ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF MUSIC

3. is an aural art form consisting of
organized sounds in time
is a form of expression, a means of
communication
is a very much part of our lives. We
use it for aesthetic, spiritual, social,
cultural, therapeutic and recreational
purposes

4. Several reasons why we
study music
 Music brings joy and satisfaction to all
 Music is vitalizing factor for the other
subjects in the school curriculum
 Music supplies man’s potential power
and energy for creative growth

5. Several reasons why we
study music
 Music enhances and improve human
relationships and character building
 Music is the panacea for all woes

6. Music Education
 is not merely the teaching of music.
 It is also relating of music to human
life and promoting of its use and
enjoyment.

7. Significance of Music Education
 reflected in the passage of the Music
Education Law (RA 4723)-an act
giving importance to the teaching of
music in the curricular of elementary
and secondary schools in 1966.
 Through the singing of folksongs
….the child demonstrates love of
country, the primary aim of Article XV
of the Constitution, Sec. 8, No.
4.

8. Objectives of Music Education
1. Enrich life experience through
observation, exploration, discovery,
cooperation and participation
2. Discover creative potentialities
through singing, listening, playing,
moving, reading and creating

9. Objectives of Music Education
3. Enhance visual and aural perception
for aesthetic and intellectual value
judgment
4. Utilize music as an outlet for one’s
feelings
5. Gain acquaintance with music of
different countries

10. Objectives of Music Education
6. Develop fellowship for universal
communication and social cohesion
7. Awaken interest in global culture
8. Develop nationalistic spirit in adapting
Philippine music

11. Objectives of Music Education
9. Gain familiarity with the different
styles of Philippine songs, dances,
festivals, musical instruments
10. Involve community participation for a
harmonious school-community
relationship

12. AREAS OF MUSIC INSTRUCTION
•SINGING
•LISTENING
•MOVING
•PLAYING
•READING
•CREATING

13. SINGING…
 Is the child’s outlet of his emotions
and energy
 Criteria in the selection of songs:
 Musical value
 Suitability to the grade level
 Suitability to the occasion
 Proper range
 Beauty of tone

14. LISTENING…
 The first school experience with music
is listening
 Several levels of listening
 Passive of receptive listening
 Exploratory listening
 Inner listening
 Normative listening
 Interpretative listening
 Analytic listening
 Remembered listening

15. MOVING…
 Music encompasses mind, body and
feeling
 Movement is a means of fostering
human capacities for creativity,
imagination and wisdom
 Movement for spatial relations
 Rhythmic presentations
 Action songs
 Dance

16. PLAYING…
 Is an exhilarating experience to
children in synchronizing expressive
physical activities and to parade and
display their developed physique and
acquired skill

17. READING…
 Is the ability to translate a system of
formal arrangements of abstract
symbols into meaningful patterns of
sounds and movements

18. CREATING…
 This activity enable the child to give
expression to personal musical
initiative and can bring to him a very
intimate and revealing insight into
significant values of music itself

19. ACTIVITY:
LITERARY – MUSICAL GAMES
CHANGE ONE LETTER
1. tempt
2. heat
3. test
4. ripe
5. medal
6. ditch
7. sold
8. bolo
9. gone
10. blur
1. tempo
2. beat
3. rest
4. pipe
5. pedal
6. pitch
7. hold
8. solo
9. tone
10. slur

20. ACTIVITY:
LITERARY – MUSICAL GAMES
CHANGE ONE LETTER
1. compost
2. line
3. pound
4. tuna
5. corner
6. chores
7. ford
8. marsh
9. top
10. ringer
1. composer
2. fine
3. sound
4. tune
5. cornet
6. chorus
7. form
8. march
9. pop
10. singer

21. ADD ONE LETTER
1. pace
2. son
3. fort
4. cod
5. lent
6. ode
7. lye
8. not
9. vice
10. old
1. space
2. song
3. forte
4. coda
5. lento
6. mode
7. lyre
8. note
9. voice
10. hold
ACTIVITY:
LITERARY – MUSICAL GAMES

22.  it is important and necessary to
know the materials used by the
creative artists

23. - ???

