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ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
1 31/
‫بررسی‬EMC‫الکترونیک‬ ‫و‬ ‫الکترونیک‬ ‫درمدارهای‬
‫قدرت‬
‫مالقاسمی‬ ‫علی‬
951332204
‫استادراهنما‬:
‫پور‬ ‫سنایی‬ ‫دکتر‬ ‫اقای‬ ‫جناب‬
‫پاییز‬95
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
2 31/
‫فهرست‬
•‫معرفی‬EMC
•‫اهمیت‬ ‫علل‬EMC
•‫نحوه‬‫مالحظات‬ ‫اعمال‬EMC
•‫کارگیری‬ ‫به‬ ‫قوانین‬EMC‫درساخت‬PCB
•‫افزارها‬ ‫نرم‬
•‫قوانین‬ ‫به‬ ‫دسترسی‬ ‫منابع‬
•‫گیری‬ ‫نتیجه‬
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
3 31/
‫مقدمه‬
•‫آ‬ ‫والبته‬ ‫الکترونیکی‬ ‫تجهیزات‬ ‫از‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫روزافزون‬ ‫باافزایش‬‫س‬‫یب‬‫پذیرتر‬
‫الکترومغناطیسی‬ ‫تداخالت‬ ‫درمقابل‬ ‫تجهیزات‬ ‫این‬ ‫شدن‬(‫پایی‬ ‫دلیل‬ ‫به‬‫آمدن‬ ‫تر‬ ‫ن‬
‫مصرفی‬ ‫توان‬-‫و‬ ‫شدن‬ ‫تر‬ ‫کوچک‬)...‫درمحیط‬ ‫نویزموجود‬ ‫افزایش‬ ‫والبته‬
‫طر‬ ‫خصوص‬ ‫به‬ ‫و‬ ‫الکترونیکی‬ ‫تجهیزات‬ ‫طراحی‬ ‫راهکارهای‬ ‫از‬ ‫استفاده‬‫احی‬
‫است‬ ‫یافته‬ ‫مهندسین‬ ‫بین‬ ‫در‬ ‫زیادی‬ ‫اهمیت‬ ‫چاپی‬ ‫مدارهای‬.
•‫قرارگر‬ ‫نویزها‬ ‫انواع‬ ‫لحاظ‬ ‫به‬ ‫ممکن‬ ‫فضای‬ ‫ترین‬ ‫آلوده‬ ‫در‬ ‫بشرامروزه‬‫فته‬
‫است‬.
•‫تو‬ ‫دونکته‬ ‫به‬ ‫باید‬ ‫طراحی‬ ‫درهنگام‬ ‫الکترونیک‬ ‫طراح‬ ‫یک‬ ‫رو‬ ‫این‬ ‫از‬‫جه‬
‫کند‬:
•‫گذارد؟‬ ‫می‬ ‫اثر‬ ‫طراحی‬ ‫بر‬ ‫چگونه‬ ‫محیط‬EMS
•‫بگذارد؟‬ ‫اثر‬ ‫برمحیط‬ ‫است‬ ‫ممکن‬ ‫چگونه‬ ‫طراحی‬EMI
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
4 31/
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
5 31/
‫مالحظات‬ ‫اعمال‬ ‫اهمیت‬EMC
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
6 31/
‫طراحی‬ ‫هرم‬EMC
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
7 31/
‫ناخواسته‬ ‫آثار‬ ‫حذف‬ ‫اصول‬
‫ناخواسته‬ ‫اثر‬ ‫یک‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫برای‬:
‫الف‬-‫باشد‬ ‫داشته‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫انرژی‬ ‫منبع‬ ‫یک‬ ‫باید‬(‫سرکوب‬)
‫ب‬-‫وجود‬ ‫تشعشعی‬ ‫انرژی‬ ‫از‬ ‫کمتر‬ ‫نویزتحملی‬ ‫باآستانه‬ ‫گیرنده‬ ‫یک‬ ‫باید‬‫باشد‬ ‫داشته‬.
‫ج‬-‫گیر‬ ‫سمت‬ ‫به‬ ‫منبع‬ ‫از‬ ‫ناخواسته‬ ‫توان‬ ‫انتقال‬ ‫مسیرکوپلینگ‬ ‫یک‬ ‫باید‬‫وجودداشته‬ ‫نده‬
‫باشد‬.
