Election Canvassing Process in the Phils

General Guidelines and Other Related
Rules and Regulations for the October 30, 2023
Barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan Elections
(BSKE) and all succeeding BSKEs thereafter.
RESOLUTION NO.
10924

BOARD OF CANVASSERS/
Sub-Canvassing Unit (Sec.539-540)
NOTE:
In a barangay with only 1 Electoral Board, it shall convert itself as BBOC.
Commission shall have direct supervision and control over BBOC/Sub-Canvassing
Units
Chairperson
Vice
Chairperson
Member -
Secretary

BBOC/Sub-Canvassing Unit HONORARIUM
NO. OF BARANGAY
ELECTION RETURNS
BBOC COMING FROM
EB
1 to 5 P 1,000.00
6 to 12 P 1,500.00
13 to 24 P 2,000.00
NO. OF BARANGAY
ELECTION RETURNS
BBOC
(did not serve as EB)
25 to 36 P 2,500.00
37 to 48 P 3,000.00
NO. OF BARANGAY
ELECTION
RETURNS
MAIN BBOC
SUB-
CANVASSING
UNIT
49 to 97
with one (1) Sub-
Canvassing Unit
P 4,000.00 P 2,000.00
98 to 145
with two (2) Sub-
Canvassing Unit
146 to 193
with three (3) Sub-
Canvassing Unit
194 to 241
with four (4) Sub-
Canvassing Unit

PROHIBITED RELATIONSHIP
(Sec. 541)
Any barangay and/or SK candidate
Any of the candidate’s spouse
Any member of the same BBOC/Sub-
Canvassing Unit

NOTICE OF MEETING OF THE BBOC
(Sec. 544-545)
At least five (5)
days before the
meeting of the
BBOC
Chairperson
shall give notice
of the date, time
and place of the
meeting
To all members
including Sub-
Canvassing
Unit and to
each candidate
NOTE:
Majority vote of all the members of the BBOC shall
be necessary to render a decision.

NOT ALLOWED INSIDE CANVASSING ROOM
(Sec. 546)
 Officer or member of the AFP including the PNP
 Peace officer
 Armed or unarmed person belonging to extra-legal
police agency, barangay tanod, et al.
They are not allowed to stay within a radius of fifty (50)
meters from the canvassing room
NOTE:
BBOC, by majority vote in writing, may order detail of PNP
or AFP in proper uniform to stay outside room within a
radius of 30 meters to provide protection and maintain peace
and order.

CANVASSING BY THE BBOC
(Sec. 547)
01
02
For barangays with more than one (1) EB, BBOC shall
meet at 6:00pm of election day in the voting center of
the barangay to canvass ERs of all precincts within the
barangay
If barangay has several voting centers, canvassing shall
be held in the voting center that is most accessible as
determined by the EO.

CANVASSING PROCEDURE
FOR BBOC WITH NO SUB-CANVASSING UNIT
Member-Secretary shall receive the
envelopes containing the ERs
intended for the BBOC
Record in Minutes condition and
SNs of envelopes & paper seals;
and precinct number(s) comprising
the cluster;
Chairperson shall exhibit the
envelope as received to those who
are present
Open the envelope to retrieve ERs
and proceed to canvass first all the
Barangay ERs

a) EXAMINE condition of inner paper seal of all ERs; while Member-
Secretary RECORDS in the Minutes condition and SN of said paper
seal;
b) BREAK inner seal, unfold ERs and exhibit same to the public; while
Member-Secretary records the condition and SN of the ERs;
c) If no objection to the ERs, BBOC shall proceed to CANVASS by reading
the votes of the candidate and entering the same in the Statement of
Votes (SOVs).
FOR BBOC WITH NO SUB-CANVASSING UNIT, CHAIRMAN SHALL:

IN ACCOMPLISHING THE SOVs, BBOC shall:
a) divide the three (3) copies between the Vice-Chairperson (2 copies)
and the Member-Secretary (1 copy);
b) fill up the statistical data portion; and
c) accomplish the SOVs simultaneously as the Chairperson reads the
votes.

