1. Guy AlLee
Research Scientist &Technology Strategist, Intel
Direct-Current Evangelist &
Chair EMergeAlliance Campus/Building DC
MicrogridTechnical SpecCommittee
because DC isWHEN, not IF
EDISON WAS RIGHT!
BY THE NUMBERS, DC MICROGRIDS
FOR SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS SOONER
July 24, 2014

2. 1
Reason
20th Century
Engr. Achievement
Elephants
Harmed
Chairs
Invented
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 2

3. 2
The Power on the
HVDC Path 69
fromThe Dalles to
Los Angeles
2GW
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 3

4. 1888
War of
Currents
Courtesy of Nextek Power Systems
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 4

5. 3
Inventions
Wasteful Conversions
Pole Transformer CCA-SA 3.0 Wikipedia User: Glogger
678V
̵ 678V
12V
540V
294V
380V
- 294V
̵190V
190V
480 3Φ UPS PDU PFC Load
380V
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 5

6. 125
Years ofTradition
Unchanged by
Progress
Gadzooks!
Eh… So? …
Electric Transmission CCA-SA 3.0 Patryk Korzeniecki
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 6

7. 1948
Semiconductors appear
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 7

8. 80%
New things with
power
semiconductors
New things that
are natively DC
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 8

9. 3300
1200
Insulated Gate
BipolarTransistor
(IGBT)
MVdc Distribution IGBT CCA-SA 3.0 http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:ArséniureDeGallium
3300 V
1200 A
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 9

10. $39
Reddy Killowatt’s
NetWorth
$39T
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 10

11. 0.33%
R&D – Electric Utilities
It looks like you are
trying to pay for a
Smart-Grid.
Would you like help?
• Moving the Grid
to Direct-Current
• Just let me do
another rate hike
as usual without
help
• Don’t show me
this tip again
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 11

12. 5%
R&D – Cutthroat,
Commodity
Manufacturers
e.g., Paper Clips
It looks like you are
trying to pay for a
Smart-Grid.
Would you like help?
• Moving the Grid
to Direct-Current
• Just let me do
another rate hike
as usual without
help
• Don’t show me
this tip again
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 12

13. 10kW
Conductor Area
 48Vdc @ 208A – 2x4/0
 208Vac @ 31A – 3x8
 415Vac @ 12A – 4x12
 380Vdc @ 26A – 2x10
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 13

14. 100+
EMergeAlliance Members
Standardizing
DC microgrids
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 14

15. 24
Startle Hazard voltage
EMerge standard voltage
Ceiling rails and furniture
Touch-safe, Startle-tolerant
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 15

16. 5-30
The standard DC voltage
available from USB 3.0.
The defacto DC outlet.
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 16

17. 13
Watts saved at a
DC workstation
100 fewerVA
400 MWh per
year at an Intel
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 17

18. 380
ETSI StandardVoltage
for DC Data Centers
EMerge target voltage
for commercial building
distribution backbone
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 18

19. 8%
Energy Savings in DC
Data Centers
1000% More Reliability
39% Less Lifetime Cost
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 19

20. 7
Parts not needed
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 20

21. 12%
Zero Net Energy Building
 DC efficiency gain
 Capital cost savings
11.7
kW
11.1
kW
10
kW
10.5
kW
10 kW10.3
kW
AC
DC July 24, 2014G. AlLee 21

22. 19-40%
DoubleWhammy that
accelerates Zero Net
Energy Building crossover
 10-30% dc load reduction
 10-15% dc loss reduction
 PNC branch 50% less
energy & LEED Platinum
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 22
Net Zero
Energy
On-site Electricity
Demand
Distributed Renewable
Energy
DC AC

23. 2114
100 years from now, we’ll
look back and chuckle
that we ever used AC.
EdisonWas Right!
July 24, 2014G. AlLee 23