5. - The transfer of electrons creates charges that also interact
with other charges.
- If two materials have different charges, they attract or pull
towards each other
- If two things have the same charge, they repel or push
away from each other
6.
7.
8.
9. CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS
Conductors Insulators
Electrons flow easily
between atoms
1-3 valence electrons in
outer orbit
Examples: Silver,
Copper, Gold, Aluminum
Electron flow is difficult
between atoms
5-8 valence electrons in
outer orbit
Examples: Mica, Glass,
Quartz
10.
11. GROUNDING
-To prevent electric shock
-Is used for safety measures
-Provide a pathway for current to leave a
charge object
-Allows electrons to move freely in and out
of the object.
12. KEY POINTS
1. Charges cannot be created nor destroyed but can
be transferred from one material to another. The
total charge in a system remains constant.
2. A body could either be positively charged,
negatively charged or neutral. Negatively charged
bodies have excess electrons and positively
charged bodies have deficiency of electron. Bodies
that are electrically neutral have the same number
of protons and electrons.
13. 4. Electrification or charging is the process of
producing an electrically charged object. Materials can
be charged in three different ways: through friction by
rubbing them together; through induction charging
where an object can be charged without actual contact
to any other charged object; and through charging by
conduction which involves the contact of a charged
object to a neutral object.
5. Triboelectric Series is a device that could determine
the charges of the materials when rubbed together.
The charge of the materials changes based on their
14. 6. A charged material can also attract an uncharged
material through polarization where the charges
within the neutral object are rearranged such that
the charged material attracts the opposite charges
within the neutral object.
7. Materials could either be conductors, insulators
or semiconductors. Conductors are materials that
permit electric charges to move easily within them
while insulators are materials that permit electric
charges to move much less readily.