If with no discrepancies, all BBOC
members shall affix their signatures
above their printed names
BBOC shall imprint their
thumbmarks on the certification
portion of the SOVs.
After SOVs are completed, BBOC
shall prepare the Certificate of
Canvass and Proclamation (COCP)
BBCO shall affix their signatures
and thumbmarks on the
certification portion of COCP and
officially proclaim all winning
candidates.

If there is objection to an ER,
Member-Secretary shall note
objection in Minutes and BBOC
shall proceed to canvass the ER
After canvassing an ER,
Chairperson shall write on the
upper righthand corner the word
“CANVASSED”
BBOC shall affix below it signature
and the date of canvass and return
to its envelope
When all ERs canvassed, Vice-
Chairperson & Member-Secretary
shall compare entries in their
respective copies of SOVs

If with discrepancies in the entries, refer to ERs and make necessary
corrections on the SOVs. Corrections shall be initialed by all BBOC
members and recorded in the Minutes.
In barangays with only one (1) clustered precinct, the BBOC shall
immediately accomplish in triplicate the SOVs and COCP and
proclaim the winning candidates.

FOR BBOC WITH SUB-CANVASSING UNIT
Canvass all ERs for Barangay and
SK elections following same
procedures provided for BBOC
with no sub-canvassing unit
BBOC Chairperson shall assign as
many ERs to the Sub-Canvassing
Unit
After accomplishing the SOV, Sub-
canvassing unit shall turn-over the
same to the BBOC.
BBOC shall prepare Summary
Statement of Votes using all SOVs
then prepare COCP & proclaim
winning candidates.

WHEN ELECTION RETURNS ARE DELAYED,
LOST OR DESTROYED (Sec. 548)
• obtain a copy of the missing ERs by messenger or other means from the EB
concerned
Missing ERs
• Upon prior authority of the Commission, BBOC may use any of the authentic
copies of the ERs
• Commission direct its representative to investigate the case
• Representative immediately report the matter to the Commission
Lost or Destroyed ERs
NOTE:
If BBOC has not received all ERs, BBOC may proclaim candidates elected provided that
missing ERs will no longer affect results of the elections

MATERIAL DEFECTS IN THE ERs (Sec. 549)
Some requisites in form or
data omitted in the ERs:
 The BBOC will call all
EB members concerned
to effect the correction.
In case of omission of
name of candidate and/or
his corresponding votes
 The BBOC shall require
the EB to complete the
necessary data in the
ERs and affix their
initials therein
If votes omitted not be
ascertained by other means
except recounting of ballots:
Commission shall order EB
to open ballot box
 Count votes for the
candidates whose votes
were omitted, with notice
to candidates involved
 Complete the returns

WHEN ERs APPEAR TO BE TAMPERED
WITH OR FALSIFIED (Sec. 550)
BBOC to use other copies of ERs, if necessary, copy inside ballot
box with prior authority from the Commission
Commission, after giving notice to candidates concerned, order opening of BB
to recount votes of candidates affected and prepare new return to be used
by BBOC as basis for canvass.
If other copies appear tampered also, BBOC shall bring matter to
the attention of the Commission.

