ECO-111: MACROECONOMICS WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT 4 QUESTIONS 1. What is the difference between foreign direct investment and portfolio investment? (13 points) 2. What is the purchasing power parity exchange rate? (13 points) 3. If a country’s currency is expected to appreciate in value, what is the impact of expected exchange rates on the interest rate paid on government bonds? (12 points) 4. Would each of the following groups be happy or unhappy if the U.S. dollar appreciated? Explain. A. Dutch pension funds holding U.S. government bonds (2 points) B. U.S. manufacturing industries (2 points) C. Australian tourists planning a trip to the United States (2 points) D. An American firm trying to purchase property overseas (2 points) 5. In 2010, a British pound cost $1.56 in U.S. dollars. In 2020, a British pound costs $1.66 in U.S. dollars. A. In 2010 was the pound weaker or stronger than the U.S. dollar? (2 points) B. Between 2010 and 2020, did the U.S. dollar appreciate or depreciate versus the pound? (2 points) C. Calculate the cost of a U.S. dollar in terms of British pounds in 2020. (2 points) 6. Define the concepts of budget deficit and national debt, and explain how they differ from one another. (12 points) 7. The economist Arthur Laffer pointed out that, in some cases, income tax revenue can actually go up when tax rates go down. Explain how this could be true. (12 points) 8. Is it possible for a nation to run budget deficits and still have its debt/GDP ratio fall? Is it possible for a nation to run budget surpluses and still have its debt/GDP ratio fall? Explain. (12 points) 9. Specify whether expansionary or contractionary fiscal policy would seem to be most appropriate in response to each of the situations below. A. A recession (2 points) B. A stock market collapse that hurts consumers and business confidence (2 points) C. Extremely rapid growth of exports (2 points) D. Rising inflation (2 points) E. The economy is at its natural rate of unemployment/potential GDP/LRAS. The government decides to enact a massive increase of expenditure. (2 points) F. A rise in oil prices (2 points) This work, “Written Assignment 4 Questions,” is a derivative of Principles of Macroeconomics 2e by Steven A. Greenlaw and David Shapiro, OpenStax, used under CC BY 4.0. “Written Assignment 4 Questions” is licensed under CC BY 4.0 by Thomas Edison State University. Peterson ENGL 235 Final Report Assignment 1 Purpose: This report will be your final assignment for the class. The weekly class assignments are designed to prepare you to successfully create this document. In that way, this assignment asks you to synthesize all of your learning and demonstrate your mastery of the following course learning outcomes:  Locate, evaluate, and integrate credible research into a written document for a specific purpose and work-world audience;  Apply appropriate formatting and visual aids for a specific purpose and work-world audience; ...

1. ECO-111: MACROECONOMICS
WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT 4 QUESTIONS
1. What is the difference between foreign direct investment and
portfolio investment? (13 points)
2. What is the purchasing power parity exchange rate? (13
points)
3. If a country’s currency is expected to appreciate in value,
what is the impact of expected exchange rates on the interest
rate paid on government bonds? (12 points)
4. Would each of the following groups be happy or unhappy if
the U.S. dollar appreciated? Explain.
A. Dutch pension funds holding U.S. government bonds (2
points)
B. U.S. manufacturing industries (2 points)
C. Australian tourists planning a trip to the United States (2
points)
D. An American firm trying to purchase property overseas (2
points)
5. In 2010, a British pound cost $1.56 in U.S. dollars. In 2020, a
British pound costs $1.66 in U.S. dollars.
A. In 2010 was the pound weaker or stronger than the U.S.
dollar? (2 points)
B. Between 2010 and 2020, did the U.S. dollar appreciate or
depreciate versus the pound? (2 points)
C. Calculate the cost of a U.S. dollar in terms of British pounds
in 2020. (2 points)

