Macroeconomists study aggregate economic issues such as GDP, unemployment, inflation, and the overall performance of the economy. The annual inflation rate measures the annual percentage change in the overall price level. Real GDP growth is the percentage change in real GDP from one period to the next. When demand increases in a market, equilibrium price rises and quantity increases; when supply increases, price falls and quantity rises. Exogenous variables are external factors taken as given by economic models, while endogenous variables are internal factors determined within the model. Both flexible and sticky prices are important in macroeconomic models, as some argue prices adjust quickly to changes while others view some prices as adjusting slowly.

1. ECO 302 Week 2 Quiz – Strayer NEW
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Chapter 1
TRUE/FALSE
1. Macroeconomists study the amount of employment and
unemployment.
2. Macroeconomists study the price of individual products like beer.
3. When the gross domestic product is growing, it is called inflation.
4. A recession is when GDP is falling toward a trough.
5. If price is below equilibrium in a market, then quantity supplied will be
less than quantity demanded.
6. The annual inflation rate measures the annual percentage growth in the
overall price level.
7. The annual inflation rate measures the growth in the prices of oil and
food only.
8. Endogenous variables in an economic model are those that the model
takes as given and does not try to explain.
9. Exogenous variables in an economic model are those that the model
takes as given and does not try to explain.

2. 10. In a model with perfect competition, both buyers and sellers take the
price of a good as given.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Macroeconomics deals with:
a. how individual markets work.
b. the overall performance of the economy.
c. relative prices in different markets.
d. substitution of one good for another good.
2. Macroeconomics includes the study of:
a. the general price level. c. the relative price of goods.
b. the price of individual goods. d. all of the above.
3. Macroeconomists study:
a. the determination of the economy’s total production.
b. unemployment
c. the general price level.
d. all of the above.
4. Macroeconomists study:
a. the determination of real GDP.
b. the production of specific goods.
c. the relative production in different markets.
d. all of the above.
5. Among the prices that macroeconomist study are:
a. the price of coffee. c. the interest rate.
b. the price of tea. d. all of the above.

3. 6. Among the prices that macroeconomists study are:
a. the wage rate. c. the exchange rate.
b. the interest rate. d. all of the above.
7. Monetary policy involves:
a. the government’s expenditure. c. determining the quantity of
money.
b. taxation. d. the fiscal deficit.
8. The unemployment rate is:
a. the fraction of the population with no job.
b. the fraction of those seeking work with no job.
c. the rate of growth of those with no job.
d. the rate of growth of those seeking work.
9. Fiscal policy involves:
a. determining exchange rates. c. interest rates.
b. government expenditures. d. all of the above.
10. The rate of growth of GDP for period t is:
a. c.
b. d.
11. Variations in real GDP are called:
a. inflation. c. economic fluctuations.
b. deflation. d. all of the above.
12. When GDP is expanding toward a high point it is called a[n]:
a. depression. c. recession.
b. boom. d. inflation.

4. 13. When real GDP falls toward a low point or trough it is called a[n]:
a. boom. c. inflation.
b. recession. d. expansion.
14. During recessions the unemployment rate:
a. declines. c. is stable.
b. increases. d. is unmeasureable.
15. The unemployment rate in the US was highest in the:
a. 1990s c. 1980s
b. 1930s d. 1950s
16. The inflation rate for year t is:
a. c.
b. d.
17. A variable that macroeconomists want to model is a[n]
a. endogenous variable. c. exogenous variable.
b. dummy variable. d. predetermined variable.
18. A variable taken as given in a model is a[n]
a. endogenous variable. c. exogenous variable.
b. dummy variable. d. dichotomous variable.
19. The dollar price paid to use capital is known as:
a. the interest rate. c. the rental price of capital.
b. the exchange rate. d. the general price level.