DISCREPANCIES IN ELECTION
RETURNS
(Sec. 551)
Discrepancies in votes of candidate in words and figures in same returns
and difference affects the result of the elections:
1. Commission, upon motion by BBOC or any candidate affected and after due notice
to all candidates concerned, shall determine whether integrity of ballot box had
been preserved.
2. If Commission is satisfied that integrity of ballot box had been preserved – order the
opening of ballot box to recount votes & determine true result of the count of votes
of candidates concerned.
If, upon opening ballot box, there appears signs of replacement, tampering, or violation
of integrity of ballots, recount of ballots shall not be made instead seal ballot box and
order its safekeeping

6
5
4
3
2
1
MANIFEST ERROR
(Sec. 552)
There is manifest error in the tabulation or tallying of the result when:
A copy of ER was tabulated
more than once;
Mistake in copying of figure
from ERs to SOVs;
ERs from non-existent precincts
included in canvass;
Mistake in the addition of votes
of any candidate.
2 or more copies of ERs for 1
precinct were tabulated;
ERs from precinct of 1
barangay included in canvass
for another barangay;

MANIFEST ERROR
(Sec. 552)
NOTE:
If manifest error is clearly shown before
proclamation, BBOC may correct errors committed:
 motu proprio, or upon verified petition by any candidate
 after due notice and hearing

By promulgating an order in writing for the correction of the manifest error.
Correction is effected in the SOV/COCP by crossing out erroneous entries to
be initialed by BBOC members and entering the correct figures/entries.
The correction shall be recorded in the Minutes
If manifest error discovered BEFORE PROCLAMATION, BBOC
shall correct the manifest error:
a.
If manifest errors discovered AFTER PROCLAMATION:
The same shall be filed by the board or any aggrieved party with the
Commission
b.
MANIFEST ERROR
(Sec. 552)

Manifest Error
(Sec. 552)
NOTE:
Any candidate aggrieved by the order to correct manifest error may
appeal to the Commission within 24 hours from promulgation.
Once an appeal is made, the BBOC shall not proclaim the winning
candidate, unless the votes are not affected by the appeal.

Questions Affecting the Election Returns;
Finality of Decision (Sec. 553)
Shall be final
and
immediately
executory
Decision
reduced in
writing, forms
part of
Minutes
Questions
immediately
decided by
majority vote
of all BBOC
members
All questions
affecting ERs
shall be raised
during the
canvass
NOTE:
After all questions on ERs are resolved, BBOC to proceed with proclamation of
winning candidates

ELECTIONS RESULTING IN A TIE
(Sec. 554)
1
 Record in Minutes
 Issue Resolution
 Notify candidates concerned
 Hold special public meeting for drawing of
lots
 Issue certificate and proclaim as elected
candidates favored by luck
Where two (2) or more candidates received equal and highest
number of votes, the BBOC shall:
NOTE:
If, more than 2 candidates tied for first place, number of rolled
paper drawn by each shall decide their ranking. Same
procedure to apply among second placers and so on.

Certificate of Canvass and Proclamation (COCP) and
Proclamation of Winning Candidates (Sec. 555-556)
COCP
BBOC shall prepare COCP in
quadruplicate duly signed and thumb
marked by all members.
Copy of SOV shall be attached to each
copy of COCP except for copy of
winning candidates
Subject to reasonable exceptions, BBOC
shall complete canvass within 24 hours
from time first ER is canvassed.
COCP
COCP
COCP
Copies of the COCP shall be distributed
as follows:
Original Copy –
Election Officer
2nd Copy – Winning
candidate for Punong
Barangay or SK
Chairperson
3rd Copy - Secretary of
the Sangguniang
Bayan/Panglungsod
4th Copy -
Secretary of the
Sangguniang
Barangay
Original Copy Election Officer
2nd Copy
Winning candidate for Punong
Barangay or SK Chairperson
3rd Copy
Secretary of the Sangguniang
Bayan/Panglungsod
4th Copy
Secretary of the Sangguniang
Barangay

SAFEKEEPING OF CANVASSED ERs
(Sec. 557)
The BBOC shall:
 Return ERs in proper envelopes
 Place envelopes in envelope for canvassed ERs
 Close and seal envelope with a paper seal
 Serial number of paper seal noted in Minutes
 All BBOC members shall affix signatures on paper
seal
 Deliver envelope containing canvassed ERs to
City/Municipal Treasurer

CONTINGENCY MEASURES
(Sec. 559)
I. Late Arrival of Official Ballots, Accountable Election Forms and Other
Election Paraphernalia
The EO, City/Municipal Treasurer and the EB, shall:
a. Assess time of arrival of ballots, accountable election forms and other election
paraphernalia at concerned polling place, based on information from
Administrative Services Department (ASD)/ Packing and Shipping Committee
(PSC).
b. If ballots will arrive before 12:00PM on day of election, voting shall immediately
start and continue up to five o’clock in the afternoon.