24. Fundamentals of Music
o Rhythm
o Melody
o Harmony & Texture
o Form
o Timbre or Color
o Tempo
o Dynamics

25. RHYTHM (ritmo)
The beat in music
o BEAT
o Basic pulse of music
o ACCENT
o Emphasis on a sound indicated by >
o METER
o Regular occurrence of accented and
unaccented beats
o Indicated by two symbols: time
signature and the bar lines

26. RHYTHM (ritmo)
The beat in music
o Common Meters
o Duple meter
o Triple meter
o Quadruple meter

27. MELODIYA (melodiya)
 The tune in music
 Made up of both rhythm and pitch
o PITCH (antas ng tunog)
o Highness of lowness of sound
o DURATION (katagalan)
o The length of time a sound occupies---
how long or how short the sound is
heard

28. HARMONY (armonya)
 Simultaneous sounding of two or more tones
o TRIAD (triad)
o Simple chord having 3 tones
o CONSONANCE (konsonante)
o Agreeable and harmonious effect of
chords such as major or minor

29. HARMONY (armonya)
 Simultaneous sounding of two or more tones
o DISSONANCE (Disintonado)
o Combination of chords that has the
effect of tension which usually resolves
to a consonant chord like 7th chords,
augmented & diminished
o BROKEN CHORD
o A chord in which the tones are played
one after the other rather than
simultaneously

30. TEXTURE (tekstura)
 Relationships between one or more “melodies” and
other accompanying musical sounds
o MONOPHONY (monoponya)
o Single melodic line
o POLYPHONY (poloponya)
o Two or more different lines being sung
or played simultaneously
o HOMOPHONY (homoponya)
o Melody with chordal accompaniment

31. TEXTURE (tekstura)
 Relationships between one or more “melodies” and
other accompanying musical sounds
o MIXED TEXTURE
o Polyphony and homophony
o HETEROPHONY
o Two or more voices or instruments
elaborating or improvising on the same
melody at the same time

32. FORM (anyo)
 Is the structure/design in music
o NOTE
o A musical sound or its symbol
o MOTIVE
o The smallest part of a musical
composition
o Self contained unit in music consisting
of two or more successive notes which
form a distinctive rhythmic, pitch or
melodic pattern

33. FORM (anyo)
 Is the structure/design in music
o PHRASE
o A musical line that expresses a
complete musical idea
o PERIOD
o Formed when 2 phrases (antecedent
and consequent phrases) are put
together in question-and-answer form

34. FORM (anyo)
 Is the structure/design in music
o SECTION
o Formed from phrases and periods
o UNITARY FORM
o Has only one section
o STROPHIC FORM
o Has two or more sections that use the
same tune but different lyrics

35. FORM (anyo)
o BINARY FORM
o Has two contrasting section (AB)
o TERNARY FORM
o Has three sections, the third similar to
the first (ABA)
o RONDO FORM
o Has contrasting sections in between
repetitions of the A section (ABACA)

36. TIMBRE/COLOR (timbre)
Tone quality
o CLASSIFICATION OF VOICE
o Soprano
o Alto
o Tenor
o Bass
o Baritone
o Contralto

37. TIMBRE/COLOR (timbre)
Tone quality
o CLASSIFICATION OF
INSTRUMENTS
o Aerophones
o Chordophones
o Idiophones
o Membranophones
o Electrophones

38. TEMPO (tyempo)
The speed in music

39. DYNAMICS (dynamika)
Loudness and softness of sound

40. GROUP ACTIVITY:
Group 1 Create movements
Group 2 Dramatize a song
Group 3 Change words of the song
Group 4 Create partner songs

41. SALAMAT PO!!!
MILDRED Z. GALLENO
Tayabas East Central School II
Tayabas East District