filipino philosophers

1. FILIPINO PHILOSOPHY
OF EDUCATION AND
INDIGENOUS WISDOM
ETHELYN M. ALVAREZ
Discussant

2. INTRODUCTION
The philosophy in life may be
defined as the study and pursuit
of facts, which deal with the
ultimate reality, or causes of
things as they affect life

3. INTRODUCTION
The educational system of the
Philippines had been patterned after
the educational system of the
United States
Filipino philosophy of education
has been shaped by the colonizers

4. According to Dr. Antonio S.
Isidro, the Philippines did not
only import the external form of
the American public school
system but also the content of
educational philosophy

5. Benjamin Franklin’s Educational Philosophy
emphasizes the teaching of basic skills
and information
 Purpose of the Philosophy
1. train the intellect
2. teach skills
3. instill a sense of pride in and
respect for self, others, and country

6.  Purpose of the philosophy
4. equip students with necessary skills to
become decision-makers and problem-solvers
5. prepare the students for the world outside
6. develop an atmosphere of tolerance and
acceptance of all students regardless of
physical appearance and culture
7. coordinate home an school effort for solid
education for students

7. The Educational Theory of
Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826)
 believed that in order for a society
to be self-governed, it had to be
educated and free-thinking
 embraced education as the
equalizer for all children

8. The Philosophy of Johann Heinrich
Pestalozzi (1746-1827)
 believed that education should
develop the powers of ‘Head’,
‘Heart’, and ‘Hands’

9. The Educational Philosophy of
Friedrich Wihelm (1782-1852)
believed that developing harmony with the
world and with God is the way to achieve
fulfillment in life
 emphasizes that practical work and direct
use of materials should be given importance
in the early education of children

10. Horace Mann’s Educational Philosophy
 advocated for “common schools,”
institutions that would be available to
everyone, regardless of their ability to
pay tuition
 Believed that public schooling was
central to good citizenship, democratic
participation and societal

11. Educational Philosophy of Herbert Spencer
 raised the question “What Knowledge
is of most Worth?” and answered with
one word “Science.”
 He concluded that “for discipline, as
well as for guidance, science is of
chiefest value

12. Charles Darwin’s Philosophy (1809-1882)
 propose that life – including human
life – developed, and could be
explained solely by mechanistic forces,
primarily natural and sexual selection

13. John Dewey’s Philosophy (1859-1952)
 believed that human beings learn
through a ‘hands-on’ approach
 According to Dewey the aim of
education is the development of a
child’s powers and abilities

14. The Philosophy of our country
would be strange and indefinable if
we do not delve into the past tied up
with the remarkable life experiences
of the representative personalities of
our nation.

15. THE EDUCATIONAL
PHILOSOPHY OF
FILIPINO EDUCATORS

16. JOSE RIZAL
believes in the importance of education
with its mission to elevate the country to
the highest seat of glory and to develop the
people’s mentality
 the three phases of life – (1) Moral, (2)
Intellectual, and (3) Physical

17. Jose Rizal’s Educational
Philosophy
“The School is the book in which is
written the future of the nations.
Shows us the schools of a people and
we will tell you what those people are”

18. Dr. CAMILO OSIAS
 Education secure the fullest measure
of freedom, efficiency, and happiness
“Our education should instill love for
work, spirit of tolerance, respect for
law, love for peace and practice of
thrift.”

19. RAFAEL PALMA
 Advocated “academic freedom”
“Education must produce individuals
who are both useful to themselves
and to society.”

20. JORGE BOCOBO
 Filipino culture and tradition should be
the bases of education
“To my humble way of thinking
education (college)has for its supreme
and overshadowing aim the formulation
of a sound and noble outlook of life.”

21. APOLINARIO MABINI
 Poverty is not an impediment to
acquire an education
Sublime paralytic

22. Apolinario Mabini’s Educational
Philosophy
“Thou shalt cultivate the special gifts
which had been granted thee, working
and studying according to thy ability,
never leaving the path of righteousness
and justice in order to attain thin own
perfection.”

23. Trinidad Hermenegildo Pardo de
Tavera’s Educational Philosophy
“Our education should instill love for
work, spirit of tolerance, respect for
law, love for peace and practice of
thrift.”

24. FRANCISCO BENITEZ
 qualities to distinguish the educated
Filipinos –
1. power to do
2. Knowledge of the past and current events
3. Possession of the elements of conduct
that area the accomplishment of culture
and morality

25. Francisco Benitez’s Educational Philosophy
“The function of our school is neither to
fit the individual for the past which is
dead and gone, nor to prepare him for a
remote future which is problematic,
rather it is to train the individual so that
he will be a member of the world as it is.”

26. Dr. Lourdes Quisumbing Educational
Philosophy
“Believes that education must strengthen
the dignity of the learner as a human
person, As such, the various dimensions of
man’s personhood has to be fully developed
by the school system through an effective
and systematized values education.”

27. VENANCIO TRINIDAD’s Educational
Philosophy
“Education should aim to develop men
and women who are deeply concerned in
the development and uplift of our
communities, particularly in the rural
areas, as in the promotion of their own
personal or individual well-being.”

28. Manuel L. Quezon’s Educational Philosophy
“Show me people composed of vigorous, sturdy
individuals, men and women healthy in mind and
body, courteous, industrious, self-reliant,
purposeful in thought as well in action, imbued
with sound patriotism and profound sense of
righteousness, with high social ideals and strong
moral fiber and …

29. MANUEL L. QUEZON’s EducationalPhilosophy
(continuation)
I will show you a great nation, a nation that
will not submerged, a nation that will emerge
victorious from the trials and bitter strife of a
distracted world, a nation that will live forever,
sharing the common task of advancing the
welfare and promoting the happiness of
mankind.”

30. Filipino Philosophy of Education as found
in the Philippine Constitution
“Per the Constitution, Education is framed
mainly as a means for producing future
generations of ilustrados, as it stipulates that
education in the Philippines must deploy
science and technology, arts, culture and
sports to foster patriotism and nationalism,
accelerate social progress, and promote total
human.”

31. Filipino Indigenous Philosophy and
Worldview
 three (3) different approaches of
Filipino Philosophy according to
Gripaldo (2014):
1. Traditional Approach
2. Nationality Approach
3. Cultural Approach

32. Traditional Approach
 rooted in the Latin word “tradere”,
which means to hand over
 used in the discipline of philosophy,
which may likewise be called the
Philosophical Approach to Philosophy

33. Cultural Approach
 Weltanschauung (worldview)
 also known as Anthropological
Approach to Philosophy
 addresses the people’s philosophical
perspectives and views on socio-
linguistic, cultural, and folk concepts

34. Nationality Approach
 the reference of the Philosophy is
the nationality of the author or the
writer
 deals with writings of Filipinos in
general, whether it be on a Western or
Eastern topic

35. The Philippine Indigenous Philosophy and
worldviews are classified under the cultural
approach and can be divided into the following
categories
a. Filipino grassroots or folk philosophy
b. Folk philosophy appropriation
c. Interpretation of Filipino identity and worldview
d. Local cultural values and ethics research
e. Implications and presuppositions of Filipino
worldviews

36. INDIGENOUS WISDOM
 Listening and thinking about stories
is the first foundation of the
indigenous system of education
 Story is sacred to Indigenous
peoples
Live a good life with a proper
relationship to all things