The document discusses challenges, disruptions and innovations related to ebooks. It addresses issues such as price, digital inclusion, technological standards and interoperability, content, new opportunities for authorship and collaboration, and user behavior. It also examines initiatives for open educational resources and open licensing models as ways to increase access and sharing of knowledge through digital means.

1. Ebooks: desafios, perturbações e inovações
Carolina Rossini
GPOPAI – Universidade de São Paulo
REA-Brasil (www.rea.net.br)

2. Ebooks: desafios, perturbações e inovações
• Preço
• Inclusão digital
• Padrões tecnológicos e interoperabilidade
• Conteudo
• Novos oportunidades de autoria e
colaboração
• Comportamento

3. Ebooks: desafios, perturbações e inovações
• Preço
• Inclusão digital
• Padrões tecnologicos e interoperabilidade
• Conteudo
• Novos oportunidades de autoria e
colaboração
• Comportamento

4. Ebooks: desafios, perturbações e inovações

5. http://psfl.in/60

6. • “There is no doubt that e-books are a bright spot in the dismal
economics of publishing. The current market is strong — according to a
recent Harris Interactive poll, one in six Americans now uses an e-
reader, and that number will grow as consumers become more
comfortable with the technology.”
• The Association of American Publishers reports that e-books have risen
in 2010 to 6.4% of the trade market, up from 0.6% in 2008. The
Institute for Publishing Research predicts that by 2015, e-book sales
will increase to $3.6 billion, from $78 million in 2008. In publishing
terms, that’s petrodollars.
http://www.forward.com/articles/148713/the-future-of-
publishing/?p=all#ixzz1qYt50Lzq

7. • Sobre os livros digitais e os impressos, a pesquisa
Retratos da Leitura no Brasil mostra que a maioria,
52%, acredita que os livros tradicionais nunca vão
acabar e que irão conviver igualmente com os digitais.
Dezessete por cento dizem que os impressos vão
continuar, mas em pequenas edições. Para 7%, é uma
questão de tempo para que os livros no papel deixem
de ser publicados. Outros 7% afirmam que os digitais
serão sempre para poucos interessados.
http://www.prolivro.org.br/ipl/publier4.0/texto.asp?id=1815

8. Replicação de modelos de outros setores
“Roll over, Gutenberg! Publishing legend Jason
Epstein says the only way to save the book
industry is to get rid of all the books.”
http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2009-01-08/an-autopsy-of-the-book-business/full/

9. iChapters
iChapters is Cengage
Learning's discount online store for
more than 15,000 printed textbooks,
eTextbooks, individual eChapters, study
help tools, including online homework
solutions like CengageNow, OWL, Aplia,
Personal Trainer etc. [...,] audio study
tools sold as a complete audio book or
individual eChapters and select video
study tool products"
All materials fall under traditional
copyright. Downloadable materials are
PDFs secured with DRM software
from Oracle's SealedMedia and require
a proprietary special "unsealer" plug-in
for Adobe Acrobat to read the
electronic content

11. Iniciativas de autores
“self-publishing”

13. “Digital textbooks done
wrong”
E-textbooks are too expensive
• The e-textbooks we surveyed cost on average exactly the same as a new hard copy of
the same title bought and sold back to the bookstore.
• The e-textbooks we surveyed cost on average 39% more than a used hard copy of the
same title bought and sold back online.
Printing is costly and difficult
• Printing was limited to 10 pages per session for each of the e-textbooks we surveyed.
• Buying and printing half of an e-textbook was three times the cost of buying a used
hard copy and selling it back to the bookstore, for the books we surveyed.
E-textbooks are difficult to access
• Students have to choose between using the book online or using it offline - they cannot
do both.
• Most (75%) of the e-textbooks we surveyed expired after 180 days, so students do not
have the option to access their books in the future.
http://www.studentpirgs.org/textbooks/reports/course-correction

14. Preço e acesso
Preco médio do livro didático
sofreu um aumento de 217% no
período de 1994 a 2005, subindo
de R$2,20 para R$6,97. (IPEA
(2007)

15. Dispositivos e acesso

16. http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2013373872_textbooks08m.html

18. “OER are teaching, learning, and research materials in
any medium that reside in the public domain or have
been released under an open licence that permits
their free use and re-purposing by others. An open
license is one that allows anyone to access, reuse,
modify and share the OER. The use of open technical
standard for OER platforms and files improves access
and reuse potential of OERs which are developed and
published digitally.”

19. Paul Baran (1964)

20. Tools IP
Learning Content
Intellectual
Full courses, Software to support the creation, property licenses
course materials, delivery, use and improvement of to promote open
content modules, open learning content including
publishing of
learning objects, searching and organization of
content, content and learning materials, design-
collections, journals principles, and
management systems, content
development tools, and on-line localization of
learning communities. content.