NOTE:
Voting, counting and canvassing shall continue in the clustered precincts not affected.
BBOC may proclaim winning candidates whose election is not affected by number of
votes to be cast in the clustered precincts where elections was rescheduled.
The EO, City/Municipal Treasurer and the EB, shall:
a. If, ballots/other election forms/paraphernalia will arrive after 12:00PM on day of
election, elections shall be reset to the following day, or on the day after.
(Sec. 559)

If number of votes to be cast in the clustered precinct where elections was
rescheduled, will affect the result of the elections:
 BBOC shall suspend proceedings and reconvene at six o’clock in the evening of
the day after election day or on other dates as may fixed by law or the
Commission.
NOTE:
EO shall announce and post notice of date of resetting of elections in the clustered
precinct/s affected not later than six o'clock in the evening of election day.
(Sec. 559)

II. Shortage, Non-Availability or Missing Pages of Accountable and Non-
Accountable Election Forms and Supplies
A. Accountable Forms and Official Ballots
i. Official Ballots
If reported before Election day If reported on Election day
Allocation Committee shall determine the
necessity of printing ballots
Provision of Sec. 182 (Emergency Ballots) of BP 881 will
apply
If necessary, Committee will determine
quantity requirements for printing
City/Municipal Treasurer provide other ballots similar to official
ones and uniform within each polling place
If printing is not necessary, instruct City/
Municipal Treasurer and the EO on manner of
re-allocating ballots
Political parties, candidates and organizations authorized to
designate watchers notified to send representatives and agree
in writing to use of emergency ballots
The EO shall report the shortage or non-availability to the Allocation Committee:
(Sec. 559)

i. Official Ballots
NOTE:
Authority from Commission En Banc is required in printing of emergency ballots.
If shortage is insignificant, EB members shall obtain needed ballots from nearest
polling place/s. The source and recipient EBs shall record in Minutes of Voting
number of official ballots obtained.
(Sec. 559)

ii. Election Returns/Tally Boards
Electoral Board shall:
1. Improvise ERs or Tally Boards and proceed with counting of votes
2. After counting, sign improvised ERs or Tally Boards and imprint thumbmarks
3. Distribute copies of improvised ERs or Tally Boards in accordance with Sec. 59 of
Resolution No. 10602
4. Enter in Minutes that ERs or Tally Boards are not available and EB and watchers
decided to use improvised ERs or Tally Boards
5. Place all forms used inside corresponding envelopes and deposit inside ballot box
(Sec. 559)

ii. Election Returns/Tally Boards
Missing pages/copies of Election Returns
1. EB shall take measures to reproduce/photocopy missing page/s/copies.
2. Ensure that copy intended for BBOC is complete by obtaining missing page/s/ copies
from other copies of ERs with no missing pages.
3. Photocopies of election returns shall be certified by EB and watchers.
(Sec. 559)

iii. Statement of Votes by Precinct (SOVP)
The BBOC shall:
1. Improvise SOVP and proceed with the canvass of ERs;
2. After canvass, sign improvised SOVP and imprint their thumbmarks;
3. Distribute copies of improvised SOVP in accordance with Sec. 53 of Resolution No.
10602;
4. Enter in Minutes that SOVP is not available and that BBOC together with watchers
decided to use improvised SOVP; and
5. Place all forms used inside corresponding envelopes and deposit inside ballot box;
(Sec. 559)

iii. Statement of Votes by Precinct (SOVP)
Missing pages/copies of the Statement of Votes by Precinct
1. The BBOC shall take measures to reproduce/photocopy the SOVPS.
2. All such photocopies shall be certified to by the BBOC.
(Sec. 559)

