation, industry, and communication marked each revolution as societies shifted to new sources of energy and manufacturing processes.

1. EMERGING
TECHNOLOGIES
J O S W E A . B A G U I O

2. Introduction
Inthischapterevolutionoftechnology,theroleof
dataforemergingtechnology,enablingdevices
andnetworksfortechnologies(programmable
devices),HumantoMachineInteraction(HCI)
andfuturetrends(movements)oftechnologies
arediscussed.

3. Evolution of Technologies
Whatisemergingtechnologies?
• Emergingtechnologyisatermgenerallyusedtodescribe
anewtechnology,butitmayalsorefertothecontinuing
developmentofexistingtechnology.
• Thetermcommonlyreferstotechnologiesthatare
currentlydeveloping,orthatareexpectedtobeavailable
withinthenextfivetotenyears,andisusuallyreservedfor
technologiesthatarecreatingorareexpectedtocreate
significantsocialoreconomiceffects.

4. What istheroot wordoftechnology and
evolution?
Technology:
• 1610s,"discourseortreatiseonanartorthearts,"
fromGreektekhnologia"systematictreatmentof
anart,craft,ortechnique,".Themeaning"science
ofthemechanicalandindustrialarts"isfirst
recordedin1859.
• Evolution:Evolutionmeanstheprocessof
developingbygradualchanges.

5. List of some currently available
emerged technologies:
• ArtificialIntelligence
• Blockchain
• AugmentedRealityandVirtualReality
• CloudComputing
• AngularandReactDevOps
• InternetofThings(IoT)
• IntelligentApps(I-Apps)BigData
• RoboticProcessorAutomation(RPA)

6. Introduction tothe Industrial
Revolution (IR)
• TheIndustrialRevolutionwasaperiodofmajor
industrializationandinnovationthattookplace
duringthelate1700sandearly1800s.
• AnIndustrialRevolutionatitscoreoccurswhena
societyshiftsfromusingtoolstomakeproductsto
usenewsourcesofenergy,suchaspetroleum,to
powermachinesinfactories.

7. Introduction tothe Industrial
Revolution (IR)
• TherevolutionstartedinEngland,withaseriesofinnovationsto
• makelabormoreefficientandproductive.TheIndustrial
Revolutionwasatimewhenthemanufacturingofgoodsmoved
fromsmallshopsandhomestolargefactories.
• Thisshiftbroughtaboutchangesincultureaspeoplemovedfrom
ruralareastobigcitiesinordertowork.
• TheAmericanIndustrialRevolutioncommonlyreferredtoasthe
SecondIndustrialRevolution,startedsometimebetween1820and
1870.

8. • Generally,thefollowingindustrialrevolutions
fundamentallychangedandtransfertheworld
aroundusintomodernsociety.
• Thesteamengine,Theageofscienceand
massproduction,andTherise(increase)of
digitaltechnologySmartandautonomous
systemsfueledbydataandmachinelearning.

9. TheMost Important Inventions of
the Industrial Revolution
Transportation:
• TheSteamEngine,
• TheRailroad,
• TheDieselEngine,
• TheAirplane.
Industry:
• The Cotton Gin.
• The Sewing Machine.
• Electric Lights.
Communication:
• TheTelegraph.
• TheTransatlantic Cable.
• The Phonograph.
• TheTelephone.

10. Historical Background (IR 1.0, IR 2.0,
IR 3.0)
Thefourtypesofindustriesare:
• Theprimaryindustryinvolvesgettingrawmaterialse.g.
mining,farming,andfishing.
• Thesecondaryindustryinvolvesmanufacturinge.g.
makingcarsandsteel.
• Tertiaryindustriesprovideaservicee.g.teachingand
nursing.
• Thequaternaryindustryinvolvesresearchand
developmentindustriese.g.IT.

11. Industrial Revolution (IR 1.0)
TheIndustrialRevolution(IR)isdescribedasa
transitiontonewmanufacturingprocesses.IR
wasfirstcoinedinthe1760s,duringthetime
wherethisrevolutionbegan.Thetransitionsinthe
firstIRincludedgoingfromhandproduction
methodstomachines,theincreasinguseof
steampower.

12. Industrial Revolution (IR 2.0)
Begansomewhereinthe1870s.
TheadvancementsinIR2.0includedthedevelopment
ofmethodsformanufacturinginterchangeableparts
andwidespreadadoptionofpre-existingtechnological
systemssuchastelegraphandrailroadnetworks.This
adoptionallowedthevastmovementofpeopleand
ideas,enhancingcommunication.Moreover,new
technologicalsystemswereintroduced,suchas
electricalpower

13. Industrial Revolution (IR 3.0)
IR3.0introducedthetransitionfrommechanical
andanalogelectronictechnologytodigital
electronicswhichbeganfromthelate1950s.
Thecorefactorofthisrevolutionisthemass
productionandwidespreaduseofdigitallogic
circuitsanditsderivedtechnologiessuchasthe
computer,handphonesandtheInternet.

14. Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0)
Now,withadvancementsinvarioustechnologiessuchas
robotics,InternetofThings,additivemanufacturingand
autonomousvehicles,Theterm“FourthIndustrial
Revolution”orIR4.0wascoinedbyKlausSchwab,the
founderandexecutivechairmanofWorldEconomicForum,
intheyear2016.Thetechnologiesmentionedabovearewhat
youcall–cyber-physicalsystems.Acyber-physicalsystemisa
mechanismthatiscontrolledormonitoredbycomputer-
basedalgorithms,tightlyintegratedwiththeInternetandits
users.

15. Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0)
Now,withadvancementsinvarioustechnologiessuchas
robotics,InternetofThings,additivemanufacturingand
autonomousvehicles,Theterm“FourthIndustrial
Revolution”orIR4.0wascoinedbyKlausSchwab,the
founderandexecutivechairmanofWorldEconomicForum,
intheyear2016.Thetechnologiesmentionedabovearewhat
youcall–cyber-physicalsystems.Acyber-physicalsystemisa
mechanismthatiscontrolledormonitoredbycomputer-
basedalgorithms,tightlyintegratedwiththeInternetandits
users.