2. 6. Define the concepts of budget deficit and national debt, and
explain how they differ from one another. (12 points)
7. The economist Arthur Laffer pointed out that, in some cases,
income tax revenue can actually go up when tax rates go down.
Explain how this could be true. (12 points)
8. Is it possible for a nation to run budget deficits and still have
its debt/GDP ratio fall? Is it possible for a nation to run budget
surpluses and still have its debt/GDP ratio fall? Explain. (12
points)
9. Specify whether expansionary or contractionary fiscal policy
would seem to be most appropriate in response to each of the
situations below.
A. A recession (2 points)
B. A stock market collapse that hurts consumers and business
confidence (2 points)
C. Extremely rapid growth of exports (2 points)
D. Rising inflation (2 points)
E. The economy is at its natural rate of unemployment/potential
GDP/LRAS. The government decides to enact a massive
increase of expenditure. (2 points)
F. A rise in oil prices (2 points)
This work, “Written Assignment 4 Questions,” is a derivative of
Principles of Macroeconomics 2e by Steven A. Greenlaw and
David Shapiro, OpenStax, used under CC BY 4.0. “Written
Assignment 4 Questions” is licensed under CC BY 4.0 by
Thomas Edison State University.
Peterson
ENGL 235

3. Final Report Assignment
1
Purpose: This report will be your final assignment for the class.
The weekly class
assignments are designed to prepare you to successfully create
this document. In
that way, this assignment asks you to synthesize all of your
learning and
demonstrate your mastery of the following course learning
outcomes:
uate, and integrate credible research into a
written document for
a specific purpose and work-world audience;
purpose and
work-world audience; and
o write an ethical
document with a specific
purpose and work-world audience.
It will also prepare you to meet the following general education
program learning
outcomes:
ous audiences using a variety of

4. methods.
Scenario: As a new employee at Initech, you’ve been given a
task: conduct a
feasibility study for the company’s venture capital department
on an emerging
technical process or product of your choosing. You need only
choose one topic
(either a product or a process). Here are just a few examples
you might consider:
Process
3-D printing
Wave or wind energy
Natural gas fracking
Private space travel
Virtual reality gaming
Product
Driverless vehicles
Hoverboards
Hydrogen fuel cells
Smart homes
The latest social media, gadget,
application, or technology craze

5. The choice is up to you, but you the information you present
should be technical in
nature. In other words, if you were to pick your favorite smart
phone game, you
should be prepared to focus on how it’s programmed, how the
makers earn money,
how many users subscribe, what their spending habits are, etc.,
rather than “It’s so
cool because you get to kill zombies with plants!”
Once you have a process or product in mind, the question this
study should address
is:
“Is [your process or product] a viable investment for Initech?”
Peterson
ENGL 235
Final Report Assignment
2
In other words, “If we invest in [your process or product], will
we see financial gain
as a result?”
Do not worry about any of the logistics of the actual investment

6. itself. You aren’t
expected to research stock offerings or investment contracts.
Instead, make sure
that your report addresses the following topics and related
questions:
History: How, when, where, and why did this develop?
Explanation: How—precisely and specifically—does this work?
Impact: What effects does this process or product have on 1) the
environment, 2)
the economy, and/or 3) society as a whole?
Future: What is the development trend of this process or
product? Is it popular?
Does it (or things like it) make money? Based on its past
development and its
current use/popularity, is this likely to become more widespread
in the future?
Recommendation: Given all your answers to these questions,
would this be a good
choice for Initech to invest in?
Essentially, you are conducting a research project that asks the
following questions:
“What does the future of [my process or product] look like?
Will it be more
widely used? Will it be replaced soon? If so, by what?”
A related question to address here might be “Should [my

7. process or product] be
more widely used? Is it environmentally hazardous or otherwise
flawed? If so, are
those flaws serious enough that a company should not invest in
it?”
For this reason, you should pick something that is relatively
new, or even untested
in its development. Don’t worry about accurately predicting the
future. You should
instead make a clear recommendation based on what your
credible research is
telling you at this moment in time.
Instructions: Once you have chosen a process or product, you
will conduct research
and write a formal feasibility analysis report.
The goal of your report is to 1) investigate the above questions
(and others, as
appropriate), 2) gather credible and scholarly research, and then
3) present a
convincing recommendation to a specific audience.
Requirements: Your final report must meet all of the following
criteria:
Length: The text of your report from Introduction to
Recommendation must be at least 5

