Euthanasia refers to the intentional ending of a life to relieve suffering. It was practiced in ancient Greece but opposed by Hippocrates and Judeo-Christian traditions. Debate around legalizing euthanasia discusses relieving pain versus devaluing life. Arguments for euthanasia include relieving suffering and freeing funds, while arguments against include risks to vulnerable groups and a slippery slope. The Nazi regime carried out a "euthanasia" program that murdered over 70,000 disabled people. A proposed "Euthanasia Coaster" rollercoaster was designed to kill riders through lack of oxygen.

1. EUTHANASIA

2. WHAT IS EUTHANASIA
• “The intentional killing by act or omission of a person, whose life is no longer felt
to be worth living.
• The word Euthanasia is derived from two Greek words which mean “a good
death”. ( eu, well, and thanatos, death).
• Euthanasia by medical professionals, is thought to be encompassing all decisions
intended to hasten or to bring about the death of a person in order to prevent or
limit the suffering of that person (whether or not on his or her request)

3. ORIGIN OF EUTHANASIA
• Euthanasia was practiced in Ancient Greece where hemlock was employed as the
means of hastening death on the island of Kea.
• Euthanasia was supported by Socrates, Plato and Seneca the elder, but
Hippocrates appears to have spoken against the practice.
• Euthanasia was also strongly opposed by the Judeo-Cristian tradition.
• Casper Questel’s “On the pillow of which the dying shouldn’t be deprived”,
initiated a wave of debate during this time.

4. • Suicide and Euthanasia were more acceptable under protestantism and the age of Enlightenment.
• The mid 1800s, started the usage of morphine to treat the pains of the death emerged.(John
Warren). The the similar use of chloroform was revealed by Joseph Buller to hasten the death of
terminally ill people.
• Felix Adler, the first prominent American, to argue for suicide in cases where people are
chronically ill.
• The first attempt to legalise euthanasia in America was made in 1906, after Henry Hunt introduced
it in the general assembly of Ohio.
• King George V was mercy killed by his physician as he was suffering From cardiorespiratory failure.

5. TYPES OF EUTHANASIA
ACTIVE EUTHANASIA
• It is the death brought by an act. For example, taking a high dosage of drugs.
• To end a person’s life by the use of drugs, either by oneself or by the aid of a Physician.
PASSIVE EUTHANASIA
• When death is brought by an omission. Example, can be done by withholding or withdrawing
treatment.
• Withdrawing treatment: For example, switching off a machine that keeps the person alive.
• Withholding treatment: For example, not carrying out a surgery that will extend life of the patient for
a short time.

6. VOLUNTARY EUTHANASIA
• The procedure committed with the willing or autonomous cooperation of the subject.
• This means that the subject is free from direct or indirect influences on his own personal
decision.
INVOLUNTARY EUTHANASIA
• This occurs when the patient is unconscious or unable to make a meaningful choice between living
and dying, and an appropriate person takes that decision for him/her.
• This is usually called murder, but it is possible to imagine cases where the killing would count as a
favor for the patient.

7. INDIRECT EUTHANASIA
• This means providing treatments which is mainly to reduce pain that has a significant effect In
shortening one’s life time.
• Since the primary intent wasn’t to kill, it is morally accepted by many people.
ASSISTED SUICIDE
• This usually refers to cases where the persons who are going to die need help to kill themselves and so
they ask for it.
• It may be something as simple as getting drugs for the person, and putting those drugs within their
reach.

8. LEGALISING EUTHANASIA: A DISCUSSION
The ethical debate over euthanasia is usually very intense in many countries
especially in the developed ones. Both the United Kingdom and the United States of
America have had their share of the debate with the issues finding space in to politics
and law.
Although much has been written about euthanasia, there has been a tendency to only
relate the issue to religion while other aspects are ignored. Ethics deals with the moral
of a subject in terms of whether something is good or evil, right or wrong, acceptable
or not et cetera

9. EUTHANASIA COASTER: A PROJECT
A Lithuanian man once came up with the idea of an “Euthanasia Coaster,” the purpose
of which was to take the lives of its riders.
Designer Julijonas Urbonas even drew up the plans for the fatal theme park attraction in
2010, calling it “a hypothetic death machine in the form of a roller coaster, engineered to
humanely—with elegance and euphoria—take the life of a human being.”
the Euthanasia Coaster experience a drop at a speed of roughly 223 miles-per-hour
before going through several loops that get smaller and smaller in size.
In the end, Urbonas himself explains that the speed and design of the roller coaster
would cause riders to lose consciousness and then, eventually, pass away from the
lack of oxygen going to their brains.
“The biomonitoring suit [that passengers wear] double-checks if there is a need for the
second round, which is extremely unlikely, as the result is guaranteed by seven-fold
repetition,” stated Urbonas.

11. NAZI EUTHANASIA
(Program to murder people with disabilities)
• Aim- To eliminate what eugenicists and their supporters considered “life unworthy of life”: those
individuals who-they believed-because of severe psychiatric, neurological, or physical disabilities
represented both a genetic and financial burden on German society and state.
• On August 18, 1939, the Reich Ministry of the Interior circulated a degree required all physicians to
report newborns under age of 3 born with disabilities or any signs of mental disability.
• These kids were admitted to one of the number of specially designed pediatric clinics across
Germany and Austria.
• In reality, these clinics were children’s killing wards. Specially hired medical professionals murdered
these children by lethal overdoses of medication or by starvation.

13. ARGUMENTS PROMOTING EUTHANASIA
• Euthanasia provides a way to relieve extreme pain.
• Euthanasia provides a way of relief when a person’s quality of life is low.
• Euthanasia frees up medical funds to help other people.
• It is another case of freedom of choice– the right to commit suicide.
• People shouldn’t be forced to stay alive.

14. ARGUMENTS AGAINST EUTHANASIA
• Euthanasia devalues human life.
• Euthanasia can become a means of healthcare cost containment.
• Euthanasia will become non-voluntary.
• Euthanasia would not only be for people who are terminally ill.

15. REFERENCES
• Pereira. J (June, 2012). Legalising euthanasia or assisted suicide: the illusion of safeguards and
controls. Retrieved from https:/nbcu.nlm.nih.gov/
• Caesar Roy (July, 2011). Position of euthanasia in India:An analytical study.
Retrieved from https:/researchgate.net/publication/
• Claudia Dimuro (Jun 10, 2021). Euthanasia coaster. Retrieved from https:/pennlive.com/
• Encyclopedia (July 20, 2021). Euthanasia. Retrieved from
https:/www.britannica.com/topic/euthanasia/
• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (Oct 7, 2020). Nazi Euthanasia. Retrieved from
https:/encyclopedia.ushmm.org/article/ euthanasia programs/

16. THANK YOU