23. •Reference materials
•Open textbooks/
learning materials
•Platforms
•Open courses
•Tools

25. Abertura e acesso: Livros didáticos abertos
“open source textbooks”
Open textbooks "are textbooks that are freely available
with nonrestrictive licenses. Covering a wide range of
disciplines, open textbooks are available to download and
print in various file formats from several web sites and
OER repositories. Open textbooks can range from public
domain books to existing textbooks to textbooks created
specifically for OER. Open textbooks help solve the
problems of the high cost of textbooks, book shortages,
and access to textbooks as well as providing the capacity
to better meet local teaching and learning needs" (ISKME).
http://cnx.org/content/m15767/latest/

26. Interoperabilidade legal e
tecnica como essencial
para o surgimento de
novas instituicoes

28. Terms that can be used for a derivative work or adaptation
Compatibility chart
by by-nc by-nc-nd by-nc-sa by-nd by-sa pd
pd
by
by-nc
Status of
by-nc-nd
original
work
by-nc-sa
by-nd
by-sa

29. Iniciativas “non-profit”

30. Introduction to
Economic Analysis
R. Preston McAfee, Caltech
ISBN: 160049000X
Online: Free
PDF/Word: Free
Hard copy: $11.10
Used at:
Harvard, NYU, Cal Poly, UC-Santa
Barbara, Caltech, Oregon State,
Claremont McKenna….
www.introecon.com

31. Collaborative
Statistics
Barbara Illowsky & Susan Dean
ISBN: 9780978745973
Online: Free
PDF/Word: Free
Hard copy: $31.98
www.cnx.org
For more information:
www.collegeopentextbooks.org

32. Comparação de livros de estatística
Publisher: Wiley Open: Connexions & QOOP
Downloadable version: Downloadable & online versions:
$77.50 FREE
Printed bound version: Printed bound version:
$141.95 new $31.98 new
$110.25 used

37. CK-12
• "Flexbook” - "high quality educational content that will serve both as core text as well as
provide an adaptive environment for learning"
• "through a combination of author donations, licensing partnerships, incentives for
community-based authorship, and university collaborations"
• Future content is planned to be commons-based peer-produced and moderated by CK-12 to
align with "an expanding base of learning standards like McREL Compendium“
• Content is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike licenses with any on-
demand printing costs born by users (print on home computer or through on-demand
company).
• Users are encouraged to customize the downloadable content as well
• a Physics Flexbook for use in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Thirteen scientists, teachers, and
professors volunteered to write the book with CK-12's support. The book was written in 2.5
months, including diagrams in high resolution (added to the CK-12 reposition, "keeping in line
with the philosophy of open content"), "with another two weeks for quality assurance". (Park
2008)

39. Curriki
• the first and only Internet site for Open Source
Curriculum (OSC), which will provide universal access to
free curricula and instructional materials for grades K-12.
• Focus: online repository for K-12 curricula in the areas of
mathematics, science, technology, reading and language
arts, and languages.
• Relevant
Press: http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/25/technology
/25iht-curriki26.1.8466585.html?_r=1

40. Modelos de Negócio Abertos

42. Bloomsbury Academic
• Bloomsbury Academic is a new imprint of
Britian's Bloomsbury Publishing Group Plc focused on
academic works in the humanities and social sciences.
• All works can be leased for free online under a Creative
Commons non-commercial license, and print-on-demand
(POD) copies are available "at reasonable prices“. Some will
also be available for purchase in a number of e-book
formats, many with enhanced features.
• A presentation by Dr. Pinter:
http://webcast.oii.ox.ac.uk/?view=Webcast&ID=20081121_
268

44. • Flatworld Knowledge e uma editora startup de
livros diadticos abertos que opera com base em
renda proveniente de modelos opcionais de
consumo de recursos educacionais como copias
impressas, digitais e materiais complementares
(“study aids”).
• Dr. Mason Carpenter, um autor tanto da Flat
World e Pearson, afirma que os royalties
provenientes de seus livros abertos esta
alcancando o proveniente de seus livros abertos.

47. The Flatworld Model
Open Affordable Social
Textbooks Choices Learning
Top Authors Open Free Alternate Formats Efficient Study Aids Collaboration
Authors

48. Diferentes formatos e preços

49. Funciona?

51. Top 10 - Razões
① Get a great books & supplements.
② Use new editions on your terms.
③ Make your book like your course (or not).
④ Don’t change your life very much.
⑤ Do change theirs – choice for the first time.
⑥ Level the playing field – everyone has access. And
Immediately.
⑦ No more access codes. Ever.
⑧ Integration into your LMS.
⑨ Did we say no more access codes?
⑩ Support a market-based solution.

53. Adoção de Modelos Abertos

54. Phase 1 page

56. Pearson, US CEO
Peter Cohen
• “We are now in a transformational period.
Everything we have has to be two worlds:
print and digital.”
• “The future of learning is going to be high-
quality online material and, to a lesser extent,
textbooks.’’

57. Houghton Mifflin
Wendy Colby, senior vice president
• “The textbook is no longer the center of the
educational universe.”

62. • We need to move away from the PDF

63. Why Invest in Open?
Inclusion/cooperation
Wide dissemination of education contributes to more
inclusive and cohesive societies, fosters equal
opportunities and innovation in line with the priorities
of a renewed social agenda focused on the knowledge
society. In this sense, this study brings a series of
recommendations to foster this dialogue.

64. Oportunidades e desafios
• Habilidade de criar conteudo modular,
interativo e personalizado – nao somente uma
copia digital de livros de papel
• Pensar em modelos de negocio e
sustentabilidade
• Como inlcuir abertura e nocao de rede > REA

65. Oportunidades e desafios
• Quais direitos e possibilidades vao existir para
leitores, e em particular para aqueles que
querem compartilhar e remixar seus livros
digitais sem fins lucrativos – comportamentos
que fazem parte da cultura da leitura?
• Qual a sinergia que existe entre a economica
dos ebooks e tais comportamentos?

66. “In any case, it is clear that a library containing all
possible books, arranged at random, is equivalent
(as a source of information) to a library containing
zero books.”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Library_of_Babel

67. “Thus, this book speaks.
It has a voice that allows
you to read yourself and
you are invited to
contribute to its writing.”
Pierre Lévy
www.rea.net.br
Thank you!!!!
carolina.rossini@gmail.com