8. single-spaced pages in length NOT including your front matter,
Works Cited/References
pages, visuals, or any appendices (see below). This should be at
least 3,000 words.
Research: You should include at least 5 credible sources.
Peterson
ENGL 235
Final Report Assignment
3
Visuals: The report should include at least four visuals. At least
two of these must be
original visuals of your own making, generated by you yourself.
The rest must be
charts, tables, or graphs that you generate originally. These
should include an
MLA/APA/IEEE formatted captions and should work with your
content to help explain your
findings.
Format: Use 12 pt. font in single-spaced, left-justified
paragraphs. Do not TAB to

9. start your new paragraphs. Your entire report should have a
running header, with
lower-case Roman numeral page numbers (i, ii, iii) for the front
matter (except the
title page) and starting with Arabic numeral 1 when you being
your Introduction.
See the provided course models for guidance.
Also, be sure to skip lines between sections and headings. Use
bold face for headings
and italics for subheadings. Make use of bold headings, white
space, and varied font
sizes/colors to make your document as readable as possible.
Report Outline: Your report should follow the outline below,
but take out the
outline formatting (I. II. A. B., etc.) for the report. Your report
must have each of
these 8 parts from the outline. Each one should constitute a new
page in your
report (start a new page for each section).
I. Title page
II. Letter of Transmittal Please direct this to me, your
instructor. Your letter of
transmittal should be 1-2 pages in length and should include the
following elements
(do not number them, though):
1. A reflection on your process in writing the report—how did

10. the project go for
your overall?
2. A reflection on what you learned regarding each of the four
course
learning outcomes. You should note what specifically you have
learned that
has prepared you to master these outcomes. (Ex: “I have learned
to create my
own graphs and charts in Excel to support my written text. As
well, I now
know how to set these off with appropriate amount of white
space and to
include a properly-formatted caption. I feel that these skills
show that I’m
able to ‘Apply appropriate formatting and visual aids for a
specific purpose
and work-world audience.’”) The course learning outcomes you
should
discuss are:
a. Locate, evaluate, and integrate credible research into a
written
document for a specific purpose and work-world audience;
b. Apply appropriate formatting and visual aids for a specific
purpose
and work-world audience;
c. Edit for accuracy, brevity, clarity, to write an ethical
document with a
specific purpose and work-world audience;
Peterson

11. ENGL 235
Final Report Assignment
4
d. Contribute successfully to a group in the creation of work-
world
documents.
3. A reflection on how you see these skills (or the class in
general) translating to
your future work or study. What will you take with you to use
in the future?
4. A brief conclusion.
III. Table of Contents
IV. Informative Abstract/Executive Summary
V. Introduction This will include your answers to the “History”
questions on page 2.
A thorough introduction should include (not necessarily in this
order):
A. Description, History, and Background of your process or
product
B. Purpose of the Report (clear statement of your research
question) and

12. Intended Audience(s)
C. Method of Inquiry
D. Limitations of this Study (such as time or money)
E. Working Definitions (if needed, here or in an appendix
glossary)
VI. Collected Data This will include your answers to the
“Explanation” and “Impact”
questions on page 2. Divide and subdivide the report into
appropriate, manageable
sections. The Data section should include (in the order you best
see fit):
A. First Topic for Investigation
1. Definition
2. Findings
3. Interpretation of findings
B. Second Topic for Investigation
1. First subtopic
a. Definition
b. Findings
c. Interpretation of findings
2. Second subtopic (and so on)
VII. Conclusion A thorough conclusion should include (again,
not necessarily in this
order):

13. A. Summary of Findings
B. Overall Interpretation of Findings
C. Recommendations: Is this process or product likely to grow
in future?
Should Initech invest in it?
Peterson
ENGL 235
Final Report Assignment
5
VIII. MLA Works Cited page or APA/IEEE References page
The style of citation
you use (MLA, APA, or IEEE) is up to you. MLA is used
primarily for humanities
writing, while APA is used with scientific writing. IEEE is used
for engineering.
Whichever you choose, be sure to consistently follow the
formatting guidelines with
respect to:
1. The general format of the paper (including the running
header)
2. The use of in-text reference notes

14. 3. The final Works Cited/References page
Please scroll down for a summative checklist and a rubric that
describes how your
report will be graded.
Peterson
ENGL 235
Final Report Assignment
6
Final Report Checklist
Requirements:
-spaced pages in length from Introduction to
Recommendation
Format:

