The document outlines a curriculum on design thinking for civil engineering students, emphasizing creativity and problem-solving skills essential for product development. It discusses various units that cover customer needs, prototyping, service design, product architecture, financial analysis, and environmental considerations. The text highlights the importance of understanding user-centered design, collaboration, and iterative processes to innovate effectively in engineering contexts.

1. Shri Vithal Education Research Institute’s,
College of Engineering, Pandharpur
S. Y. B. Tech. (Civil Engineering) – II,
Semester- IV
Design Thinking
By Prof. N.V.Mahamuni

3. SECTION-I
Unit 1: Design Thinking Skills (06)
Difference between design thinking and other traditional approaches, Design
Thinking Skills, Application these skills with some example, Design Thinking Mindset,
Principles of Design Thinking.
Unit 2: Customer Needs and Product Specifications: (09)
Identification of customer needs, Methods to Identify Customer Needs, draft
customer needs statements as your first step towards user innovations. Translation
of Customer needs into Product specifications quantitatively, establishment of
product metrics to define product specifications.

4. Unit 3: Creativity and Prototyping: (09)
Learn to apply creativity, brainstorming, and concept generation process in
designing needs solutions, Explore prototyping methods, strategies, and real-life
examples where these have been applied to create a design that represents
customer needs and product specifications.
SECTION-II
Unit 4: Design for Services: (07)
Understand design of services, Principles of service design thinking, Tools for
service design thinking, and learn how to apply product development frameworks
to the service context.

5. Unit 5 Product Architecture and Financial Analysis: (07)
Learn to use the modular and integral product architectures in determining the
building blocks of a product. Learn to perform financial analysis of your project
idea and decide if it is backed by a strong business rationale (Worth-It).
Unit 6 Design for Environment: (07)
Learn how to apply design for environment principles to a product life cycle, Learn
to select and implement a product development process (staged, spiral, and
agile)that's aligned to your project needs.

6. Unit 5 Product Architecture and Financial Analysis: (07)
Learn to use the modular and integral product architectures in determining the
building blocks of a product. Learn to perform financial analysis of your project
idea and decide if it is backed by a strong business rationale (Worth-It).
Unit 6 Design for Environment: (07)
Learn how to apply design for environment principles to a product life cycle, Learn
to select and implement a product development process (staged, spiral, and
agile)that's aligned to your project needs.

7. Unit 1: Design Thinking Skills (06)
Difference between design thinking and other traditional approaches, Design
Thinking Skills, Application these skills with some example, Design Thinking
Mindset, Principles of Design Thinking.

8. Introduction
Design thinking is very interesting subject from we learn creative problem solving
techniques.
It is important for all engineering departments, for all involved in product
development epically for civil department and engineering department to
develop innovative product to develop to help our users.
Now a days all private and public sectors focusing the design thinking.
By understanding all this importance the subject university introduced in this
subject in second year syllabus.

9. History
Drawing on psychological studies of creativity from the 1940s, such
as Max Wertheimer's "Productive Thinking" (1945), new
creativity techniques in the 1950s and design methods in the 1960s
led to the idea of design thinking as a particular approach to
creatively solving problems. Among the first authors to write about
design thinking were John E. Arnold in "Creative Engineering" (1959)
and L. Bruce Archer in "Systematic Method for Designers" (1965).

10. Design Thinking
Repeat/Iterate

11. Design Thinking
At its core, design thinking can be construed as a creative problem solving
approach or, more completely, as a systematic and collaborative approach for
identifying and creatively solving problems.
Or
The term design thinking simply means that one is approaching problems, and
their solutions, as a designer would.

12. Design Thinking
Case Study:
https://youtu.be/rWyClv8bico

13. Why — The Advantage
Why should we introduce a new way to think about product development?
• It is a user-centred process that starts with user data, creates design artifacts
that address real and not imaginary user needs, and then tests those artifacts
with real users.
• It support collective expertise and establishes a shared language and buy-in
amongst your team.
• It encourages innovation by exploring multiple ways for the same problem.