5. 20. The price of labor is the:
a. exchange rate. c. interest rate.
b. wage rate. d. the rental price.
Figure1.1
Price
21. In Figure1.1 the equilibrium price is:
a. 2 c. 7
b. 5 d. 0
22. In Figure1.1 the equilibrium quantity is
a. 5 c. 7
b. 2 d. 8
23. In Figure1.1 if price is 7, then
a. the market is in equilibrium. c. there is excess quantity demanded.
b. there is excess quantity supplied. d. the market clears.
24. In Figure1.1 if the price is 2, then:
a. the market is in equilibrium. c. there is excess quantity demanded.
b. there is excess quantity supplied. d. the market clears.
25. In Figure1.1, if price is 7, then quantity demanded is:
a. 2. c. 3.
b. 7. d. 8.

6. 26. In Figure1.1, if price is 7, then quantity demanded is:
a. 2. c. 3.
b. 7. d. 8.
27. In Figure1.1, if price is 7, then quantity supplied is:
a. 2. c. 3.
b. 7. d. 8.
28. In Figure1.1, if price is 2, then quantity demanded is:
a. 2. c. 3.
b. 7. d. 8.
29. In Figure1.1, if price is 2, then quantity supplied is:
a. 2. c. 3.
b. 7. d. 8.
30. In Figure1.1, if price is 5, then quantity demanded is:
a. 2. c. 3.
b. 7. d. 5.
31. In Figure1.1, if demand falls, then equilibrium:
a. price and quantity fall. c. price falls and quantity rises.
b. price and quantity rise. d. prices rises and quantity falls.
32. In Figure1.1 if supply increases, then equilibrium:
a. price and quantity fall. c. price rises and quantity falls.
b. price and quantity rise. d. price falls and quantity rises.
33. A possible order of events in an economy over time is:

7. a. expansion, recession, peak, expansion. c. expansion, peak, trough,
recession.
b. recession, trough, expansion, peak. d. recession, trough, peak,
expansion.
34. A trough in an economy is when the economy:
a. is growing. c. is contracting.
b. reaches a low point. d. reaches a high point.
35. A peak in an economy is when the economy:
a. is growing. c. is contracting.
b. reaches a low point. d. reaches a high point.
36. A possible order of economic fluctuations is:
a. recession, boom, expansion, trough. c. recession, trough, expansion,
peak.
b. expansion, recession, boom, trough. d. expansion, trough, recession,
peak.
37. If prices are sticky:
a. the market quickly sticks at equilibrium. c. the market only slowly
moves toward equilibrium.
b. the market clears quickly. d. all of the above.
38. In an economic model:
a. endogenous variables feed into a model to affect exogenous variable. c.
exogenous and endogenous variables feed into the model.
b. exogenous variables feed into a model to affect endogenous variables. d.
none of the above.
39. A price taker:

8. a. takes the price to the market. c. accepts the market price and decides
whether and how much to buy or sell.
b. controls the market price. d. accepts the market quantity and sets
price.
40. A macroeconomist would study the:
a. price of cars. c. the sales of beer.
b. the market for shoes. d. none of the above.
41. Since the late 1800s, U.S. GDP has followed
a. a general downward trend. c. a flat trend.
b. a general upward trend. d. no discernable trend.
42. An economic expansion ends when the economy
a. reaches a peak. c. begins a boom.
b. reaches a trough. d. begins a surge.
43. An economic recession ends when
a. the economy reaches a peak. c. unemployment reaches zero percent.
b. the economy reaches a trough. d. unemployment rises at a slow
pace.
44. The unemployment rate measures
a. the number of people applying for unemployment insurance. c. the
number of people in government welfare programs.
b. the percentage of people working at the minimum wage. d. the
percentage of people seeking work who do not have a job.
45. The trend in the U.S. inflation rate since the 1970s has been
a. an increase in the rate.c. a decrease in the rate.
b. a decrease in the rate, followed by an increase in the rate. d. a steady
trend, with no major change in the rate.