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
8 31/
‫عمومی‬ ‫قوانین‬
‫اعمال‬EMC
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
9 31/
‫سوم‬ ‫قانون‬
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
10 31/
‫چهارم‬ ‫قانون‬
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
11 31/
‫پنجم‬ ‫قانون‬(‫مساحت‬ ‫اصل‬)
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
12 31/
‫ششم‬ ‫قانون‬
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
13 31/
‫هفتم‬ ‫قانون‬(‫عبور‬ ‫قانون‬)
•‫یکدیگرعبورکنند،مسیره‬ ‫روی‬ ‫از‬ ‫سیگنال‬ ‫دوخط‬ ‫است‬ ‫الزم‬ ‫که‬ ‫مواردی‬ ‫در‬‫ای‬
‫قرارگرف‬ ‫سیگنال‬ ‫مسیررفت‬ ‫که‬ ‫صورتی‬ ‫همان‬ ‫به‬ ‫دقیقا‬ ‫باید‬ ‫بازگشت‬‫قرار‬ ‫ته‬
‫گیرند‬(.‫درنبودزمین‬)
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
14 31/
‫هشتم‬ ‫قانون‬(‫دکوپالژ‬ ‫خازن‬)
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
15 31/
‫تغذی‬ ‫های‬ ‫پایه‬ ‫و‬ ‫سی‬ ‫آی‬ ‫به‬ ‫نقطه‬ ‫ترین‬ ‫نزدیک‬ ‫در‬ ‫که‬ ‫گفت‬ ‫میتوان‬ ‫خازن‬ ‫گیری‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫مکان‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫در‬‫و‬ ‫ه‬
‫گیرد‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫زمین‬.‫باشن‬ ‫داشته‬ ‫فاصله‬ ‫یکدیگر‬ ‫از‬ ‫سی‬ ‫ای‬ ‫زمین‬ ‫و‬ ‫تغذیه‬ ‫های‬ ‫پایه‬ ‫که‬ ‫امادرصورتی‬‫د،درصورتی‬
‫باشد‬ ‫نزدیکتر‬ ‫سی‬ ‫ای‬ ‫به‬ ‫تغذیه‬ ‫صفحه‬ ‫که‬.‫قرارگیر‬ ‫زمین‬ ‫پایه‬ ‫نزدیکی‬ ‫در‬ ‫باید‬ ‫دکوپالژ‬ ‫خازن‬‫بالعکس‬ ‫و‬ ‫د‬.
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
16 31/
‫نهم‬ ‫قانون‬(‫زمین‬ ‫ناپیوستگی‬)
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
17 31/
‫دهم‬ ‫قانون‬(‫زمین‬ ‫گسترش‬)
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
18 31/
‫یازدهم‬ ‫قانون‬(‫الکتریکی‬ ‫دکوپالژ‬)
‫با‬ ‫خط‬ ‫یک‬ ‫توان‬ ‫سیگنال،می‬ ‫دوخط‬ ‫بین‬ ‫خازنی‬ ‫دکوپالژ‬ ‫به‬ ‫نیاز‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫در‬‫پتانسیل‬
‫قرارداد‬ ‫دومسیرسیگنال‬ ‫بین‬ ‫را‬ ‫زمین‬.‫ط‬ ‫دومسیر،در‬ ‫بین‬ ‫زیرخازن‬ ‫شکل‬ ‫در‬‫ول‬
10‫از‬ ‫سانتیمتر‬2.5‫به‬0.35‫است‬ ‫یافته‬ ‫پیکوفارادکاهش‬.
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
19 31/
‫دوازدهم‬ ‫قانون‬(‫باال‬ ‫فرکانس‬ ‫مالحظات‬)
•‫هستند‬ ‫پارازیتیک‬ ‫عملکرد‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫عناصر‬ ‫تمامی‬ ‫باال‬ ‫فرکانس‬ ‫در‬.
