The document analyzes factors affecting electoral systems in Southeast Asian countries and identifies reasons for election anomalies. It finds that lack of representation, responsiveness, and inclusiveness influence all democracies. Election fraud is possible in Philippines, Indonesia, and Thailand due to electorate manipulation, disenfranchisement, intimidation, and other issues. Several factors cause continuing election anomalies, including vote buying and tampering. Suggested solutions include establishing criteria for fair, free, orderly and honest elections to eliminate fraud and anomalies.

2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1. Are there any factor/s affecting or influencing the electoral system of the
Southeast Asian Countries?
2. Does election fraud happens in Philippines, Indonesia and Thailand?
3. What are the reasons why there are election anomalies happening during the
election?
4. What possible suggested solutions can be given to eradicate or minimize the
anomalies in election?

3. FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS
1. In general, in Southeast Asia, lack of representativeness, responsiveness and inclusiveness of
parliamentary politics are complaints common to all democracies.
2. As analyzed on the data gathered which accounts the electoral system in their own nation, election
fraud is very possible to be happen on them.
3. The following enumerated below are the reasons or factors why election anomalies is still a
perennial activity in Southeast Asia: Electorate Manipulation, Manipulation of Demography,
Disenfranchisement, Intimidation, Vote buying, Misinformation, Misleading or Confusing Ballot
Papers, Ballot Stuffing, Mis-recording of Votes, Misuse of Proxy Votes, Destruction or Invalidation
of Ballots, Tampering with Electronic Voting Machines.
4. Solutions also of the electoral process and results calls for the formulation of a well-defined set of
criteria. the criteria used to operationalize are; fair, free, orderly and honest elections.

4. CONCLUSION
A. Every states in Southeast Asia has several of electoral system but still aims for the same objective. Mostly, the
historical development of the electoral system of a state affects or influence most of their election system.
B. Living in a world full of conflicts and people sought for their interests and satisfaction, it is undeniable that
electoral fraud can really happen in any countries. Only few are recognized that electoral fraud is not
accounted. Election fraud and anomalies will depend also on the type of government.
C. Several factors are known by people, mostly by the Election Commission, why electoral fraud and election
anomalies are still happening in the country. Some factors may be a criteria for clean election but is also prone
for contributing a harm to the election exercises.
D. Set of criteria are identified that is applicable for assessing a clean election and can be also considered as a
solution to electoral fraud and anomalies that is happening. That is, to eliminate or to eradicate the harm in the
election.

5. THANK YOU
AND
GOD BLESS