Electron beam welding is a fusion welding process that uses a stream of high-speed electrons generated by an electron gun and accelerated using electrical fields to melt and join materials. The electron beam is tightly focused using magnetic fields onto the materials to be welded. It allows for welding of thin to thick plates from 0.1mm to 300mm thick and offers advantages like high welding speed, precision, cleaner welds, and ability to weld exotic alloys or dissimilar materials. However, it has limitations like requiring electrically conductive materials and expertise to operate complex equipment.

1. ELECTRON BEAM WELDING

2. Introduction
Electron beam (EBW) welding is a fusion
welding process whereby electrons are
generated by an electron gun and accelerated
to high speeds using electrical fields. This high
speed stream of electrons is tightly focused
using magnetic fields and applied to the
materials to be joined.

4. • Electron gun consist of tungsten filament which is
heated to emit electron.
• Electrons are accelerated from the source with
high voltage potential between cathode and
anode.
• Stream of electron pass through hole in the
anode
• Beam is directed by magnetic force of focusing
and deflecting coil.
• The beam is finally applied to the material to be
joined.

5. Advantages Disadvantages
• Thin and thick plate welding (0.1mm
between 300mm)
• Electrical conductivity of material
required
• High welding speed • Limited size of work piece
• Extreme precision due to CNC
programming
• Due to the complex technical equipment
expert operators are essential
• Cleaner, stronger and homogeneous
welding is produced
• Size work piece limited by chamber size
• Exotic alloy and dissimilar material can
be welded
• High investment

6. Application
• Transmission assemblies are frequently
fabricated by electron beam welding