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
20 31/
•‫های‬ ‫پکیج‬ ‫از‬ ‫المقدور‬ ‫حتی‬ ‫شود‬ ‫می‬ ‫توصیه‬ ‫اثار‬ ‫این‬ ‫بردن‬ ‫بین‬ ‫از‬ ‫برای‬
S.M.D‫شعاع‬ ‫به‬ ‫دایروی‬ ‫رسانای‬ ‫یک‬ ‫برای‬ ‫طورکلی‬ ‫به‬ ‫زیرا‬ ‫شود‬ ‫استفاده‬r‫وطول‬
l‫ارتفاع‬ ‫به‬ ‫زمین‬ ‫صفحه‬ ‫یک‬ ‫برروی‬ ‫که‬h‫به‬ ‫زیر‬ ‫رابطه‬ ‫از‬ ‫است‬ ‫شده‬ ‫کشیده‬
‫آید‬ ‫می‬ ‫دست‬:
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
21 31/
‫کوچک‬ ‫های‬ ‫پکیج‬ ‫از‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫طریق‬ ‫از‬ ‫رساناها‬ ‫طول‬ ‫کردن‬ ‫کمتر‬ ‫و‬ ‫باکوچکترکردن‬ ‫پس‬‫می‬ ‫تر‬
‫داد‬ ‫بردراکاهش‬ ‫در‬ ‫اثرالقایی‬ ‫توان‬.
‫سیزدهم‬ ‫قانون‬(‫سیگنال‬ ‫انشعاب‬)
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
22 31/
‫چهاردهم‬ ‫قانون‬(‫ها‬ ‫سیم‬ ‫بندی‬ ‫دسته‬)
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
23 31/
‫پانزدهم‬ ‫قانون‬‫بردهای‬ ‫بهینه‬ ‫طراحی‬ ‫جدول‬
‫الیه‬ ‫چند‬
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
24 31/
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
25 31/
‫سازی‬ ‫پیاده‬ ‫افزارهای‬ ‫نرم‬EMC
• CST(PCB STUDIO,MW STUDIO)
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
26 31/
• ALTIUM DESIGNER
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
27 31/
‫گیری‬ ‫نتیجه‬
•‫مالحظات‬ ‫درنظرگرفتن‬ ‫طورکلی‬ ‫به‬EMC‫مهندس‬ ‫یک‬ ‫تفاوت‬ ‫کلید‬ ‫ترین‬ ‫اصلی‬
‫باشد‬ ‫می‬ ‫اماتور‬ ‫طراح‬ ‫یک‬ ‫با‬ ‫ای‬ ‫حرفه‬ ‫الکترونیک‬ ‫طراح‬.
•‫های‬ ‫دانسته‬EMC‫مختلف‬ ‫های‬ ‫شرکت‬ ‫محصوالت‬ ‫تمایزکیفیت‬ ‫وجوه‬ ‫از‬ ‫یکی‬‫می‬
‫ج‬ ‫قوانین‬ ‫و‬ ‫اصول‬ ‫به‬ ‫نیل‬ ‫برای‬ ‫مخفیانه‬ ‫تحقیقاتی‬ ‫همواره‬ ‫رو‬ ‫این‬ ‫از‬ ‫باشد‬‫دید‬
‫تر‬EMC‫است‬ ‫درجریان‬ ‫مختلف‬ ‫های‬ ‫شرکت‬ ‫درآزمایشگاههاو‬.
•‫قوانین‬ ‫از‬ ‫زیادی‬ ‫بخش‬EMC‫صورت‬ ‫به‬ ‫و‬ ‫ندارد‬ ‫دقیق‬ ‫و‬ ‫منطقی‬ ‫اثبات‬ ‫هنوز‬
‫است‬ ‫شده‬ ‫پذیرفته‬ ‫تجربی‬.
•‫هاو‬ ‫هزینه‬ ‫کاهش‬ ‫باعث‬ ‫طراحی‬ ‫اول‬ ‫مراحل‬ ‫در‬ ‫مالحظات‬ ‫این‬ ‫نظرگرفتن‬ ‫در‬
‫شود‬ ‫می‬ ‫محصول‬ ‫بهبودکیفیت‬.
•‫ب‬ ‫فقط‬ ‫مقاله‬ ‫دراین‬ ‫وجودداردکه‬ ‫مالحظات‬ ‫این‬ ‫درباره‬ ‫زیادی‬ ‫بسیار‬ ‫قوانین‬‫تعداد‬ ‫ه‬
‫شد‬ ‫ازآنهااشاره‬ ‫معدودی‬.
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
28 31/
‫قوانین‬ ‫دریافت‬ ‫برای‬ ‫منابع‬ ‫ترین‬ ‫اصلی‬
• Design Guides(ATMEL,FORD,NEC,…)
• BOOKS(SIMPLE THEORY)
• STANDARDS(REGULATORY)
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
29 31/
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
30 31/
‫سپاسگزارم‬ ‫شما‬ ‫ازتوجه‬
ALIMOLLAGHASEMI
31 31/

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emc conciderations in pcb