14. How — The Process
The design-thinking framework follows an overall flow of 1) understand, 2)
explore, and 3) materialize. Within these larger buckets fall the 6 phases:
Empathize
Define
Ideate
Prototype
Test
Implement.

15. How — The Process

16. Design Thinking
Empathize: Conduct research in order to develop
knowledge about what your users do, say, think, and feel.
Define: Combine all your research and observe where your
users’ problems exist. In pinpointing your users’ needs,
begin to highlight opportunities for innovation.
Ideate: Brainstorm a range of crazy, creative ideas that
address the unmet user needs identified in the define
phase. Give yourself and your team total freedom; no idea
is too farfetched and quantity supersedes quality.

17. Design Thinking
Prototype: Build real, tactile representations for a subset of
your ideas. The goal of this phase is to understand what
components of your ideas work, and which do not. In this
phase you begin to weigh the impact vs. feasibility of your
ideas through feedback on your prototypes.
Test: Return to your users for feedback. Ask yourself ‘Does
this solution meet users’ needs?’ and ‘Has it improved how
they feel, think, or do their tasks?’
Implement: Put the vision into effect. Ensure that your
solution is materialized and touches the lives of your end
users.

18. Difference between design thinking
and other traditional approaches:
TRADITIONAL APPROACH:
• In traditional approach, for evaluating any business proposition, the two most
important aspects that are taken into account by business executives are
(1) Viability, and (2) Feasibility.

19. DESIGN THINKING APPROACH:
• Design Thinking is a design approach that starts with understanding the needs of the
stakeholders (desirability) and bringing the viability and feasibility aspects together.

20. Difference between design thinking
and other traditional approaches:

22. DESIGN THINKING SKILLS
1. Emotional Intelligence
2. Consensus Building
3. User Research
4. Journey Mapping
5. Brainstorming

23. DESIGN THINKING SKILLS
1. Emotional Intelligence
Emotional intelligence refers to the capability of a person
to manage and control his or her emotions and possess
the ability to control the emotions of others as well.
Person with high emotional intelligence becomes a force
multiplier, he can extract max work out of the team
members – he knows how to motivate people.
For Example: Almost all employees will get upset, bad
moods, argue and just have bad days.

24. 2. Consensus Building
Consensus decision-making or consensus process (often
abbreviated to consensus) are group decision-making
processes in which participants develop and decide on
proposals with the aim, or requirement, of acceptance by
all. OR
Agreeing as a group to support the outcome of a vote.
For example, a product development team has three
product designs but can only implement one. Each member
of the team votes for the product they feel will be most
commercially successful with all members agreeing to
support the outcome of the vote.

25. 3. User Research
User research is the methodological study of target users—
including their needs and pain points—so designers have
the sharpest possible insights to work with to make the best
designs.
For example,
Transforming the Search Feature on a Video Streaming
App
The Challenge: Designing a video streaming platform for kids.

26. 3. User Research
The Research: “Research team set out to understand exactly
how children watch video content. Especially interested in
uncovering how kids search and what functionality and features
they knew how to use. To get at these issues, they conducted
individual usability tests with children ages 3 to 14
The Outcome: “One of the most important findings that they
uncovered was that children across all age groups search by
character rather than title of the program. This finding
completely changed the way that team designed the search
features in the platform. They focused on searching by
character, rather than video title, and incorporated character
images into our strategy for driving engagement.”

27. 4. Journey Mapping
Customer journey mapping (also called user journey mapping)
is the process of creating a customer journey map, a visual
story of your customers' interactions with your team.
For example:
1. Spotify
Spotify is one of the world’s most popular audio streaming
services. When Spotify wanted to improve the music-
sharing experience for its customers, it
hired a marketing firm to create a customer journey map.