15. -spacing within paragraphs
-spacing between sections and headings
-justified paragraphs – NO TABS
-case Roman numerals (i, ii, iii) for the front matter
(except the title page)
gs, white space, and varied font sizes/colors
Report Content:
each section):

16. Peterson
ENGL 235
Final Report Assignment Rubric
7
Outcome Exceeds Mastery Meets Mastery Near Mastery Well
Below Mastery
Locate,
evaluate, and
integrate
credible
research into a
written
document for a
specific
purpose and
work-world

17. audience.
topic using relevant, credible, and
richly varied sources
synthesizes relevant source support
through effective interpretation and
analysis
balance of analysis, summary,
paraphrase, and quotation
to varying claims
stently introduces source
material with varied and effective
signal phrasing
avoids plagiarism through correct and
precise paraphrasing, use of quotation

18. marks, in-text citations and an MLA
Works Cited, APA, or IEEE
References page
the topic using fairly relevant,
credible, and varied sources
source support through
interpretation and analysis
opriate balance
of analysis, summary, paraphrase,
and quotation
direct quotation
some response
with signal phrasing

19. giarism through
competent paraphrasing and use of
quotation marks, and mostly correct
in-text citations and an MLA Works
Cited, APA, or IEEE References
page
development of the topic, but may
not be entirely relevant, credible, or
varied
analysis of source material, but may
fail to effectively synthesize source
material
summary, paraphrase, and quotation
where
paraphrase or summary would be

20. more appropriate
respond to varying claims
provides minimal framing of source
material
errors in the use of quotation marks,
and/or errors in the in-text citations
or an MLA Works Cited, APA, or
IEEE References page
development of the topic, perhaps
because of too few relevant, credible,
or varied sources
into report’s recommendation(s) and

21. lacks interpretation and analysis of
source material
paraphrase, and quotation
exclusion of paraphrase and summary
paraphrasing and/or significant errors
in the use of quotation marks
-
text citations and/or an MLA Works
Cited, APA, or IEEE References
page, or lacks one or both of these
sources because of the above

22. weaknesses
Apply
appropriate
formatting and
visual aids for
a specific
purpose and
work-world
audience.
standards for page layout
reader understanding
APA, or IEEE formatted captions
standards for page layout correctly

23. with few mistakes
design (too crowded, ineffective
spacing, etc.)
with few errors in following MLA,
APA, or IEEE formatting models
e clearly linked to the
text
IEEE standards for page layout
design (too crowded, ineffective
spacing, etc.)
but do not follow MLA, APA, or
IEEE formatting models

24. text
APA, or IEEE standards for page
layout
(too crowded, ineffective spacing,
etc.)
uals are not accompanied by
captions
correspond to the text
Peterson
ENGL 235
Final Report Assignment Rubric
8

25. Outcome Exceeds Mastery Meets Mastery Near Mastery Well
Below Mastery
Edit for
accuracy,
brevity, clarity,
to write an
ethical
document with
a specific
purpose and
work-world
audience.
sentences meet factual, active,
clear, concise, and specific standards

26. based on the topic
entences
and transitions within and between
paragraphs
and an appropriate use of tense
grammar, or punctuation
occasionally repeat certain structures
and lengths
though there may some misuse,

27. ineffective repetition, and/or a
minimal use of slang/cliché
active, clear, concise, or specific
standards
of ideas based on the topic
paragraphs
subheadings
has basic transitions within and
between paragraphs
breaks
do not significantly interfere with

28. meaning
of view and an appropriate use of
tense
syntax, grammar, and punctuation,
but not enough to significantly
interfere with meaning
repetition, and/or slang/cliché
factual, active, clear, concise, or
specific standards
progression of ideas based on the

29. topic
paragraphs
transitions within and between
paragraphs
ew logical paragraph breaks
occasionally interfere with meaning
of view and/or appropriate use of
tense
grammar, and punctuation
ails to meet the assignment’s
purpose

30. audience
repetition, and/or slang/cliché
active, clear, concise, or specific
standards
of ideas based on the topic
transitions within and between
paragraphs
ph breaks
consistently interfere with meaning

31. point of view and/or appropriate use
of tense
grammar, and punctuation