9. 46. The changing rates of inflation in the U.S. mostly reflects changes in
institutions such as
a. the gold standard. c. the U.S. tax code.
b. U.S. Federal Reserve policy. d. both (a) and (b).
47. In the past twenty-five years, the U.S. Federal Reserve mostly has
pursued a policy of
a. low income tax rates. c. low and stable inflation.
b. low corporate tax rates. d. high required reserve rates.
48. An example of an exogenous variable in a macroeconomic model most
likely would be
a. the level of employment. c. the weather.
b. the level of real GDP. d. the interest rate.
49. An example of an endogenous variable in a macroeconomic model
most likely would be
a. the level of employment. c. the level of real GDP.
b. the existence of a war.d. either (a) or (c).
50. An example of an endogenous variable in a macroeconomic model
most likely would be
a. the interest rate. c. the development of a new technology.
b. the existence of a war.d. natural disasters.
51. Which is NOT an example of an exogenous variable in a
macroeconomic model?
a. the interest rate. c. the development of a new technology.
b. the existence of a war.d. natural disasters.

10. 52. Macroeconomics uses microeconomic models
a. to model the level of real GDP. c. to model the market for coffee.
b. to model the decisions of individual households and businesses. d. in
no circumstances.
53. In a macroeconomic model, the term disequilibrium refers to
a. a discrepancy between the quantities of labor supplied and demanded. c.
a gap between the wages of unskilled and skilled workers.
b. a discrepancy between the quantities of coffee supplied and demanded. d.
a gap between the level of real GDP in two cities.
54. In a macroeconomic model, the term disequilibrium refers to
a. the argument that some prices in the goods market are sticky. c. a
gap between the wages of unskilled and skilled workers.
b. a discrepancy between the quantities of coffee supplied and demanded. d.
a gap between the unemployment rate in two cities.
55. The new Keynesian approach argues that
a. the economy reflects perfect competion. c. individuals and
businesses are mostly price-takers.
b. some prices are sticky and move only slowly. d. supply and
demand in the goods market move prices quickly.
56. The new Keynesian approach argues that
a. individuals and businesses are mostly price-takers. c. sectors of the
economy may be in disequilibrium for extended periods.
b. most prices are flexible and move quickly. d. supply and demand in the
goods market move prices quickly.
57. The economist John Maynard Keynes argued that labor markets
a. are perfectly competitive. c. are usually in disequillibrium.
b. are usually at a point of disengagement. d. reflect rapid adjusment of
wages to market conditions.

11. 58. When a country follows a gold standard,
a. the price of gold is mostly constant. c. the price of gold varies quite a
bit.
b. the price of silver is mostly constant. d. a central bank cannot also exist.
59. An exchange rate reflects
a. the sum of the values of two currencies. c. the relative levels of labor
supply in two countries.
b. the rate at which one currency exchanges for another currency. d. the
relative levels of capital in two countries.
60. In a macroeconomic model with perfect competition,
a. no individual buyer can noticeably affect the prices of goods. c.
buyers can affect the prices of goods, but sellers cannot.
b. no individual seller can noticeably affect the prices of goods. d.
both (a) and (b).
61. In a macroeconomic model with perfect competition,
a. there are many buyers and a few sellers. c. there are many buyers and
sellers.
b. there are many sellers and a few buyers. d. there are few buyers and
sellers.
62. A macroeconomic model which uses a microeconomic foundation will
begin with
a. a microeconomic model, which is then aggregated to form a macroeconomic
model. c. a macroeconomic model, which is then aggregated to form a
microeconomic model.
b. a macroeconomic model, which is then disaggregated to form a
microeconomic model. d. a gold standard model, which is then held
exogenous to form a macroeconomic model.

12. 63. An equilibrium price in a microeconomic model
a. shows where the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied. c.
shows where disequilibrium occurs.
b. is a market-clearing price. d. shows where the quantity demanded is
greater than the quantity supplied.
64. An equilibrium price in a microeconomic model
a. shows where the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied. c.
occurs when there is no pressure for the price to rise or fall.
b. is a market-lowering price. d. shows where the quantity demanded is
greater than the quantity supplied.
65. The number for employment refers to the number of
a. employers who have job openings. c. people looking for jobs.
b. adults in the population. d. people with jobs.
SHORT ANSWER
1. What types of economic issues do macroeconomists study?
2. How is the annual inflation rate calculated?
3. What is the rate of growth of real GDP?
4. Describe what happens when demand or supply increase in a market.
5. What are exogenous and endogenous variables?
6. Why are both flexible prices and sticky prices important to
macroeconomic models?