28. 4. Journey Mapping
1. Spotify
Spotify is one of the world’s most popular audio streaming
services. When Spotify wanted to improve the music-
sharing experience for its customers, it
hired a marketing firm to create a customer journey map.

29. 5. Brainstorming
Group discussion to produce ideas or solve problems.
A group problem-solving technique that involves the
spontaneous contribution of ideas from all members of the
group conducted several sessions.
For example: In-person brainstorming
The Set-Up: Design team at a TCS company. No one works
remotely; everyone is in the office. Since they launched new
website, they have gotten fewer content downloads. They are
trying to figure out how to change that.

30. 5. Brainstorming
The Problem: How can they get more people to download the
content on our site?
The Brainstorm:
Before the meeting, they email everyone to let them know:
• The problem you wish to solve
• That they should set aside 10 minutes to think about the
problem before the session.
Some participants are visual thinkers, while others are not.
To give everyone a chance to participate , they break them
into pairs.

31. 5. Brainstorming
The Brainstorm:
They then bring the group together to build on these ideas.
When the conversation start, they get the ideas flowing.
At the end of the session, they conclude up by setting the
stage for the next meeting. Everyone will come together to
group ideas based on their differences and similarities.

32. Design Thinking Mindset:
Mindsets
A mindset is a person’s way of thinking and their opinions. A
designer should have these mindsets to reach the depth of
a problem.
These mindsets are as follows:
Show, don’t tell : Communicate what you are thinking by
visuals. Its more effective than words. This can be done by
creating experiences, using illustrative visuals, and telling
good stories.
Focus on human values : Empathy for the people design
and feedback from them is a fundamental to good design.

33. Design Thinking Mindset:
Craft clarity : Create a clear vision about the design out of many
problems. Frame the vision and put it in a way to fuel ideation and to
inspire others
Take up experimentation : Prototype is not simply a way to validate the
idea but it is an integral part of the innovation process. Think outside
the box, prototype, iterate. We think, make and learn from it.
Be mindful of process : Know the design process, where you are right
now in the process, what methods to use in which phase and how to
apply it to reach the goals.
Radical collaboration : Bringing together designers and innovators from
different backgrounds, varied interests and viewpoints. When people
from different fields come together, breakthrough insights can come up.

34. Principles of the Design Thinking: 1.
1. User-centricity and empathy
2. Collaboration
3. Ideation
4. Experimentation and iteration
5. A bias towards action

35. Principles of the Design Thinking:
1. User-centricity and empathy: Design thinking is all about
finding solutions that respond to human needs and user
feedback. People, not technology, are the drivers of
innovation, so an essential part of the process involves
stepping into the user’s shoes and building genuine
empathy for your target audience.
2. Collaboration: The aim of design thinking is to pool a
diverse variety of perspectives and ideas; this is what leads
to innovation! Design thinking encourages collaboration
between heterogeneous, multidisciplinary teams which may
not typically work together.

36. Principles of the Design Thinking:
3. Ideation: Design thinking is a solution-based framework, so the
focus is on coming up with as many ideas and potential solutions
as possible. Ideation is both a core design thinking principle and a
step in the design thinking process. The ideation step is a
designated judgment-free zone where participants are encouraged
to focus on the quantity of ideas, rather than the quality.
4. Experimentation and iteration: It’s not just about coming up
with ideas; it’s about turning them into prototypes, testing them,
and making changes based on user feedback. Design thinking is an
iterative approach, so be prepared to repeat certain steps in the
process as you uncover defects and shortcomings in the early
versions of your proposed solution.

37. Principles of the Design Thinking:
5. A bias towards action: Design thinking is an extremely
hands-on approach to problem-solving favouring action
over discussion. Instead of hypothesizing about what your
users want, design thinking encourages you to get out there
and engage with them face-to-face. Rather than talking
about potential solutions, you’ll turn them into tangible
prototypes and test them in real-world contexts.

38. Thank You