B. Non-Accountable Forms
Lost/damaged in transit, shortage or non- availability of Minutes of Voting and Counting
and other non- accountable forms.
The EB shall:
1. Reproduce/photocopy the non-accountable forms upon approval of the EO.
2. All such photocopies shall be certified to by the EB and watchers.
(Sec. 559)

NOTE:
In the Metro Manila Area and whenever possible, all lacking or missing
pages of all accountable forms shall be replaced.
Outside Metro Manila, all non-accountable forms and supplies may be
reproduced/photocopied upon prior approval of the EO.
(Sec. 559)

III. Official ballots bearing the same serial numbers
The Chairperson of the EB:
1. Add one Arabic numeral after the last digit of the serial number, starting with number 1,
then 2, and so on and affix initial thereon.
2. Record opposite the name of the voters in the EDCVL Barangay/EDCVL-SK, the new SNs.
3. The fact that the ballots have the same SN and the new SNs shall be recorded in the
minutes.
NOTE:
EB members to issue first ballots with complete and regular SNs. Except those marked as defective
ballots, EB members shall issue ballots with same SNs to voters if there are none available ballots
with complete and regular SN in polling place concerned.
(Sec. 559)

III. Either upper or lower serial number of the official ballot is missing.
The Poll Clerk shall:
1. Take note in the Minutes the missing SN in the ballot either in the upper or
lower potion, indicating whether it is located in the upper or lower portion
2. Record opposite the name of the voter in the EDCVL-Barangay/EDCVL-SK the
available SN.
The Chairman shall:
1. Copy the available SN in the portion of the ballot where it does not appear and
affix signature therein
2. Issue the ballot to the voter.
(Sec. 559)

III. Both upper and lower serial numbers of official ballot are missing
1. Record the fact in the Minutes
The Chairman shall:
1. Mark the ballot as "defective ballot"; and
2. Place the same inside the envelope intended for spoiled ballots.
(Sec. 559)

III. Serial number of the official ballot is unreadable or hard to ascertain
1. Check SN of ballot preceding ballot with blurred SN and follow the sequence of SNs;
2. Enter in Minutes the ascertained SN; and
3. Record opposite name of the voter in the EDCVL-Barangay/EDCVL-SK.
The Chairman shall:
1. Issue the ballot to the voter.
NOTE:
If SN of ballot is totally unreadable, Poll Clerk shall record same in Minutes while Chairperson
shall mark the ballot as "defective ballot" and then place ballot inside envelope for spoiled
ballots.
(Sec. 559)

Chapter XXI
Election Related
Incidents and
Catastrophe

The following shall be observed in case:
(Sec. 560)
I. There is sabotage, explosion, equipment robbery and other similar
circumstances.
The EB shall:
1. If required to leave precinct, report this to EO and immediately secure all
equipment, election forms and supplies
2. Inform all representatives, and watchers present of the transfer or suspension
of voting, then proceed to a safer place.
3. If peace and order is restored, conduct inventory of all equipment, forms and
election supplies.
4. If there are missing item/s, report to EO and local PNP for documentation
and investigation.
5. The EB shall record this in their Minutes.

The following shall be observed in case:
(Sec. 560)
II. There is a CATASTROPHE like fire, flood, earthquake and others,
or by reason of emergency or health/ IATF rules and regulations
in the locality
The EB shall:
1. If required to leave precinct, report this to EO and immediately secure all
equipment, election forms and supplies
2. Inform all representatives, and watchers present of the transfer or suspension
of voting, then proceed to a safer place.
3. This incident shall be recorded in the Minutes.

Election Canvassing Process in the Phils

Election Canvassing Process in the Phils

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